[Arthrobacter proteinase and its effect on fibrin thrombi]. / Proteinaza artrobakterii i ee deistvie na fibrinobye tromby.

Arthrobacteria are producers of proteolytic enzymes. Optimal cultivation conditions were determined for Arthrobacter luteus and the mineral composition of the culture medium providing active synthesis of proteinase was optimized. The proteinase was isolated from the culture liquid of Arthrobacter luteus using preparative ion-exchange chromatography on a carboxyl cation exchange resin KMT. The enzyme was homogeneous according to gel chromatography on Sephadex G-200 and had a molecular weight of 24 kD. The fibrinolytic activity of the proteinase is comparable with that of trypsin.

[Catalase inactivation during storage in solution and its stabilization by polysaccharides of microbial origin]. / Inaktivatsiia katalazy pri khranenii v rastovrakh i stabilizatsiia ee polisakharidami mikrobnogo proiskhozhdenii

It has been experimentally shown that the rate of inactivation of pure catalase in solution does not obey the kinetics of the first order. The kinetics of denaturation taking into account partial stabilization of catalase due to the formation of intermolecular complexes of native molecules with denatured molecules has been derived. Using the equation, the rate of catalase inativation during storage in pure solutions has been calculated from the experimental data. Polysaccharides of microbial origin can also stabilize catalase. The kinetics of catalase inactivation in the system where the enzyme and polysaccharide forms a reversibly dissociating complex has been described.

[Effect of normal and specific immune sera on neuraminidase activity]. / Vliianie normal'nykh i spetsificheskikh immunnykh syvorotok na aktivnost' neiraminidazy.

We have got evidence that there is no antigenic relationship reflecting the structural similarity between neuraminidases synthesized by noncholera vibrios and Arthrobacter nicotianae. The cross-reactions between the enzymes and heterological antisera were not observed. Antibodies against the A. nicotianae neuraminidase inhibited the activity of the enzyme for a glycomacropeptide of milk whey and for components of the blood serum, and had no effect no the neuraminidase from noncholera vibrios. Antibodies against the neuraminidase of noncholera vibrios inhibited only the activity of the homologous enzyme. Upon gel-filtration on Sephadex G-200 the antibodies inhibiting the activity of the enzymes under study were found in the fraction of 7S-gamma-globulins.

[Sorption properties of carboxyl cation exchangers with a bacteriostatic effect]. / Sorbtsionnye svoistva karboksil'nykh kationitov, obladaiushchikh bakteriostaticheskim deistviem.

Sorption properties of new carboxyl cation exchangers containing components of salicylic acid (CST and CMTS) and benzoic acid (CBT and CMTB) were examined with respect to large organic ions. Such cation exchangers were shown to have greater permeability for high molecular weight proteins that sorbents of the Biocarb type. Bacteriostatic properties of the above cation exchangers were studied. With an increase in the content of the bactericidal component the bacteriostatic effect of the cation exchangers on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus enhanced. The cation exchangers CST and CMTS showed a greater bacteriostatic effect than those CBT and CMTB.

Cellulose materials modified by antiseptics and their antimicrobial properties.

Adsorption properties of dressing cellulose materials with respect to surfactant antiseptics were studied. These antiseptics are a complex of the copolymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone and crotonic acid with dimethylbenzylalkylammonium chloride (a synthetic polymer with a wide spectrum of antimicrobial effect) and its low molecular weight analogue (dimethylbenzylalkylammonium chloride). It was established that cellulose materials reversibly adsorb mentioned surfactant antiseptics depending on their concentration in the initial solutions. Maximum release of surfactant antiseptics is achieved at solutions at pH = 7.0. Microbiological tests of cellulose materials modified by antiseptics have shown that they exhibit antimicrobial activity. These results can be used in medical practice in clinics for imparting antimicrobial properties to dressing materials.

[On the effect of immune and normal sera on catalase]. / O deistvii na katalazu immunnykh i normal'nykh syvorotok

Effect of specific immune and normal sera on catalase was studied. The sera activated the enzyme, partially protected catalase against UV-irradiation and heating and also against the effect of inhibitors. Antibodies against catalase were observed in the fraction of 7 S gamma-globulins of immune serum. In studies of heat denaturation of catalase the stabilizing effect of immune serum was more distinct than the influence of normal serum and its protein fractions. In presence of serum protein fractions there was a correlation between the enthalpy of heat denaturation of catalase and decrease in specificity of the protein, in respect to the enxyme, associated with it in a complex. Alterations in enthropy compensated completely the decrease in enthalpy.

[The ultrasonic diagnosis of the changes in the kidneys in renal forms of acute kidney failure]. / Ul'trazvukovaia diagnostika izmenenii v pochkakh pri renal'nykh formakh ostroi pochechnoi nedostatochnosti.

An ultrasonic investigation of the kidneys in patients with renal forms of acute renal failure (32 and 24 with ethylene glycol poisoning and leptospirosis, respectively) recorded in the oligo-anuric phase a specific ultrasonic picture of renal lesion demonstrable as long as full recovery of impaired functions. The picture was characterized by enlargement of the kidneys with good differentiation of the pyramids in enhanced parenchymal echogenicity. Ethylene glycol poisoning is characterized by limited renal mobility and an echo negative halo around them. These signs may appear helpful in the diagnosis of renal forms of acute renal failure.

[Antibacterial action of the polymeric antiseptic catapol]. / Antibakterial'noe deistvie polimernogo antiseptika katapol.

Activity of a polymer derivative of catamine AB, the antiseptic catapol, against gram positive and gram negative bacteria was studied. The effect of catapol on structural components of bacterial cells and permeability of bacterial cell membranes was investigated. The possibility of varying the susceptibility of bacteria to catapol and the effect of catapol on bacteria susceptible to antibiotics were evaluated. It was shown that by its in vitro antibacterial activity, catapol does not significantly differ from catamine AB.

[The antimicrobial activity and acute toxicity of the polymer salts of gentamycin]. / Issledovanie antimikrobnoi aktivnosti i ostroi toksichnosti polimernykh solei gentamitsina.

By neutralization of copolymers of N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide with acrylic acid and copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone with crotonic and p-crotonoylaminophenoxyacetic acids in the presence of gentamycin, water-soluble polymer salts containing from 10 to 25 mass% of gentamycin were obtained. These salts regardless of gentamycin content completely retain high level of antimicrobial activity of gentamycin against Staphylococcus spp. and Escherichia coli and are characterized by less (by more than one order of magnitude) acute toxicity.