ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Ethylhexylglycerin is a relatively new cosmetic ingredient that is used for its surfactant, emollient, skin-conditioning and antimicrobial properties. Since 2002, it has been occasionally reported as a contact allergen. OBJECTIVES: To report on 13 patients who presented with allergic contact dermatitis caused by ethylhexylglycerin, evaluated at two Belgian university patch test clinics during the period 1990-2015. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The patients were patch tested with the European baseline series, a cosmetic series, and - if indicated - additional series. Both the cosmetic products used and their single ingredients were patch tested. RESULTS: All but one of the ethylhexylglycerin-allergic patients were female, with a median age of 43 years (range: 29-81 years), most often suffering from dermatitis on the face, and sometimes on the hands and/or axillae. As the culprit products, leave-on cosmetics were identified, including a high number of proclaimed 'hypo-allergenic' and 'preservative-free' facial creams, sun protection creams, and deodorants. CONCLUSIONS: Ethylhexylglycerin is a rare, but highly relevant, cosmetic sensitizer, even in those products advertised to be safe for consumers. Targeted patch testing with ethylhexylglycerin 5% pet. is very useful, and routine patch testing in a cosmetic series may be considered. Higher test concentrations might be indicated in selected cases.
Subject(s)
Cosmetics/chemistry , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/etiology , Glyceryl Ethers/adverse effects , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Belgium , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Patch Tests , Product LabelingABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Ethylhexylglycerin (EHG) is a recently recognized contact allergen. OBJECTIVE: The aims of the study were to characterize individuals with positive patch test reactions to EHG and to analyze reaction strength, clinical relevance, and allergen sources. METHODS: This study was a retrospective analysis of the patients patch tested to EHG (5% petrolatum) by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group (2013-2018). RESULTS: Of 15,560 patients tested to EHG, 39 (0.25%) had positive (final interpretation of "allergic") reactions. Most were female (71.8%) and/or older than 40 years (76.9%). There were no statistically significant differences between age, sex, or atopic history when compared with EHG-negative patients. The most common anatomic sites of dermatitis were the face (28.2%) and scattered generalized distribution (25.6%). Most EHG-positive reactions were + (35.9%) or ++ (33.3%). Current clinical relevance was high (79.5%); none, however, were related to occupation. Personal care products were the most common source of exposure to EHG (59.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Ethylhexylglycerin is a rare contact allergen; the positive frequency of 0.25% is similar to other low allergenic preservatives including parabens, benzyl alcohol, and phenoxyethanol. The patch test concentration of 5.0% seems to be nonirritating. Although relatively uncommon, EHG reactions were usually clinically relevant (79.5%), often because of moisturizers/lotions/creams.
Subject(s)
Cosmetics/adverse effects , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/diagnosis , Glyceryl Ethers/adverse effects , Patch Tests/methods , Petrolatum/adverse effects , Adult , Allergens/adverse effects , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dermatitis, Allergic Contact/etiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Young AdultABSTRACT
Sixteen patients suffering from widespread malignant disease, the majority pretreated and found in poor general health, were treated in a phase I pilot study with the alkyl lysophospholipid derivative 1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine (ET-18-OCH3). Eleven patients were treated intravenously, and five were given oral therapy. Prolonged IV administration of 15-20 mg/kg/day at a concentration of 5 mg ET-18-OCH3 per 1 ml 20% human serum albumin could be continued safely. The maximum-tolerated dose was either 50 mg/kg as a single injection or 20 mg/kg during daily dispensions. Grade 2-4 toxicity, as pulmonary edema and impairment of hepatic function, then occurred during daily treatment. Toxicity was reversible. Mitogen stimulation and mixed lymphocyte culture studies revealed possible immunosuppressive effects of higher doses of ET-18-OCH3. There were no chromosomal changes in cytogenetic studies. Frequent post-mortem examinations revealed no further toxicity. IV and oral treatment showed few encouraging response data since there were two partial remissions in non-small cell lung cancers and a reduction of leukemic blasts to less than 10% in an acute myelomonocytic leukemia.