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1.
Int Urogynecol J ; 29(1): 81-89, 2018 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28894904

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgery is a common gynecological procedure. Our aim was to assess the influence of obesity and other risk factors on the outcome of anterior and posterior colporrhaphy with and without mesh. METHODS: Data were retrieved from the Swedish National Register for Gynecological Surgery on 18,554 women undergoing primary and repeat POP surgery without concomitant urinary incontinence (UI) surgery between 2006 and 2015. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for a sensation of a vaginal bulge, de novo UI, and residual UI 1 year after surgery. RESULTS: The overall subjective cure rate 1 year after surgery was 80% (with mesh 86.4% vs 77.3% without mesh, p < 0.001). The complication rate was low, but was more frequent in repeat surgery that were mainly mesh related. The use of mesh was also associated with more frequent de novo UI, but patient satisfaction and cure rates were higher compared with surgery without mesh. Preoperative sensation of a vaginal bulge, severe postoperative complications, anterior colporrhaphy, prior hysterectomy, postoperative infections, local anesthesia, and body mass index (BMI) ≥30 were risk factors for sensation of a vaginal bulge 1 year postsurgery. Obesity had no effect on complication rates but was associated increased urinary incontinence (UI) after primary surgery. Obesity had no influence on cure or voiding status in women undergoing repeat surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity had an impact on the sensation of a vaginal bulge and the presence of UI after primary surgery but not on complications.


Asunto(s)
Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Ginecológicos/estadística & datos numéricos , Prolapso de Órgano Pélvico/cirugía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Reoperación/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Ginecológicos/efectos adversos , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/complicaciones , Satisfacción del Paciente , Prolapso de Órgano Pélvico/complicaciones , Estudios Prospectivos , Sistema de Registros , Factores de Riesgo , Mallas Quirúrgicas , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Resultado del Tratamiento , Incontinencia Urinaria de Esfuerzo/complicaciones , Enfermedades Vaginales/complicaciones , Adulto Joven
2.
Am J Obstet Gynecol ; 216(1): 53.e1-53.e9, 2017 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27593942

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Studies on the influence of body mass index, smoking, and mode of delivery on the occurrence of urinary incontinence after hysterectomy are required to provide women with information about how these factors influence continence after a hysterectomy. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to assess the impact of lifestyle factors such as body mass index, smoking, and delivery mode (vaginal/cesarean) on the incidence and remission of urinary incontinence after hysterectomy. STUDY DESIGN: This was a cohort study based on pre-, per-, and postoperative (1 year) data retrieved from the Swedish National Register for Gynecological Surgery on 16,182 hysterectomies performed because of a benign indication between 2006 and 2013. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for de novo urinary incontinence and postoperative remission of urinary incontinence, presented as adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: De novo urinary incontinence was reported by 8.5%, remission of urinary incontinence by 13.3%, and residual urinary incontinence by 16.1% after the hysterectomy. A body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 (odds ratio, 1.63, 95% confidence interval, 1.37-1.94), having undergone a vaginal delivery (odds ratio, 1.40, 95% confidence interval, 1.14-1.86), the presence of daily urge without incontinence prior to surgery (odds ratio, 1.77, 95% confidence interval, 1.47-2.13), and a uterine weight <500 g (odds ratio, 2.46, 95% confidence interval, 1.96-3.09) were associated with an increased risk of de novo urinary incontinence. A uterine weight >300 g (odds ratio, 1.98, 95% confidence interval, 1.69-2.33), body mass index <25 kg/m2 (odds ratio, 1.22, 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.47), prolapse (odds ratio, 2.25, 95% confidence interval, 1.60-3.18), or fibroids (odds ratio, 1.33, 95% confidence interval, 1.09-1.62) as indication for surgery and the absence of daily urge without incontinence preoperatively (odds ratio, 1.51, 95% confidence interval, 1.29-1.76) were associated with an increased remission of urinary incontinence. Vaginal compared with abdominal hysterectomy was associated with a decreased remission of urinary incontinence (odds ratio, 0.70, 95% confidence interval, 0.57-0.87). There was no effect of age or smoking or a difference between total and subtotal hysterectomy with regard to de novo urinary incontinence or remission of urinary incontinence after the hysterectomy. Residual urinary incontinence and de novo urinary incontinence significantly reduced satisfaction with surgery 1 year postoperatively compared with women without urinary incontinence. CONCLUSION: Vaginal delivery, obesity, and daily urge symptoms without incontinence prior to surgery increased de novo urinary incontinence and had a negative influence on the rate of remission of urinary incontinence after hysterectomy, which in turn influenced patients' satisfaction with surgery.


Asunto(s)
Parto Obstétrico/estadística & datos numéricos , Histerectomía , Obesidad/epidemiología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Fumar/epidemiología , Incontinencia Urinaria/epidemiología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Índice de Masa Corporal , Cesárea/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Oportunidad Relativa , Sobrepeso/epidemiología , Satisfacción del Paciente , Factores de Riesgo , Suecia/epidemiología , Incontinencia Urinaria de Urgencia/epidemiología , Adulto Joven
3.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand ; 95(1): 65-73, 2016 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26459279

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to study the impact of body mass index (BMI) and smoking on the outcome of hysterectomy and whether effects of these factors vary between abdominal, laparoscopic and vaginal hysterectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Pre-, per- and postoperative (8 weeks) data were retrieved from the Swedish National Register for Gynecological Surgery on 28 537 hysterectomies performed because of a benign indication between 2004 and 2013. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent factors affecting the rate of complications, presented as adjusted odds ratios (adjOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Overweight and obesity had the strongest impact on complications in the abdominal hysterectomy group. In women with a BMI ≥ 30 an increased adjOR could be seen for bleeding >1000 mL (2.90; 95% CI 2.23-3.77), peroperative complications (1.54; 95% CI 1.26-1.88), operation time >120 min (2.67; 95% CI 2.33-3.03), postoperative complications (1.21; 95% CI 1.08-1.34) and postoperative infections (1.73; 95% CI 1.50-1.99). With vaginal hysterectomy, the effect of BMI ≥ 30 could be seen in relation to excessive bleeding >500 mL (1.63; 95% CI 1.22-2.17) and operative time >120 min (2.00; 95% CI 1.60-2.50). With laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH), a BMI ≥ 30 had a higher adjOR for prolonged surgery (1.71; 95% CI 1.30-2.26). Smokers had an increased risk of postoperative infection in the abdominal hysterectomy (1.23; 95% CI 1.07-1.40) and vaginal hysterectomy groups (1.21; 95% CI 1.02-1.43) but not in the LH group. CONCLUSIONS: Body mass index and smoking had a negative effect with all hysterectomy approaches but to a lesser extent in vaginal and laparoscopic hysterectomies. This should be taken into consideration in advance of surgery to improve outcome.


Asunto(s)
Índice de Masa Corporal , Histerectomía Vaginal , Infecciones/epidemiología , Obesidad/epidemiología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Fumar/epidemiología , Abdomen/cirugía , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Pérdida de Sangre Quirúrgica , Femenino , Humanos , Histerectomía Vaginal/métodos , Complicaciones Intraoperatorias/epidemiología , Laparoscopía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/complicaciones , Tempo Operativo , Sobrepeso/complicaciones , Sobrepeso/epidemiología , Sistema de Registros , Fumar/efectos adversos , Suecia/epidemiología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto Joven
4.
Am J Obstet Gynecol ; 212(6): 755.e1-755.e27, 2015 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25724403

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to report the rates and types of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and female continence surgery performed in member countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in 2012. STUDY DESIGN: The published health outcome data sources of the 34 OECD countries were contacted for data on POP and female continence interventions from 2010-2012. In nonresponding countries, data were sought from national or insurer databases. Extracted data were entered into an age-specific International Classification of Disease, edition 10 (ICD-10)-compliant Excel spreadsheet by 2 authors independently in English-speaking countries and a single author in non-English-speaking countries. Data were collated centrally and discrepancies were resolved by mutual agreement. RESULTS: We report on 684,250 POP and 410,352 continence procedures that were performed in 15 OECD countries in 2012. POP procedures (median rate, 1.38/1000 women; range, 0.51-2.55 prolapse procedures/1000 women) were performed 1.8 times more frequently than continence procedures (median rate, 0.75/1000 women; range, 0.46-1.65 continence procedures/1000 women). Repairs of the anterior vaginal compartment represented 54% of POP procedures; posterior repairs represented 43% of the procedures, and apical compartment repairs represented 20% of POP procedures. Median rate of graft usage was 15.7% of anterior vaginal repairs (range, 3.3-25.6%) and 8.5% (range, 3.2-17%) of posterior vaginal repairs. Apical compartment repairs were repaired vaginally at a median rate of 70% (range, 35-95%). Sacral colpopexy represented a median rate of 17% (range, 5-65%) of apical repairs; 61% of sacral colpopexies were performed minimally invasively. Between 2010 and 2012, there was a 3.7% median reduction in transvaginal grafts, a 4.0% reduction in midurethral slings, and a 25% increase in sacral colpopexies that were performed per 1000 women. Midurethral slings represented 82% of female continence surgeries. CONCLUSION: The 5-fold variation in the rate of prolapse interventions within OECD countries needs further evaluation. The significant heterogeneity (>10 times) in the rates at which individual POP procedures are performed indicates a lack of uniformity in the delivery of care to women with POP and demands the development of uniform guidelines for the surgical management of prolapse. In contrast, the midurethral slings were the standard female continence surgery performed throughout OECD countries in 2012.


Asunto(s)
Incontinencia Urinaria/cirugía , Prolapso Uterino/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Ginecológicos/métodos , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Ginecológicos/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico , Adulto Joven
5.
Int Urogynecol J ; 26(3): 343-51, 2015 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25571863

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this observational study was to investigate the influence of body mass index (BMI) smoking and age on the cure rate, rate of complications and patient satisfaction with mid-urethral sling (MUS) procedures. METHODS: Pre-, peri- and postoperative (8 weeks and 1 year) data were retrieved from the Swedish National Register for Gynecological Surgery of MUS procedures (retropubic procedures, n = 4,539; transobturator procedures, n =1,769) performed between January 2006 and December 2011. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed between the outcome variables and BMI and smoking, presented as adjusted odds ratios (adjOR) with 95 % confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: Subjective 1-year cure rate was 87.4 % for all MUS procedures (88.3 % with the retropubic technique and 85.2 % with the transobturator technique (p = 0.002). Preoperative daily urinary leakage and urgency were more common with increasing BMI, but surgery reduced symptoms in all BMI groups. Lower cure rate was seen in women with a BMI >30 (0.49; CI 0.33-0.73), in diabetics (0.50; CI 0.35-0.74) and women aged > 80 years (0.18; CI 0.06-0.51). Perioperative complications were more common in the retropubic group (4.7 % vs 2.3 % in the transobturator group, p=0.001) and in women with BMI < 25. Smoking did not influence any of the outcome variables. CONCLUSIONS: The overall 1-year cure rate for MUS procedures was 87 %, but was negatively influenced by BMI >30, diabetes and age > 80 years. Perioperative complications were more common with the retropubic procedure than with the transobturator technique, and in women with a BMI < 25. Smoking did not impact on any of the studied outcome variables.


Asunto(s)
Índice de Masa Corporal , Estilo de Vida , Fumar/epidemiología , Cabestrillo Suburetral , Incontinencia Urinaria/epidemiología , Incontinencia Urinaria/cirugía , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Comorbilidad , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiología , Femenino , Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cabestrillo Suburetral/efectos adversos , Suecia , Resultado del Tratamiento
6.
Am J Obstet Gynecol ; 216(4): 426, 2017 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27856186
7.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol ; 222: 113-118, 2018 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29408741

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to evaluate surgical routes for benign hysterectomy in a Swedish population, including abdominal and minimally invasive surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Prospectively collected data from the Swedish National GynOp Registry 2009-2015: 13 806 hysterectomy cases were included: abdominal (AH, n = 7485), vaginal (VH, n = 3767), conventional laparoscopic (LH, n = 1539) and robotically-assisted (RAH, n = 1015). RESULTS: The VH group had the shortest operation time at 75 min, AH 97 min and RAH 104 min. LH was longest at 127 min (p < 0.005). The mean estimated blood loss was higher in the AH group (250 ml) compared to all minimally invasive surgery (MIS, 65-172 ml); p < 0.005). Conversion rates were 10% for LH, 4.8% for VH and 1.6% for RAH (p < 0.005). Hospitalization and patient-reported time to normal activities of daily living (ADL) were longer for AH compared to MIS (p < 0.005). Time to return to work was eight days longer in the AH group (35 days) compared with the MIS groups (p < 0.005). Complications were fewest in the VH group at 5.4% compared with AH 7.6% and RAH 8.7% (both p < 0.001), but did not significantly differ from the LH group at 6.6%. Overall patient satisfaction was reported to be 86-94% one year after surgery. CONCLUSION: Women operated on for benign hysterectomy with minimally invasive methods in Sweden 2009-2015 had reduced length of hospitalization, as well as time to resuming normal ADL and return to work, compared to AH. Postoperative outcome measures were improved by minimally invasive methods and MIS should preferably be used.


Asunto(s)
Histerectomía Vaginal/efectos adversos , Histerectomía/efectos adversos , Laparoscopía/efectos adversos , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Mínimamente Invasivos/efectos adversos , Satisfacción del Paciente , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/prevención & control , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Robotizados/efectos adversos , Actividades Cotidianas , Actitud del Personal de Salud , Pérdida de Sangre Quirúrgica/prevención & control , Femenino , Humanos , Histerectomía/instrumentación , Histerectomía Vaginal/instrumentación , Laparoscopía/instrumentación , Tiempo de Internación , Cuerpo Médico de Hospitales , Persona de Mediana Edad , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Mínimamente Invasivos/instrumentación , Tempo Operativo , Tamaño de los Órganos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Estudios Prospectivos , Sistema de Registros , Reinserción al Trabajo , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Robotizados/instrumentación , Suecia , Útero/patología , Útero/cirugía
8.
Neurourol Urodyn ; 26(6): 761-6, 2007.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17610271

RESUMEN

AIMS: To compare direct health care costs of treatment for stress urinary incontinence in Sweden with four different procedures: (i) open Burch colposuspension (OBC); (ii) laparoscopic colposuspension with sutures (LCS); (iii) laparoscopic colposuspension with mesh and staples (LCM), and (iv) Tension-free Vaginal Tape (TVT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A model was constructed representing a hospital with standardized surgical equipment, staff and average unit costs in 2003 Euros. The time used for anesthesia and surgery was calculated. Clinical data was collected from three different sources, a multicenter, randomized, prospective study comparing OBC with LCM with 1 year follow-up, a three-armed, prospective study where women were randomized to either OBC, LCM, or LCS with 1 year follow-up and a descriptive study reporting results of TVT with 5 year follow-up. Data collected from the studies and hospital cost data were put into the model to create the different cost elements. RESULTS: The total cost per individual, showed a lower cost for TVT compared to the other alternatives. The direct costs for a TVT, euro1,366 were only 56% of the costs for an OBC, euro2,431 (P < 0.001) and 59% of the costs for a LCS, euro2,310 (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: When using a model and comparing health care costs for surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence in Sweden, the TVT procedure generated a lower direct cost than both open and laparoscopic colposuspension.


Asunto(s)
Colposcopía/economía , Laparoscopía/economía , Cabestrillo Suburetral/economía , Incontinencia Urinaria de Esfuerzo/terapia , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Urogenitales/economía , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Costo de Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Laparoscopía/métodos , Periodo Posoperatorio , Suecia , Incontinencia Urinaria de Esfuerzo/economía , Incontinencia Urinaria de Esfuerzo/cirugía , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Urogenitales/métodos
9.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand ; 85(8): 986-92, 2006.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16862480

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The aim was to describe the short- and long-term results of treatment for urinary incontinence (UI) in women using the tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) procedure at a single unit and to identify factors predictive of successful outcome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Consecutive female patients (n = 707) treated for UI with the TVT procedure at Karlstad Hospital from November 1996 to June 2004 were included. After a standardized preoperative evaluation, the women were classified as having either stress urinary incontinence (SUI) or mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). The results of surgery were evaluated after 1, 2, and 5 years, by means of a postal questionnaire. An objective evaluation was performed after 5 years in a subsample of the first patients included (n = 59). Factors influencing the cure rate were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: The subjective cure rate was 83% after 1 year and 73% after 5 years. The objective cure rate was 83% in the subgroup after 5 years. Surgical time was 30+/-9 min (mean+/-SD). The rate of bladder perforations was 1.7%. In patients with MUI the cure rate was lower than in patients with SUI (after 5 years 54.9% versus 81.0%). Type of incontinence was the only independent variable found to influence surgical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The TVT procedure, performed in over 700 women at a single gynecological unit, was found to be a safe and efficient surgical procedure. Type of incontinence was the only independent variable found to predict for outcome of surgery.


Asunto(s)
Incontinencia Urinaria/cirugía , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Urológicos , Vagina/cirugía , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hospitales de Condado , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Suecia , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento
10.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand ; 84(8): 773-9, 2005 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16026404

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To compare open Burch colposuspension using sutures (OC) with laparoscopic colposuspension using sutures (LCS) and laparoscopic colposuspension using mesh and staples (LCM) in women with stress urinary incontinence. DESIGN: Prospective randomized trial. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. POPULATION: Women with genuine stress urinary incontinence or mixed incontinence with a predominantly stress component attending the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. METHODS: The women were assessed objectively using a 48-h frequency-volume chart, a 48-h pad test and a standardized stress test. Subjectively, the women were assessed by a questionnaire including influence on quality of life. The women were randomized to OC using sutures (n = 79), LCS (n = 53) or LCM (n = 79). Anaesthesia/operation time, blood loss, complications and other related surgical parameters were compared. Main outcome measures. Objective and subjective cure rate. RESULTS: Objective cure rates 1 year after surgery were significantly higher in the OC and LCS groups compared to the LCM group analyzed by a standardized stress test. Subjective findings were in concordance with the objective results. Performing an OC was less time consuming than performing a LCS and resulted in more blood loss compared to the two laparoscopic techniques. Patients in the LCM group had a shorter duration of catheter use and hospital stay. CONCLUSION: The use of sutures, irrespective of whether the surgical approach was laparoscopic or open surgery, was superior to the laparoscopic mesh and staple technique.


Asunto(s)
Colposcopía/métodos , Mallas Quirúrgicas , Grapado Quirúrgico/métodos , Incontinencia Urinaria/cirugía , Prolapso Uterino/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hospitales Universitarios , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Satisfacción del Paciente , Estudios Prospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Suturas , Suecia , Resultado del Tratamiento , Ultrasonografía , Incontinencia Urinaria/diagnóstico , Incontinencia Urinaria/etiología , Urodinámica , Prolapso Uterino/complicaciones , Prolapso Uterino/diagnóstico por imagen
11.
BJOG ; 111(9): 974-81, 2004 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15327613

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To compare open Burch colposuspension using sutures with laparoscopic colposuspension using mesh and staples in women with stress urinary incontinence. DESIGN: Multicentre, prospective randomised trial. SETTING: Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Borås County Hospital and Orebro University Hospital, Sweden. POPULATION: Women with genuine stress urinary incontinence or mixed incontinence with a predominantly stress component were included, and were randomised to either open colposuspension (n= 120) or laparoscopic colposuspension (n= 120). METHODS: Women were randomised to open colposuspension with sutures or laparoscopic colposuspension with polypropylene mesh and staples. Anaesthesia/operation time, blood loss, complications and other related surgical parameters were compared. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Objective and subjective cure rates from 48-hour frequency-volume chart, a 48-hour pad test and a subjective assessment of the woman's incontinence and quality of life performed one year after surgery. RESULTS: Objective and subjective cure rates were higher after open compared with laparoscopic colposuspension (P < 0.001). Quality of life was improved following surgery in both groups (P < 0.0001) and the improvement was significantly greater in the open colposuspension group (P < 0.05) with regard to physical activity. Performing an open colposuspension was less time consuming (P < 0.0001), resulted in more blood loss (P < 0.0001), longer catheterisation time (P < 0.01), greater risk of urinary retention (P < 0.01) and a longer hospital stay (P < 0.0001) compared with performing a laparoscopic colposuspension. The rate of serious complications was low in both groups. CONCLUSION: Open colposuspension had a higher objective and subjective cure rate one year after surgery but with a greater blood loss, greater risk of urinary retention and a longer hospital stay than laparoscopic colposuspension.


Asunto(s)
Colpotomía/métodos , Laparoscopía/métodos , Mallas Quirúrgicas , Grapado Quirúrgico/métodos , Técnicas de Sutura , Incontinencia Urinaria de Esfuerzo/cirugía , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Resultado del Tratamiento
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