[The results of monitoring of antigen types of rotaviruses of group A on the territory of the Russian Federation in 2011-2015.]

The data of seasonal monitoring are presented concerning antigen types of rotaviruses group A circulating on the territory of the Russian Federation in the periods of seasonal uprising of morbidity in 2011-2015. Annually, the study included from 10 to 12 subjects of the Russian Federation with annual testing from 444 to 728 samples from children aged younger than 5 years with acute infection diarrhea. In the seasons of 2011-2012, 2012-2013, 2013-2014, 2014-2015 the most prevalent [P] G types of rotaviruses correspondingly made up to: G4[P]8 -50.2%-36.5%-43.8%-1.6%; G1[P]8 - 26.6%-14.3%-27.3%-22.5%; G3[P]8 - 4.4%-23.7%-4.2%-2.0%; G9[P]8 - 4.3%-5.3%-10.1%-7.1%; G2[P]4 - 7.7%-7.9%-9.0%-3.1%. The expressed territorial irregularity of prevalence of antigen types of retroviruses was observed.

[INTESTINE MICROBIOTA IN CHILDREN WITH OBESITY AND ALLERGIC DISEASES].

AIM: Study intestine microflora in children with obesity and evaluate its association with allergic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 66 children with various body weight aged 3 to 17 years were included into the study. Intestine microflora study in children was carried out according to the order of the Ministry of Health of Russian Federation No. 231 of 09.06.2003 "Regarding approval of sectoral standard "Patient management protocol. Intestine dysbacteriosis" (SST 91500.11.0004-2003). RESULTS: In healthy children depending on body weight an increase of the number of Firmicutes type microorganisms and a decrease of the number of microbes, belonging to Bacteroidetes type, was detected. The presence of allergic pathology was accompanied by a decrease of the number of Bacteroidetes and the presence of Bacillus and Staphylococcus aureus regardless of the body weight. At the same time, in all the children an increase of the content of Clostridium with the increase of body mass was noted. CONCLUSION. The data obtained have revealed an association of changes in intestine microbiota with the development of obesity and allergopathology.

[Species and quantitative characteristics of pharyngeal mucosa microflora in pregnant women].

AIM: Species and quantitative characteristics of upper respiratory tract (URT) mucosa microflora in women at gestation period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of a bacteriological study of 68 samples of mucus from posterior pharyngeal wall in women at gestation period (from 14 weeks), 52 of those--from pregnant women with acute respiratory infection (ARI) symptoms and 16--from women without signs of disease, are presented. Qualitative and quantitative composition of microflora was studied by a generally accepted bacteriological method. RESULTS: During primary bacteriological study 111 microorganism cultures were isolated. 88 (79.3%) of strains belonged to Gram-positive flora, 20 (18.0%)--to Gram-negative, and Candida genus fungi constituted 3 (2.7%) isolates. Streptococcus pyogenes and Moraxella catarrhalis were isolated from pregnant women with ARI signs at 23.1% and 5.8% frequency of occurrence, respectively. A higher detectability of Staphylococcus aureus--in 31.3% and Candida spp.--in 6.3% of women who did not complain as opposed to patients with URT lesions (in 21.2 and 3.9%, respectively) was determined. In patients without ARI signs the amount of bacteria did not exceed 10(5)--10(6) CFU/ml, in pregnant women with ARI diagnosis in 8 of 52 cases semination of pharyngeal mucuswas observed--10(7)--10(8) CFU/ml. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of S. aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, S. pyogenes, Streptococcus mutans in composition of pharyngeal mucus microflora of pregnant women both with URT lesion signs and without them was shown, however the degree of semination by pathogens in the groups was different that determined the severity of disease manifestations.

[Clinical course of acute respiratory infection and the state of microbiocenosis of upper respiratory tract in pregnant women].

AIM: Evaluate clinical features of the course of acute respiratory infection (ARI) and the state of microbiocenosis of nasopharynx of pregnant women at gestational term of 14 - 26 weeks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: At the stage of outpatient therapy of ARI 49 pregnant women at the gestational term of 14 - 26 weeks were examined: group 1--27 individuals consulting at day 1 and receiving Viferon (gel) intranasally for 10 days, group 2--22 individuals consulting at day 2 - 3 and receiving Viferon (gel and suppositorium). Respiratory viral infection was diagnosed by multiplex PCR. Bacteriologic study of discharge from the middle section of the pharynx was performed by the standard technique. RESULTS: ARI in group 1 of pregnant women were regarded as mild severity and persisted for an average of 3 days. In group 2 in 13 (59%) of patients ARI of moderate severity was noted and the recovery occurred at day 6. Pyo-inflammatory diseases of ENT organs appeared in 10 (45.4%) of patients. Respiratory infections were determined in 16 (32.7%) of them: coronaviruses--in 5 (10.2%), rhinoviruses--in 3 (6.2%), respiratory syncytial viruses--in 6 (12.3%), parainfluenza (type 2) and influenza A viruses--1 (2%) both, without significant differences between the observed groups. Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mitis, Moraxella catarrhalis, Corynebacterium spp., Streptococcus pyogenes with the predominance of the latter in 36.7% and 60% of cases, respectively, in pregnant women of the group 2 (p < 0.01), were detected in the microflora of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx. CONCLUSION: Viferon preparation therapy prescribed at day 1 of outpatient visit of pregnant women may promote mild course o fARI and prophylaxis of complications of upper respiratory tract.

[Poststroke cognitive impairment and the possibility of its nonpharmacological treatment with vestibular stimulation based on biological feedback to supporting reaction]. / Kognitivnye narusheniia posle insul'ta i vozmozhnosti ikh nefarmakologicheskoi korrektsii s primeneniem vestibuliarnoi stimuliatsii na osnove biologicheskoi obratnoi sviazi po opornoi reaktsii.

Cognitive impairment is common in poststroke patients. Today in rehabilitation programs the specialists use the vestibular stimulation including biological feedback to supporting reaction for treatment poststroke cognitive impairment. These studies show the relationship of vestibular function with memory, attention, spatial orientation, navigation, mental representation of three-dimensional space and other cognitive functions. It makes possible to build rehabilitation programs for patients with stroke.

[Multimodal stimulation in the neurorehabilitation of patients with poststroke cognitive impairment]. / Mul'timodal'naya stimulyatsiya v neiroreabilitatsii patsientov s postinsul'tnymi kognitivnymi narusheniyami.

Loss of functional activity after a stroke is a leading cause of disability in adults worldwide. Particular attention is currently being paid to post-stroke cognitive impairment. Approaches based on multimodal exposure are increasingly being used when planning rehabilitation programs, which makes it possible to comprehensively cover the entire spectrum of existing neurological disorders in patients and enables to achieve a more effective recovery of functional activity after a stroke.

Glucocorticoids upregulate high-affinity, high-density lipoprotein binding sites in rat hepatocytes.

Glucocorticoid hormones (GL) regulate high-density lipoprotein (HDL) plasma concentrations by increasing synthesis and secretion of HDL by the liver. However, little is known about the effect of GL on the uptake and processing of HDL by hepatocytes (HEP). To investigate this question, we studied the effects of dexamethasone (DEX) on the expression of high-affinity HDL-binding sites via the specific binding and internalization of iodine-labeled apolipoprotein E (apo E)-free HDL3 in a culture of rat HEP. Specific binding and internalization of HDL3 decreased by 60% in cells cultured in the absence of DEX for 48 hours. At concentrations of 10(-7) and 10(-5) mol/L, DEX prevented the decrease, maintaining specific binding and internalization versus the control level (at 24 hours). HDL-binding sites with a Kd of 20 micrograms/mL were revealed on the surface of cultured HEP. HEP demonstrated a greater binding capacity in the presence of DEX at concentrations of 10(-7) and 10(-5) mol/L (125 v 45 ng/mg cell protein). The effect of the hormone has demonstrated to be dose-dependent at concentrations between 10(-9) and 10(-7) mol/L, leveling off at 10(-7). Higher concentrations did not induce a further increase in specific binding and internalization. Withdrawal of the hormone from culture medium was associated with a decrease in specific binding of the ligand by 60% in the following 24 hours. To investigate the effect of glucocorticoid deficiency on liver uptake of HDL in vivo, specific binding and internalization were studied in a culture of HEP isolated from adrenalectomized rats (AER) at 2 hours after seeding.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Identification of the gene for the immunodominant p35 protein from vaccinia virus]. / Identifikatsiia gena immunodominantnogo belka p35 virusa ospovaktsiny.

A major immunodominant envelope protein p35 of vaccina virus was purified by means of extraction from virions with detergent NP-40. The protein was cleaved with CNBr, four homogenous peptides were isolated and their N-terminal amino acid sequences were determined. Computer search in a protein sequences data bank revealed that the immunodominant protein p35 of vaccinia virus is encoded by H3 gene in HindIII-H fragment of vaccinia virus genome.

[Problem in the diagnosis of anaerobic infections and dysbacteriosis in clinical dentistry]. / Problema diagnostiki anaérobnoi infektsii i disbakterioza v klinicheskoi stomatologii.

The fluorescence technique was proposed for rapid diagnosis of anaerobic infection. It determines the microbiocenosis of a wound, the gastrointestinal tract, maxillofacial region, and other pathologically changed organs and tissues. The technique allows one to follow the time course of changes in the microflora and in the pathological process during the treatment and follow-up of a patient. An attempt was made to establish a rapid diagnosis of intestinal dysbacteriosis and to evaluate its severity. A real-time feed-back unit was developed for the diagnosis of anaerobic infection. An anaerobic microflora model in dental caries was used to work out criteria for the informative value of the proposed technique and it was clinically tested.

[The immunological activity of the bacterial strain Escherichia coli M17 used in preparing a commercial preparation of colibacterin]. / Immunologicheskaia aktivnost' bakterii shtamma Escherichia coli M17, ispol'zuemogo pri izgotovlenii kommercheskogo preparata kolibakterina.

The toxicity, immunogenic properties and protective activity of the live culture of E. coli M17 and antigenic preparations obtained from cell suspensions of this strain have been studied under experimental conditions. As revealed in experiments on mice, E. coli M17 live culture has low virulence, moderate toxicity and provides the protection of immunized mice from challenge with homologous and highly virulent E. coli strains. E. coli M17 live culture, when introduced orally or intravenously into rabbits, ensures the synthesis of 02 and H6 antibodies. Blood sera taken from immunized rabbits yield better results than initial sera in experiments on the passive protection of mice. The results of our experiments show the expediency of the clinical trials of Colibacterin as a perspective Escherichia live oral vaccine.

[Vaccine from soluble antigens for the specific therapy of Proteus infection]. / Vaktsina iz rastvorimykh abtigenov dlia spetsificheskoi terapii proteinoi infektsii.

A vaccine prepared from Proteus soluble antigens obtained by the disintegration of microbial cells with hydroxylamine is proposed. In animal experiments the vaccine has proved to be nontoxic when injected in large single doses or in smaller doses over a prolonged period and capable of protecting mice and rabbits from Proteus infection. No pronounced postvaccinal complications have been registered in humans immunized with the vaccine. The possibility of using the vaccine for immunizing donors with the aim of obtaining hyperimmune anti-Proteus plasma and for the active vaccinal therapy of patients with Proteus infection has been shown.

[Anti-Escherichia antibodies in the blood sera from nonimmunized donors and in preparations of human immunoglobulin]. / Protivoésherikhioznye antitela v syvorotkakh krovi neimmunizirovannykh donorov i preparatakh immunoglobulina cheloveka.

The anti-Escherichia activity of 188 serum samples obtained from nonimmunized blood donors and 157 batches of the preparation of commercial normal human immunoglobulin were evaluated in the passive hemagglutination test with diagnostica containing E. coli antigens (serovars O2, O14, O26) and Kunin antigen, as well as Re-glycolipid Salmonella minnesota strain R595, used as sensitins. The study demonstrated that from sera of nonimmunized blood donors and from normal human immunoglobulin preparations 5-8% of batches containing anti-Escherichia antibodies to E. coli lipopolysaccharide (serovar O2) in titers of 1:640 and more could be selected. The study revealed that certain anti-Escherichia antibodies of commercial normal human immunoglobulin, to IgG.

[Effect of small doses of molybdenum on bioenergetics and adenine nucleotide metabolism]. / Vliianie malykh doz molibdena na protsessy bioénergetiki i obmena adenilovykh nukleotidov.

A mechanism of chronic molybdenum (Mo) intoxication development at doses 0.25 and 2.5 mg/kg is studied. Mo in these doses can change bioenergetic processes and adenine nucleotide metabolism. Criteria for early diagnosis of Mo effect on organism are suggested.

[Medical and social studies of sex behavior of adolescents]. / Mediko-sotsial'nye issledovaniia polovogo povedeniia podrostkov.

Due to economic and social causes, risky reproductive behavior of adolescents in modern Russia is characterized by a clear-cut tendency to an increasing discrepancy between physical, social, and psychological maturing of young people. The necessity of alteration of the sexual behavioral style of adolescents is dictated by necessity of retaining their reproductive health. Preventive educational programs can become one of the methods for attaining this purpose. However, a truly effective program determining the forms and methods of permissible effects on the adolescents can be developed only after profound studies of their knowledge in the sphere of sexual behavior. Such studies were carried out in 1994-1998 in Novosibirsk and its region by the Juventus Municipal Consultation and Diagnosis Center for Children and Adolescents. The detected tendencies are presented in the paper.

Studies on the N-terminal sequences of lectins isolated from the seeds of Butea frondosa.

Two lectin fractions (FI and FII) were obtained from seeds of Butea frondosa by affinity chromatography on a sorbent of macroporous glass coupled to the disaccharide alpha-D-GalNAc-(1----3)-beta-D-Gal. Both of these fractions, although different in their sugar specificity, were found on SDS-PAGE to consist of two polypeptide chains of 33 kDa and 35 kDa. In the native state the subunits associated to form a 250 kDa complex, possibly comprising four molecules of the 33 kDa polypeptide and four molecules of the 35 kDa polypeptide. The presence of a faint 70 kDa band when the 250 kDa complex was subjected to SDS-PAGE may indicate the existence of a sequential mechanism of aggregation. N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis revealed extensive homology between these lectins and those of other Leguminosae.

Amino acid sequence determination of vaccinia virus immunodominant protein p35 and identification of the gene.

A major immunodominant envelope protein of vaccinia virus (protein p35) was purified by extraction from virions with the nonionic detergent Nonidet P-40. The protein was cleaved with cyanogen bromide. Four homogeneous peptides were isolated and their N-terminal amino acid sequences determined. A computer search of a protein-sequence data bank revealed complete identity of the determined sequences with sequences 44-63, 144-149, 154-165, and 224-238 of ORF H3 of the HindIII-H fragment of the vaccinia virus genome (Rosel et al 1986). It has therefore been established that the immunodominant protein p35 of vaccinia virus is encoded by the gene in the HindIII-H fragment of the vaccinia virus genome.