[Clinical study on the efficacy and safety of glaucoma drainage implants in the treatment of different types of glaucoma].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of glaucoma drainage implants(XEN-45 Gel Stent) for glaucoma treatment. Methods: A prospective study was conducted to continuously collect the clinical data of patients who were diagnosed with glaucoma and underwent XEN-45 Gel Stent implantation in the Ophthalmology Department of Peking University People's Hospital from January 2022 to August 2023. The visual acuity, intraocular pressure, number of glaucoma medications, and success rate of the patients were analyzed before and after surgery at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months. The differences in intraocular pressure and number of glaucoma medications among primary open-angle glaucoma, primary angle closure glaucoma, secondary glaucoma, and different implantation methods of XEN-45 Gel Stent among patients with primary open-angle glaucoma were compared. The intraoperative and postoperative complications were observed, and the risk factors for needling and surgical complete success were analyzed. Results: A total of 48 eyes from 48 patients were included in this study, comprising 27 males and 21 females, with a mean age of (54.4±18.0) years and the disease duration was 36.0(7.3, 81.0) months.There were 28 cases of primary open-angle glaucoma, 4 cases of primary angle closure glaucoma, and 16 cases of secondary glaucoma.The follow-up period was 8.0 (3.0, 12.0) months. At 12 months after surgery, the intraocular pressure decreased from 20.5 (17.0, 26.0) mmHg to (13.5±3.3) mmHg (P<0.05), and the number of glaucoma medications decreased from 3.0 (3.0, 4.0) to 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) (P<0.05). The complete success rate and qualified success rate were 73.9% (17/23) and 91.3% (21/23), respectively. The most common postoperative complications were shallow anterior chamber in 6 cases (12.5%), hypotony in 3 cases (6.3%), and blocked stent in 3 cases (6.3%). The most common postoperative treatment was needling in 27 cases (56.3%). There was no significant difference in intraocular pressure among different types of glaucoma. In the comparison of postoperative effects of different surgical implantation methods for primary open-angle glaucoma, there were no statistically significant differences in intraocular pressure and the number of glaucoma medications at other follow-up time points except 1 month after surgery (P<0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis did not find any risk factors associated with needling and surgical complete success. Conclusions: XEN-45 Gel Stent implantation is an effective and safe surgical option for different types of glaucoma patients in China, which can significantly reduce intraocular pressure and the use of glaucoma medications and has a high success rate. However, some patients may need needling or other treatments after surgery.

Preoperative prediction of mediastinal lymph node metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer based on 18F-FDG PET/CT radiomics.

AIM: To establish and verify a 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics nomogram to predict mediastinal lymph node metastasis (LNM) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients preoperatively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled 155 NSCLC patients (primary cohort, n=93; validation cohort, n=62). For each patient, 2,704 radiomic features were extracted from the primary lung cancer regions. Four procedures including the Mann-Whitney U-test, Spearman's correlation analysis, minimum redundancy-maximum relevance (mRMR), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) binary logistic regression were utilised for determining essential features and establishing a radiomics signature. After that, a nomogram was established. The nomogram's potential was assessed based on its discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness. The radiomics signature and nomogram predictive performances were evaluated with respect to the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), specificity, accuracy, and sensitivity. RESULTS: The radiomics signature composed of eight selected features had good discriminatory performance of LNM versus non-LNM groups an AUC of 0.851 and 0.826 in primary and validation cohorts, respectively. The nomogram also indicated good discrimination with an AUC of 0.869 and 0.847 in the primary and validation cohorts, respectively. Furthermore, good calibration was demonstrated utilising the nomogram. CONCLUSIONS: An 18F-FDG PET/CT-based radiomics nomogram that integrates the radiomics signature and age was promoted to predict mediastinal LNM within NSCLC patients, which could potentially facilitate individualised therapy for mediastinal LNM before treatment. The nomogram was beneficial in clinical practice, as illustrated by decision curve analysis.

[Study on sIgE distribution characteristics and the sensitization pattern of allergen in 1 161 patients with allergic diseases of respiratory tract in northwest China].

Objective: To explore the allergen map of patients with allergic diseases in northwest China, to investigate the distribution characteristics of serum specific Immunoglobulin E (sIgE) in different ages, genders, diseases and the sensitization patterns of allergens. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study, a total of 1 161 patients with confirmed respiratory allergic diseases were selected retrospectively from outpatient or inpatient department of Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University and Tumor Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from June 2019 to October 2022. HAIKE ALLEOS 2000 fluorescent magnetic particle chemiluminescence method was used to quantify their serum for 12 inhaled allergen-specific IgE. Chi square test or Fisher's exact test were used for comparison between count data groups (Bonferroni correction was used for further pairwise comparison in multiple groups, two-sided P<0.05/3=0.017 considered that the difference was statistically significant). Pearson correlation analysis was used for correlation of continuous numerical variables. Results: The positive detection rate of sIgE in 1 161 patients was 66.8%(776/1 161). The three highest positive rate of inhaled allergen were mugwort(599/1 161, 51.6%), French chrysanthemum(565/1 161, 48.7%) and dandelion(412/1 161, 35.5%). In different age groups, the highest positive rate of sIgE was 7-18 age group(379/513, 73.9%) while the lowest positive rate was 4-6 age group(222/370, 60.0%), the difference between groups was statistically significant(χ2=21.177, P<0.001). The sensitization peak of mugwort, French chrysanthemum, plantain, timothy, birch, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, dermatophagoides farinae, cat epithelium, dog epithelium and German cockroach appeared in 7-18 age group. In different disease groups, the highest positive rate of sIgE was allergic rhinitis with asthma group (500/717, 69.7%) while the lowest positive rate was asthma group (76/144, 52.8%), the difference between groups was statistically significant(χ2=15.563, P<0.001). In different gender groups, the positive rate of sIgE in male (503/711, 70.7%) was higher than in female (273/450, 60.7%), the difference between groups was statistically significant(χ2=12.630, P<0.001). The multiple-sensitization rate was 86.9%(674/776) and the double-sensitization rate was 16.8%(130/776) in sIgE positive patients. Pearson correlation results showed that there was an extremely strong correlation between dandelion and French chrysanthemum(r=0.93,P<0.001). There was a strong correlation between mugwort and French chrysanthemum(r=0.64,P<0.001). In the co-sensitization analysis, the number of patients sensitized by mugwort, French chrysanthemum, dandelion, plantain and timothy accounted for 25.2%(170/674)of the total number of multiple sensitization. The number of patients sensitized by mugwort, French chrysanthemum and dandelion accounted for 58.3%(393/674)of the total number of multiple sensitization. The number of patients sensitized by mugwort, French chrysanthemum, dandelion and plantain accounted for 35.6%(240/674) of the total number of multiple sensitization. Conclusion: Mugwort, French chrysanthemum, dandelion are the major inhaled allergens in northwest China. The positive rate of sIgE was different in different ages, diseases and genders. The multiple-sensitization rate of allergen was high and there was a certain positive correlation between pollen allergen-specific IgE pairwise, suggesting that there may exist co-sensitization or cross-reactions among allergens.

[Ultrasound biomicroscopic differences between fellow eyes of acute angle-closure glaucoma and chronic angle-closure glaucoma].

Objective: To compare the structural differences of the anterior segment between fellow eyes of acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG) and the eyes of chronic angle-closure glaucoma (CACG) with milder glaucomatous damage. Methods: In this case-control study, patients with AACG (41 eyes) and CACG (46 eyes) without prior treatment in the glaucoma clinic of Peking University People's Hospital from September 2016 to October 2018 were enrolled. Ultrasound biomicroscopy was performed under dark condition. Parameters were measured on images including lens vault (LV), anterior chamber depth (ACD), iris thickness (IT750 and IT2000), angle-opening distance (AOD500 and AOD750), and trabecular iris angle (TIA500 and TIA750). The independent t-test was used to compare the continuous variables of the fellow eyes of AACG patients and the eyes of CACG patients with milder glaucomatous damage. After adjusting for age and gender, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the most important parameters that may distinguish AACG from CACG. Results: The mean age of AACG patients was (65±10) years old and the age of CACG patients was (67±12) years old (P>0.05). The ACD [(1.79±0.25) mm vs. (1.99±0.34) mm], IT750 [(0.39±0.07) mm vs. (0.43±0.05) mm], AOD500 [(0.12±0.06) mm vs. (0.15±0.07) mm], TIA500 (10.91°±5.23° vs. 13.93°±6.33°), and TIA750 (9.33°±5.02° vs. 13.93°±6.82°) were less and the LV [(0.99±0.44) mm vs. (0.72±0.30) mm] was greater in the fellow eyes of AACG as compared to the eyes of CACG with milder glaucomatous damage (all P<0.05). In the forward multivariate logistic regression analysis, every 1-degree decrease in TIA750 (odds ratio=0.872, 95%CI: 0.794 to 0.958, P<0.01) and every 1-mm increase in LV (odds ratio=14.138, 95%CI: 2.348 to 85.130, P<0.01) were significantly associated with AACG. Conclusions: Compared with the eyes of CACG with milder glaucomatous damage, fellow eyes of AACG have thinner peripheral iris thickness, narrower angle width, shallower ACD, and greater LV. LV and TIA750 may play important roles in distinguishing eyes predisposed to AACG or CACG. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2021, 57: 672-678).

[Research Progress on Metabolite Identification of Synthetic Cannabinoid New Psychoactive Substances].

ABSTRACT: Synthetic cannabinoids are currently a class of new psychoactive substances with the largest variety and most abused. Metabolite identification research can provide basic data for monitoring synthetic cannabinoids abuse, which is the current research hotspot. The main trend of structural modification of synthetic cannabinoid is to replace the fluorine atom on pentyl indole or indazole cyclopentyl with hydrogen atom, which greatly improves the biological activity of the compound. The main metabolic reactions include hydroxylation, fluoropentyl oxidative, ester hydrolyze, amide hydrolysis. Liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry has become the preferred choice for the structural identification of metabolites. This review mainly summarizes research on metabolism software prediction and human hepatocyte model, human liver microsomes model, rat in vivo model, zebrafish model and fungus C. elegans model in metabolite identification based on the structure and classification of synthetic cannabinoids.

Geolocation Inference of Forensic Individual Origin by Soil Metagenomic Analysis.

ABSTRACT: Objective To preliminarily discuss the feasibility of geolocation inference of forensic individual origin by soil metagenomic analysis. Methods The 33 soil samples from Heilongjiang, Qinghai and Tibet were collected, total bacterial DNA in the samples were extracted, and universal primers were used to amplify the V3 and V4 hypervariable region of bacterial 16S rDNA. The region was sequenced by high-throughput sequencing （HTS） with the MiSeq sequencer. Bioinformatics analysis such as species composition and sample comparison was performed on sequencing data. The richness index and diversity index were calculated based on operational taxonomic unit （OTU） results. Results A total of 2 720 149 sequences were generated by sequencing. Those sequences were clustered into 114 848 OTUs. The Chao1 indexes of soil microorganisms in Heilongjiang, Qinghai, and Tibet were 797.45, 745.11 and 535.98, respectively, and Shannon indexes were 6.46, 6.36 and 6.25, respectively. The number of bacterial species and the community diversity in the soil from high to low were Heilongjiang > Qinghai > Tibet. The composition of soil bacteria in three provinces at various classification levels were obtained, the dominant genuses in Heilongjiang were Chthoniobacteraceae DA101 and an unannotated genus of Thermogemmatisporaceae; the dominant genuses in Qinghai were an unannotated genus of Cytophagaceae and an unannotated genus of Nocardioidaceae; the dominant genuses in Tibet were an unannotated genus of Comamonadaceae and Verrucomicrobiaceae Luteolibacter. The results of principal co-ordinates analysis demonstrated that, according to the weighted UniFrac analysis, the three principle components represented 56.36% of the total variable, and according to the unweighted UniFrac analysis, the three principle components represented 34.81% of the total variable. The samples from the same province could be clustered together, and the species and content of soil microorganisms from different provinces were significantly different. Conclusion Based on the metagenomic analysis method, soil samples from different regions can be effectively distinguished, which has potential application value in geolocation inference of forensic individual origin in the future.

Advancements in Single-cell Sequencing and the Prospect of Its Forensic Application.

ABSTRACT: Single-cell sequencing is a technique that analyzes DNA and RNA sequences on the cellular level with next generation sequencing. The ultra high resolution of single-cell sequencing provides new perspectives and opens new frontiers for our understanding of many areas of life sciences, including forensic genome. This paper summarizes the recent advancements in single-cell sequencing and the prospect of its forensic application.

The association of fruit and vegetable consumption with changes in weight and body mass index in Chinese adults: a cohort study.

OBJECTIVES: Findings regarding the benefits of fruit and vegetables (FV) on weight control are inconsistent and little is known among Chinese populations. Therefore, we examined the relationship between change in FV consumption, weight, and change in body mass index (BMI) among Chinese adults, participants of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). STUDY DESIGN: A prospective cohort study. METHODS: Two waves of CHNS conducted in 2006 and 2011 were used. Continuous FV consumption increase was considered as the exposure and changes in weight and BMI as outcomes. Change in FV consumption was categorized into quintiles. Analysis of covariance and multiple linear regression models, after controlling for potential confounders such as energy intake, physical activity, and smoking, were used to describe the relationship between change in FV consumption and change in weight and BMI. RESULTS: A total of 4357 participants aged 18-65 years were included in this study. The respective weight and BMI gains in male individuals were 1.81 kg and 0.73 kg/m2 in the fifth quintile of FV change relative to individuals in the first quintile (3.67 kg for weight gain and 1.48 kg/m2 for BMI gain). An increase in FV consumption by 100 g was associated with a 211 g weight loss (B = -2.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], -3.34, -0.89, P < 0.001) and a decrease in BMI by 0.94 kg/m2 (B = -0.94; 95% CI, -1.36, -0.46, P < 0.001) in men; and a 140 g weight loss (B = -0.14; 95% CI, -0.97, 0.69, P = 0.74) and a decrease in BMI by 0.29 kg/m2 BMI (B = -0.29; 95% CI, -0.63, 0.06, P = 0.11) in women. CONCLUSIONS: Increase in FV consumption was associated with statistically significant weight loss and decrease in BMI among Chinese men, and, although suggested, weight loss among women was not significant. Considering the protective effect of FV on human health, increasing FV consumption in the Chinese population is recommended.

[A promoter polymorphism of CD55 effect on the risk of esophageal cancer].

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the genetic variation of CD55 promoter and the risk of esophageal cancer. Methods: A total of 700 esophageal cancer patients recruited between April 2008 and December 2012 at Tangshan Grongren Hospital and Tangshan Renmin Hospital, and 700 frequency matched controls were randomly selected from a pool of cancer free subjects recruited from a nutritional survey. Genotypes of CD55 rs2564978 polymorphism among all subjects were conducted by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The OR and 95%CI were calculated by non-conditional Logistic regression to evaluate the association of CD55 rs2564978T/C polymorphism with the risk of esophageal cancer. Results: The average age of cases and control was (60.04±9.19) and (59.21±9.98) years old. Compared with CD55 rs2564978 TT carriers, the individuals with CC genotype had a significantly higher risk of esophageal cancer (OR=1.94, 95%CI:1.42-2.66) . When stratified by sex, this genetic variation affected the risk of esophageal cancer among both males (OR=1.92, 95%CI:1.37-2.70) and females (OR=2.34, 95%CI:1.04-5.27). When stratified by age, the CD55 rs2564978 CC was associated with the susceptibility of developing esophageal cancer among younger individuals (OR=1.79, 95%CI:1.19-2.68) and older people (OR=2.32, 95%CI:1.41-3.83).When stratified by drinking status, CC genotype carriers increase the risk of esophageal cancer when drinking (OR=1.93, 95%CI:1.03-3.63) or not drinking (OR=1.95, 95%CI:1.36-2.80). When stratified by smoking status, CC genotype was associated with the risk of esophageal cancer among non-smokers (OR=1.79, 95%CI: 1.13-2.83), light smokers (less than 30 packs/year, OR=1.86, 95%CI:1.31-2.64) and heavy smokers (more than 30 packs/year, OR=2.67, 95%CI:1.28-5.57). Gene-environmental interaction analysis showed that CD55 rs2564978T/C polymorphism interacted with smoking status to increase the risk of esophageal cancer. Conclusion: CD55 rs2564978 polymorphism effects on the risk of esophageal cancer.

[Effects of ubiquitin-specific proteases 2-69 on proliferation of breast cancer cells].

Objective: To investigate the expression and significance of ubiquitin-specific proteases 2-69(USP2-69) in invasive ductal carcinoma of breast. Methods: Twenty-four cases of human breast tissue with invasive ductal carcinoma diagnosed at Huanshan Hospital, Fudan University from 2013 to 2015 were collected, and the expression of USP2-69 mRNA and protein was detected by molecular hybridization, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. USP2-69 was over-expressed in cultured human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 by USP2-69 plasmid transfection. The cellular proliferative activity was investigated in vitro. Results: The USP2-69 mRNA and protein were highly expressed in breast invasive ductal carcinoma, compared to adjacent normal tissues (P<0.01). Ki-67 protein expression was also increased in cases with high USP2-69 protein level. Western blot showed significantly higher USP2-69 protein level in cancer tissue compared to the adjacent normal tissue. In the cultured tumor cells, there was increased S phase fraction, cellular proliferation rate, flat positive clones, cyclin D1 expression and decreased p27 expression in USP2-69-transfected MCF-7 cells. Conclusions: USP2-69 is over-expressed in breast invasive ductal carcinoma, and is closely related to proliferation promoting effects. The data provide an important experimental basis for further study on the molecular mechanism of breast cancer cell proliferation.

[A novel VSX1 gene mutation identified in a sporadic keratoconus patient from China].

Objective: To investigate the possibility of the visual system homeobox 1 (VSX1) gene as a candidate susceptibility gene for Chinese patients with sporadic keratoconus, and to identify sequence variants of the VSX1 gene in such patients. Methods: Cross-sectional study. Genomic DNA was extracted from the leukocytes in the peripheral venous blood of 50 patients with sporadic keratoconus and 50 control subjects without this ocular disorder. Five exons and the intron-exon splicing of the VSX1 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were directly sequenced and compared to the GeneBank database to find mutations. Bioinformatics analysis was done to predict the influence of these mutations on proteins. Results: One novel missense heterozygous mutation (p.R131P) was found in exon 1 of the VSX1 gene in one keratoconus patient. Another heterozygous mutation (p.G160V) in exon 2 was found in two keratoconus patients. These mutations were not detected in the control subjects. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that the p.R131P mutation may not cause a pathogenic change, but the p.G160V mutation might be functionally deleterious. In intron 3 of the VSX1 gene, the nucleotide substitution of g.8326G>A was detected to be heterozygous in 3 cases of sporadic keratoconus and 4 cases of control and homozygous in 2 cases of sporadic keratoconus and 1 case of control. The variation of g.8326G>A belonged to a single polymorphism change of the VSX1 gene. Conclusions: The p.R131P detected in this study is a novel mutation of the VSX1 gene. Sequence variants of the VSX1 gene were identified for the first time in Chinese patients with sporadic keratoconus, but their precise role in disease causation requires further investigations. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2018, 54: 212-217).

[Identification of New Designer Benzodiazepine Diclazepam in Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault].

OBJECTIVES: To identify the new designer drugs which are totally unknown and not in the routine testing list by the technologies such as high-resolution mass spectrometry in drug facilitated sexual assault, in order to solve the problem in actual cases. METHODS: The milky fluid from an actual case was extracted and analyzed using LC-QE, ¹H-NMR and GC-MS, respectively. The accurate masses and cluster ions isotope patterns of unknown compound were obtained by LC-QE. The molecular formula was confirmed as C16H12C2N2O based on the protons number of ¹H-NMR. The isomers diclazepam and 4-chlorodiazepam were separated and detected with GC-MS. RESULTS: The new designer benzodiazepine as diclazepam in the milky fluid was identified. The results provided direct evidence for the investigation and qualitative analysis of such cases. CONCLUSIONS: The combined application of various methods, including LC-QE, ¹H-NMR and GC-MS, can be used to detect unknown new psychoactive substances.

Differential gene expression in the peripheral blood of Chinese Sanhe cattle exposed to severe cold stress.

Livestock is an important food resource for the inhabitants of cold regions, such as northern Asia and alpine regions, where agriculture is limited. In these regions, cold stress largely affects livestock production, thereby reducing the productivity and survival of animals. Despite the importance of breeding cold-tolerant animals, few studies have investigated the effects of cold stress on cattle. Furthermore, whether severe cold stress alters gene expression or affects molecular genetic mechanisms remains unknown. Thus, we investigated gene expression changes in the peripheral blood samples of the Chinese Sanhe cattle exposed to severe cold. A total of 193 genes were found to exhibit significant alteration in expression (P < 0.05; fold change > 1.3), with 107 genes showing upregulation and 86 showing downregulation after cold exposure. The differences in the expression of 10 selected genes were further validated by real-time qRT-PCR. Further analyses showed that these differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were predominantly associated with important biological pathways and gene networks, such as lipid metabolism and cell death and survival, which are potentially associated with severe cold-stress resistance. Identification and description of these cold stress-induced DEGs might lead to the discovery of novel blood biomarkers that could be used to assess cold-stress resistance in cattle. To our knowledge, this is the first genomic evidence of differences in the transcript expression pattern in cattle exposed to severe cold stress. Our findings provide insights on the potential molecular mechanisms underlying cold-stress response in cattle.

[Identification of Methamphetamine Abuse and Selegiline Use： Chiral Analysis of Methamphetamine and Amphetamine in Urine].

OBJECTIVES: To study the content variation of selegiline and its metabolites in urine, and based on actual cases, to explore the feasibility for the identification of methamphetamine abuse and selegiline use by chiral analysis. METHODS: The urine samples were tested by chiral separation and LC-MS/MS method using CHIROBIOTIC™ V2 chiral liquid chromatography column. The chiral analysis of methamphetamine and amphetamine were performed on the urine samples from volunteers of selegiline use and drug addicts whom suspected taking selegiline. RESULTS: After 5 mg oral administration, the positive test time of selegiline in urine was less than 7 h. The mass concentrations of R（-）-methamphetamine and R（-）-amphetamine in urine peaked at 7 h which were 0.86 µg/mL and 0.18 µg/mL and couldn't be detected after 80 h and 168 h, respectively. The sources of methamphetamine and amphetamine in the urine from the drug addicts whom suspected taking selegiline were analysed successfully by present method. CONCLUSIONS: The chiral analysis of methamphetamine and amphetamine, and the determination of selegiline's metabolites can be used to distinguish methamphetamine abuse from selegiline use.

[Application of Metagenomics in Forensic Identification].

With the development of molecular biology and genomics, metagenomics is playing a more important role in forensic science and forensic identification. In recent years, as a branch discipline studying the composition profile and diversity of microbe flora as well as studying the interaction within microbe and with environment, the application of metagenomics has gradually risen and brought new opportunities for forensic identification-related area. In this review, strategy of metagenomics and its application in forensic identification including individual identification, origin determination of biological stain in crime scene and drug abuse detection are summarized. This article aims to elucidate the role and application value of metagenomics in forensic science.

[Genes Expression in the Early Stage of Acute Renal Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Rats].

OBJECTIVES: To study the differential genes expression in the early stage of acute renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and explore potential molecular mechanisms. METHODS: The ischemia-reperfusion model was made via clamping renal artery of rat. The microarray detection and bioinformatics analyzing of the genes expression were performed. Differentially expressed genes were screened and related cellular activities and signaling pathways were analyzed in early stage of acute kidney injury. Meanwhile, molecules closely relative to acute kidney injury were explored by establishing a biological network of the differentially expressed genes, and the results were verified by real-time PCR. RESULTS: A total of 151 genes showed differential expression in this study, including 132 up-regulated and 19 down-regulated genes. Cell proliferation, cytokines mediated signaling transduction and immune responses were greatly enriched by GO and KEGG analysis. The results of real-time PCR showed that compared with control groups, three selected genes （ANXA1, PHLDA1 and KLF6） which related to the acute kidney injury had an obvious differential expression in the early stage of disease. The multiple of increase was essentially the same as the multiple detected by microarray. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows differential gene expression profile, related biological processes and signaling pathways involved in the early stage of acute kidney injury. ANXA1, PHLDA1 and KLF6 may play a role in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury.

Association between the ERCC2 rs13181 polymorphism and the risk of glioma: a meta-analysis.

Several studies have focused on the association between the ERCC2 rs13181 polymorphism and glioma risk, but the results were inconclusive. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to investigate the role of ERCC2 rs13181 on the risk of glioma. We searched and collated the relevant studies in both Chinese and English through the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases published through June 1, 2014. A total of 11 studies for ERCC2 rs13181 were selected; these included 3456 glioma cases and 4957 controls. Using fixed-effects model analysis, we found that no significant difference could be identified between the ERCC2 rs13181 polymorphism and the risk of glioma. Subgroup analysis showed that the ERCC2 rs13181 GT and TT genotypes were significantly associated with an increased risk of glioma in the Chinese population [odds ratio (OR) = 1.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.17-1.85; and OR = 1.50, 95%CI = 1.02-2.22, respectively], but no significant increased risk of glioma was detected with these genotypes in the Caucasian populations. No publication bias was identified in this meta-analysis. Our meta-analysis strongly suggested that ERCC2 rs13181 was associated with a higher susceptibility to glioma in the Chinese population.

[The analysis of unconventional lymph node metastasis in tongue squamous cell carcinoma].

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of cervical lymph node metastasis in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted. A total of 329 patients with TSCC who underwent en bloc resection of primary tumor and neck dissection in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from June 2010 to March 2018 were included. There were 283 males and 46 females, aged from 26 to 80 years. All patients underwent the modified neck dissection. The main difference between the modified neck dissection and the traditional neck dissection lay in the managements of unconventional lymph nodes. The lymphatic adipose tissues adjacent to the superior thyroid artery, the base of facial artery and the branches of external carotid artery were thoroughly dissected. The primary tumor as well as lingual artery, tissues along the lingual artery and lymph nodes in the mouth floor were resected. χ2 test was used for comparison of count data, and linear regression model was used for multivariate analysis. Results: Cervical lymph node metastases were found in 136 patients (41.3%). Among 142 patients (T1-2cN0) with supraomohyoid neck dissection, 22 patients had pathologically occult lymph node metastases (15.5%), with a 5-year overall survival rate of 90.2%, which was similar to the 5-year overall survival rate of 92.1% in 120 patients without lymph node metastasis (χ2=0.156, P=0.693). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that T stage, clinical stage and unconventional lymph node metastasis were important factors for cervical lymph node metastasis in tongue cancer patients (P<0.05). Unconventional lymph node metastases occurred in 30 patients (9.1%), including the metastases of lymph nodes in the floor of mouth (3.0%), the lingual artery (2.4%), the base of the external maxillary artery (2.1%), the superior thyroid artery (0.9%), and the external carotid artery (0.6%). There were significant differences in the unconventional lymph node metastasis rates between patients with negative and positive conventional lymph node metastases [4.9%(10/203) vs. 15.9%(20/126), χ2=11.242, P=0.001] and also between patients with depth of invasion ≤5 mm, 5 mm 10 mm [3.1%(2/64) vs. 5.7%(6/106) vs. 13.8%(22/159), χ2=7.907, P=0.005]. Conclusion: Supraomohyoid neck dissection can achieve reliable control efficacy in patients with cN0 tongue cancer. All patients with lymph node dissection should undergo unconventional lymph node dissection. Unconventional lymph node dissection is strongly recommended for patients with conventional lymph node metastasis.

Efficacy and safety of 15(R/S)-methyl-lipoxin A(4) in topical treatment of infantile eczema.

BACKGROUND: Lipoxins are potential anti-inflammatory mediators and serve as an endogenous 'braking signal' in the inflammatory process. Accumulating evidence has indicated the efficacy of lipoxin A(4) (LXA(4) ) and its analogs in the treatment of many animal models of inflammatory diseases. OBJECTIVES: This study investigates the efficacy and safety of 15(R/S)-methyl-lipoxin A(4) in the topical treatment of infantile eczema. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this two-centre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel-groups comparative study, 60 patients were randomly assigned to receive either the 15(R/S)-methyl-lipoxin A(4) cream, mometasone furoate (Eloson, Schering-Plough, Shanghai, China) or placebo for 10days. The efficacy was determined using the Severity Scale Score (SSS), Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) and the Infants' Dermatitis Quality of Life Index (IDQOL). Safety was monitored by physical examination, laboratory investigation and documentation of clinical adverse events. RESULTS: The treatment of eczema with 15(R/S)-methyl-LXA(4) cream significantly relieved the severity, induced a recovery, and improved the quality of life of the patients, as demonstrated by significantly reduced SSS, EASI and IDQOL, respectively, in a way similar to the efficacy of Eloson. All safety parameters remained within normal limits. No clinical adverse event was found in the three patient groups. CONCLUSIONS: 15(R/S)-methyl-LXA(4) was well tolerated, and significantly reduced the severity of eczema. The results of this small exploratory study suggest that 15(R/S)-methyl-LXA(4) warrants further investigation in the treatment of eczema.