[Influence of allogenic and autologic multipotent stromal cells of adipose tissue upon bone tissue regeneration in the rabbit mandible angle defect].

Reconstructive surgery often collides with complicated task of defect recovery in the situation of deficit of maxillofacial skeleton tissues, that leads to necessary search of accessible cells source with osteogenic potentials and proper substrate for cell transplantation. In the study the regeneratory potential of stromal cells of adipose tissue was tested in the rabbit model of mandible through angle defect. Cells of allogenic and autologic nature stimulated reparative osteogenesis but their influence upon bone matrix maturation was different. When the construction with allogenic cells was transplanted reaction of its rejection was not detected on histological level.

[Experimental substantiation of recombinant epidermal growth factor use efficacy in the treatment of wounds of mucosal membrane of oral cavity in the immunodeficiency].

In experiment on rats in the immunodeficiency the use of recombinant epidermal growth factor was substantiated that let to speed up reparative regeneration at concentration 500 ppb/l drinking water.

[Use of mesenchymal stem cells for reparative processes activation in bone jaw tissue in experimental conditions].

In experiment on 12 Chinchilla rabbits dynamics of reparative regeneration was studied at the terms 2 and 4 months. Bone defect in mandible corner was closed by osteoplastic material Gapkol which was covered from inside by allogenic or autologic stem cells received from rabbit adipose tissue. The results of the ray tracing methods of study were verified by SEM and histological methods.

[Comparison of fibroblasts-like cell differentiation capacities of human bone marrow, adipose tissue, hair papilla and dermal fibroblasts].

We compared the morphology and differentiation characteristics of the human cells from bone marrow, adipose tissue, hair papilla and skin dermis. All cell types showed fibroblastic morphology. Immunofluorescent analysis showed that adipose tissue derived stem cells (ADAS) and hair papilla cells (HPC) expressed CD105, CD49d and STRO-1, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) were absent for CD49, dermal fibroblasts (DFb) expressed CD49 and STRO-1 at low level. Populations of ADAS, BMSC and HPC had similar capacities to lipid and bone differentiation. Following exposure to appropriate induction stimuli, these cells changed phenotype and expressed specific cell markers. However, the rate and extent of HPC differentiation were lower in comparison with populations of ADAS and BMSC. We propose that all investigated cell populations contain primitive progenitor cells with mesenchymal stem cell properties.

[Screening study methods use for substantiation of immune modulating therapy of hypergic inflammatory process in maxillofacial region].

With the help of flow cytometry it was shown that for patients with hypergic inflammatory process in maxillofacial region the reduction of lymphocytes relative number was typical as well as their absolute number reduction. Direct and very strong correlation was established between absolute lymphocytes number in peripheral blood and absolute number of CD3 and CD4 lymphocytes subpopulations by correlation analyses. The reduction of absolute lymphocytes number in peripheral blood let speak with more probability about the reduction of the number of CD3 and CD4 lymphocytes subpopulations and diagnose secondary immune deficit.

[Bone defects of ramus mandibulae healing in rabbits under bioengineering constructions from titanium and gold alloy with xenogenic mesenchymal stem cells].

Aim of the study was substantiation in experiments on rabbit ramus mandibulae of the method of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on the carrier from titanium and gold alloy for reparative osteogenesis enforcement. There was shown stimulating action of the MSC implantation in the bone wound upon reparative osteogenesis at the terms from 1 to 4 months. It was concluded that implants from titanium and gold alloy may be used as carrier for MSC for bone tissue reparative regeneration stimulation.

[Regeneration processes in bone defects after implantation of composite material of different density of polylactide origin filled with HAP (experimental-morphological study)].

In experimental-morphological study on 6 dogs the dynamics of regenerate formation in ulna and mandible defects after implantation in them composite material of different density (0.46-0.50 and 0.38-0.42 g/cm(3)) of polylactide (PL) origin filled with HAP was followed at the terms of 6 and 9 months. Histologic study and structural determinant distribution analysis in the content of regenerate showed that optimal results according to the bone defect substitution by bone regenerate criterion at 9th month of the experiment were received after composite material from PL and HAP with the density of 0.38-0.42 g/cm(3) implantation. Newly formed trabecular bone tissue was seen in the regenerate and as well as strong tendency for bone matrix maturation. It was confirmed by the appearance of lamellar structures in newly formed bone trabecules situated in peripheral zones of bone defect. In bone mandible defects the substitution process of the implants from PL with HAP by the bone tissue was much slower than in ulna defects.

[Bone regenerate structural organization in experimentally reproduced defects of mandible branches under xenogenic stromal cells influence].

In experiment on rabbits by histomorphometric method it was shown that after the use during 4 months of titanium plate with the culture of marrow mesenchymal stromal cells there happened full infill of mandible defect by lamellar bone tissue. In control group (titanium plate with inactivated culture of cells) the defect was replaced by regenerate, the most part of it was rough fibrous connective tissue. In experimental group in the central parts of the defect regenerate were characterized by bigger weight of lamellar bone matrix if compared with the peripheral parts of the defect that testified to higher level of its differentiation. Use of stem cells on titanium carrier led in 4 months experiment to full infill of jaw defect by lamellar bone tissue.

[Evaluation of reparative regeneration of the jaw bone by microfocus roentgenography in an experiment].

In experiment on 16 grown-up chinchilla rabbits the dynamic of reparative regeneration was evaluated by digital microfocal rontgenography in the terms of 1, 2 and 4 months. Bone defect of the 8capital CHE, Cyrillic8 mm size in the region of mandible angle was caused by surgical laser Smart 2940 D+ on the right side and by physiodespenser Surgec XT on the left side. Surgical laser use let to reduce intact mother bone traumatisation and to improve remote results of bone tissue regeneration. After bone defect creation bone tissue regeneration was put into effect by all 3 callus types - endosteal, periosteal and intermediary.

[Principles of bone tissue structures interaction with full removable dentures fixed on intraosseous implantates modelling].

Math modelling "removable dentures-implantate-bone" with size and density of bone tissue as variables was created. It allowed to study biomechanical bases of mandibular bone tissue structures interaction with full removable dentures of different constructions and fixed on intraosseous implantates. Analysis of the received data showed that in the majority of cases it was expedient to recommend 3 bearing (abutments) system of denture making. Rest on 4 and more implantates was appropriate for patients with reduced density of spongy bone and significant mandibular bone atrophy. 2 abutment system can be used in patients with high density of spongy bone and absence of mandibular bone atrophy.

[Histamine releasing and immunomodulating activity of dental restorative materials].

Histamine releasing and immunomodulating activity of the following dental restorative materials (DRM) - Prizmafil, Filtek Z250, XRV Herculite Prodigy, Glasiosite, Te-Econol, Valux Plus, Polofil Supra were studied. It was shown that DRM under study as a rule did not possess the ability to release histamine (H) from human blood basophile (BB) excluding Filtek Z250 which release H from BB in patients with allergy and sound donors. The studied DRM implanted under mouse skin were able to modulate immune response to the allergen, at that some of them increased antibodies of IgE-class forming and other suppressed immune response caused by IgG-antibody forming. Received data have certain significance in the scheme of safety evaluation and individual assessment of DRM having acceptable biocompatibility for specific patient.

[Histamine releasing activity of dental materials as the indicator of their biocompatibility].

Different types of dental materials (DM) were studied for their capacity to release histamine in vitro from basophils of whole blood of allergic patients and healthy donors using automated and computerized glass fiber-based leukocyte histamine release test (LHRT). It was shown that some types of DM possessed ability to release histamine from basophils and some didn't. There were no differences in histamine releaseability from basophils obtained from allergic patients and healthy donors. LHRT gives opportunity to recognize of DM possessing high or low histamine releaseability as well as to detect individual sensitivity to different DM. Thus, LHRT can be used for preliminary assessment of DM for their biocompatibility and also for individual selection of suitable DM for particular patient to avoid unwanted side effects.

[Noncollagen bone proteins use in the composition of osteoplactic material Gapkol modified by vacuum].

In rat experiments the ability of noncollagen bone proteins (NCBP) in the composition of osteoplactic modified material Gapkol (not tanned in formalin and subjected to vacuum extraction) to increase bone reparation in comparison with traditional Gapkol was studied. Quantitative evaluation was performed on rat parietal bone and qualitative evaluation was performed on rat mandible. It was shown that Gapkol with NCBP (not tanned in formalin and subjected to vacuum extraction) increased reparative osteogenesis.

[Investigation of dysbiosis developing during "dry" immersion and methods of correction].

Dysbiotic shifts in intestinal and integumentary microflora were studied in 10 test-subjectes during 7-day "dry" immersion. Essentially every test-subject reduced significantly fecal lactoflora and developed dysbiotic shifts in the microbial landscape of various types of integument. Pharyngeal microflora was analyzed in 22 normal volunteers for 7-day "dry" immersion. Two probiotic preparations were administered to prevent pharyngeal dysbiosis: peroral dry lactobacterin and topical collagen-immobilized lactobacterin. The peroral probiotic stimulated growth of pharyngeal opportunistic pathogens preventing translocations of the intestinal microflora. The topical probiotic, on the opposite, reduced the content of opportunistic pathogens in the throat; however, it provoked gastrointestinal dysbiosis. It appears that the most effective prophylaxis of pharyngeal dysbiosis can be reached by prescription of both topical and peroral probiotics.

[Parodontal tissues reaction to filling of dental root defect with different materials in experiment].

In experimental study on 4 mongrel 4-5 year old dogs under intravenous anesthesia (rometar) after turning back of mucous-periosteum flap and forming artificial defects of hard tissues in the upper third of a dental root the defects were filled with glass-ionomer cement (Ketac-molar, 3M-Espe), composite light cured material (Heliomolar flow, Ivoclar-Vivadent), amalgam with high silver content (Amalcap Plus regular non-Gamma-2, Ivoclar-Vivadent) or with material for dental root perforation closure (PRO-Poot mta, Dentsply). It was found that parodontium reacted to these filling materials by inflammation. The glass-ionomer cement and material for dental root perforation closure had lesser effect on parodontium in comparison with composite and amalgam.

[Effects of high quantities of sorbitol and saccharose in the diet on enzymes activity and liver mass of rats in different seasons of the year].

Four groups of 1-month-old rats were fed with standard diet (SD) for a month, 46% SD + 54% sorbitol, 54% saccharose or 27% sorbitol + 27% saccharose. Fed with 54% sorbitol and with 27% sorbitol + 27% saccharose differed from rats given 54% saccharose and 100% SD (they were thin, had hyperreaction to light, diarrhea). Liver mass in all the tests in autumn and winter (AuWi) is lower than in spring and summer (SpSu). It is lower in 54% sorbitol, higher in 27% sorbitol + 27% saccharose, the highest in 54% saccharose and 100% SD. Specific activity (SA) of lactate dehydrogenase (LDG) is higher, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDG) is lower in SpSu than in AuWi in 4 diets. In 54% sorbitol and 27% sorbitol + 27% saccharose SA of LDG, G-6-PDG and succinate dehydrogenase (SDG) is not higher than in 100 SD. SA of SDG and LDG in SpSu is higher than in AuWi, G-6-PDG is lower in SpSu. SA of these three enzymes is not higher in 54% sorbitol than in 100% SD in contrast to 4-fold rise of SA of sorbitol dehydrogenase. Biorhythms of enzyme SA reflect the results of interaction of adaptive molecular mechanisms of the body, including genetic ones, with changing environment.

[To the mechanism of enhancing the activity of serum and hepatic sorbitol dehydrogenase in rats fed excess sweetener sorbitol].

One-month rats were randomized to a diet containing sorbitol (SOR) (54%), saccharose (SACCH) (54%) or that containing SOR (27%) and SACCH (27%). They were kept on the diets for 1 or 3 months. At the age of 2 and 4 months, the rats were returned to the routine diet of a vivarium. The experiments were terminated when the rats were aged 2, 4, and 7 months. In all seasons, the monthly diets containing 27% and 54% of SOR increased the serum activity of sortibol dehydrogenase (SDH) by several and tens of times. The 3-month diet produced the same effect. It suddenly turned out that the 54% SACCH diet also increased SDH activity, but to a lesser extent than a combination of 27 SOR and 27% SACCH, and by tens of times less than the 54% SOR diet. Comparison of three diets showed the same relationship between the increases in SDH activity in the liver. With excess dietary SOR, a very high increase was first found in serum and hepatic SOD activity by an induction mechanism.

[Enforcing osseointegration of dental implantates spray-coated by bioceramics with the help of hyaluronic acid and hydroxyapatite gel in experimental conditions].

Influence of HAP-gel (2 g of 2% solution of hyaluronic acid mixed with 0,5 g of hydroxyapatite and 0,1 ml of colloidal silver) upon osseointegration in case of delayed introduction of titanium implantates in dog jaw. By scanning electron microscopy it was shown that solely use either of HAP-gel or of ceramic spraying increased direct contact area between bone and implantates in the 6 and 9 months time period. Combination of spray-coated ceramic with HAP-gel was effective in 3 months after implantation, when solely the HAP-gel or the ceramic spraying were little effective. In the following terms of experiment (6 and 9 months) significant differences between groups 3 and 4 (implantate with ceramic spraying but without HAP-gel in the alveolus and implantate with ceramic spraying and with HAP-gel in the alveolus) were not found. The area of implantate integration with jaw bone (cortical part of it was excluded) was equal to 80% and was maximal for the given conditions of the experiment.

[Experimental grounds for administration of probiotic drugs in conditions of hydroweightlessness].

We studied pharyngeal microflora in 22 healthy volunteers after 7-day dry immersion. For prophylactic pharyngeal dysbiosis, we used two probiotic drugs: oral -- "lactobacterin dry" and local --"lactobacterin immobilized on collagen". Administration of oral probiotic was accompanied with growth of pharyngeal opportunistic microflora preventing translocation of intestinal microflora. Local probiotic, on the contrary, decreased opportunistic microflora in the pharynx, but was associated with gastrointestinal dysbiosis. It is evident that combined use of topic and oral probiotic provides maximal effective prophylaxis of pharyngeal dysbiosis.

[Present-day problems and state of fundamental dentistry in Russia].

The article deals with present-day problems of domestic stomatological science and its management in the light of modern tasks. The main directions, successes and drawbacks of theoretical studies on stomatological problems in our country are considered.