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1.
Omega (Westport) ; : 302228231160900, 2023 Mar 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36876361

RESUMEN

End-of-life (EOL) doulas are emerging professionals who provide an intimate approach to the death process by focusing on the psychological, social, spiritual, and emotional needs of dying individuals. EOL doula work is stressful; it exposes individuals to recurring stressors such as suffering and grief. Trained professionals are needed to help advocate for the dying individual and their families. Despite the growing literature on EOL doulas, information regarding the challenges of being an EOL doula is underrepresented in the literature. This paper is one of the first to address this concept. Twelve in-depth, semi-structured interviews regarding the EOL doula experience were conducted as a part of a larger exploratory study. Three overarching themes emerged from the larger project: motivations to become an EOL doula, roles of an EOL doula, and challenges of an EOL doula. In this article, only challenges of EOL are discussed, along with subsequent subordinate themes.

2.
Ann Behav Med ; 56(1): 21-34, 2022 01 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33821886

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hispanic ethnic density (HED) is associated with salubrious health outcomes for Hispanics, yet recent research suggests it may also be protective for other groups. The purpose of this study was to test whether HED was protective for other racial-ethnic groups. We tested whether social support or neighborhood social integration mediated the association between high HED and depressive symptoms (CES-D) and physical morbidity 5 years later. Lastly, we tested whether race-ethnicity moderated both main and indirect effects. METHODS: We used Waves 1 (2005-2006), and 2 (2010-2011) from The National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project, a national study of older U.S. adults. Our sample was restricted to Wave 1 adults who returned at Wave 2, did not move from their residence between waves, and self-identified as Hispanic, non-Hispanic White (NHW), or non-Hispanic Black (NHB; n = 1,635). We geo-coded respondents' addresses to a census-tract and overlaid racial-ethnic population data. Moderated-mediation models using multiple imputation (to handle missingness) and bootstrapping were used to estimate indirect effects for all racial-ethnic categories. RESULTS: Depressive symptoms were lower amongst racial-ethnic minorities in ethnically (Hispanic) dense neighborhoods; this effect was not stronger in Hispanics. HED was not associated with physical morbidity. Sensitivity analyses revealed that HED was protective for cardiovascular events in all racial-ethnic groups, but not arthritis, or respiratory disease. Social support and neighborhood social integration were not mediators for the association between HED and outcomes, nor were indirect effects moderated by race-ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS: This study offers some evidence that HED may be protective for some conditions in older adults; however, the phenomena underlying these effects remains a question for future work.


Asunto(s)
Negro o Afroamericano , Etnicidad , Adulto , Anciano , Hispánicos o Latinos , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Grupos Raciales , Características de la Residencia , Estados Unidos
3.
Cogn Emot ; 36(8): 1467-1478, 2022 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36856026

RESUMEN

Coordinated group behaviour can result in conflict or social cohesion. Thus having a better understanding of coordination in social groups could help us tackle some of our most challenging social problems. Historically, the most common way to study group behaviour is to break it down into sub-processes, such as cognition and emotion, then ideally manipulate them in a social context in order to predict some behaviour such as liking versus distrusting a target person. This approach has gotten us partway to understanding many important collective behaviours, but I argue that making major changes in the world will require a more integrated approach. In this review, I introduce dynamic systems theory, with a focus on interpersonal systems, where all the processes we typically study in individuals, such as cognition and emotion, become intertwined between social partners over time. I focus on the concept of coordination, defined as a temporal correlation between interacting components of a system (or systems) arising due to coupling between them. Finally, I show how this perspective could be used to guide investigations of social problems such as polarisation.


Asunto(s)
Emociones , Conducta Social , Humanos , Cognición
4.
Ann Behav Med ; 55(7): 612-620, 2021 06 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33449073

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Literature assessing the effect of marital status on mortality has underrepresented, or altogether omitted Hispanics and the potential moderating effect of Hispanic ethnicity on these relationships. Given cultural and network dynamics, marital advantages in older Hispanic women may be greater than other groups given their family-focused, collectivist orientation. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to understand whether older Hispanic women exhibited a more pronounced marital advantage as compared with non-Hispanic Whites. METHODS: We used longitudinal data from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Observational Study and Clinical Trials (N = 161,808) collected initially from 1993 to 1998 and followed until 2018. Our sample excluded those respondents indicating "other" as their race-ethnicity and those missing marital status and race-ethnicity variables (N = 158,814). We used Cox-proportional hazards models to assess the association between race-ethnicity, marital status, and the interactive effect of race-ethnicity and marital status on survival. RESULTS: After controlling for socioeconomic status (SES) and health controls, we found a Hispanic survival advantage when compared with non-Hispanic Whites and all other racial-ethnic groups with the exception of Asian/Pacific Islander women (all significant HRs < 0.78, all ps ≤ 0.001). Hispanics had a higher rate of divorce when compared with non-Hispanic Whites. The interactive effect of race-ethnicity and marital status was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: U.S. Hispanic, postmenopausal women exhibit a mortality advantage over and above marital status despite their high rates of divorce. Implications and potential explanations are discussed. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT00000611.


Asunto(s)
Hispánicos o Latinos , Estado Civil/etnología , Mortalidad/etnología , Salud de la Mujer/etnología , Anciano , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Etnicidad , Femenino , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Observacionales como Asunto , Posmenopausia/etnología , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Estados Unidos/etnología
5.
Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol ; 26(2): 189-199, 2020 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31021138

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Racial-ethnic differences in physical/mental health are well documented as being associated with disparities; however, emerging conceptual models increasingly suggest that group differences in social functioning and organization contribute to these relationships. There is little work examining whether racial-ethnic groups respond similarly to classic measures of social networks and perceived support and whether there are significant between-groups differences on these measures. METHOD: A multisite, cross-sectional study of 2,793 non-Hispanic White (NHW), non-Hispanic Black (NHB), and Hispanic participants was conducted using common measures of social networks and perceived support. A confirmatory factor analytic model was used to test for the invariance of factor covariance and mean structures in a three latent constructs model including social network, social provisions, and interpersonal support. Between-group differences in structural and functional support were assessed. RESULTS: We established measurement invariance of the latent representations of these measures suggesting that racial-ethnic groups responded comparably. In direct comparisons, Hispanics and NHWs demonstrated similar levels of network structure and support. In contrast, NHWs reported support advantages on a majority of measures compared with NHBs. CONCLUSIONS: Findings support the use of these measures across groups and provide initial support for potential differences in this hypothesized mediator of racial-ethnic health disparities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).


Asunto(s)
Etnicidad/psicología , Disparidades en el Estado de Salud , Salud Mental/estadística & datos numéricos , Grupos Minoritarios/psicología , Red Social , Adulto , Negro o Afroamericano/psicología , Estudios Transversales , Etnicidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Hispánicos o Latinos/psicología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Grupos Minoritarios/estadística & datos numéricos , Estados Unidos , Población Blanca/psicología
6.
Psychosom Med ; 81(8): 749-758, 2019 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31033935

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: We introduce a new statistical software R package, rties, that simplifies the use of dynamic models for investigating interpersonal emotional processes. We demonstrate the package by using it to test whether emotional dynamics in romantic couples can predict, or are predicted by, shared unhealthy behaviors (SUBs). METHODS: We use data from 74 romantic couples discussing their health behaviors. The conversations were videotaped and rated for evidence that the couples engaged in unhealthy behaviors that benefitted the relationship in some way (e.g., increasing closeness). Participants also provided video-prompted continuous recall of their emotional experience during the conversation. We use the rties package to estimate the parameters for inertia-coordination and coupled-oscillator models of the couples' emotional experience. Those parameter estimates are then used as predictors and outcomes of the couple's SUB. RESULTS: The coupled-oscillator model accounted for 17% of the variance in unhealthy behavior, with both partner's amplification predicting higher unhealthy behavior (women: B = 0.95, SE = 0.31, t(63) = 3.06, p = .003, 95% confidence interval = 0.25-1.45; men: B = 0.9, SE = 0.29, t(63) = 3.09, p = .003, 95% confidence interval = 0.32-1.47). These results suggest that co-dysregulation, an unstable interpersonal pattern of amplified emotional oscillations is associated with more SUBs. In contrast, the dynamics assessed with inertia coordination were not associated with behavior. CONCLUSIONS: The new rties package provides a set of relatively easy-to-use statistical models for representing and testing theories about interpersonal emotional dynamics. Our results suggest that emotional co-dysregulation may be a particularly detrimental pattern for health.


Asunto(s)
Emociones , Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud , Relaciones Interpersonales , Modelos Psicológicos , Parejas Sexuales/psicología , Programas Informáticos , Adulto , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Hiperfagia/psicología , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , Conducta Sedentaria , Fumar/psicología
7.
Psychol Sci ; 29(9): 1451-1462, 2018 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29969949

RESUMEN

In the present study, we aimed to replicate and extend findings by Mehl, Vazire, Holleran, and Clark (2010) that individuals with higher well-being tend to spend less time alone and more time interacting with others (e.g., greater conversation quantity) and engage in less small talk and more substantive conversations (e.g., greater conversation quality). To test the robustness of these effects in a larger and more diverse sample, we used Bayesian integrative data analysis to pool data on subjective life satisfaction and observed daily conversations from three heterogeneous adult samples, in addition to the original sample ( N = 486). We found moderate associations between life satisfaction and amount of alone time, conversation time, and substantive conversations, but no reliable association with small talk. Personality did not substantially moderate these associations. The failure to replicate the original small-talk effect is theoretically and practically important, as it has garnered considerable scientific and lay interest.


Asunto(s)
Comunicación , Felicidad , Satisfacción Personal , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Teorema de Bayes , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Factores de Tiempo , Adulto Joven
8.
Fam Community Health ; 41(3): 146-158, 2018.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29781916

RESUMEN

Many Americans are in poor health. This is acute for racial/ethnic minorities compared with the Non-Hispanic white population. A grounded theory approach was used to analyze semistructured qualitative interviews to identify perceptions of family-of-origin lifestyle choices in same-race and interracial couples. Several central themes emerged from the data including influence of family-of-origin eating patterns, lack of family-of-origin importance for physical activity, and romantic partner influence in eating and exercise. Findings provide evidence for the socialization of family of origin on lifestyle choices into adulthood and also suggest promising changes due to romantic partner.


Asunto(s)
Conducta de Elección/fisiología , Composición Familiar/etnología , Adulto , Análisis de Datos , Etnicidad , Familia , Femenino , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Masculino , Estados Unidos , Adulto Joven
9.
BMC Public Health ; 17(1): 793, 2017 Oct 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29017480

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization has identified obesity as one of the most visible and neglected public health problems worldwide. Meta-analytic studies suggest that insufficient sleep increases the risk of developing obesity and related serious medical conditions. Unfortunately, the nationwide average sleep duration has steadily declined over the last two decades with 25% of U.S. adults reporting insufficient sleep. Stress is also an important indirect factor in obesity, and chronic stress and laboratory-induced stress negatively impact sleep. Despite what we know from basic sciences about (a) stress and sleep and (b) sleep and obesity, we know very little about how these factors actually manifest in a natural environment. The Assessing Daily Activity Patterns Through Occupational Transitions (ADAPT) study tests whether sleep disruption plays a key role in the development of obesity for individuals exposed to involuntary job loss, a life event that is often stressful and disrupting to an individual's daily routine. METHODS: This is an 18-month closed, cohort research design examining social rhythms, sleep, dietary intake, energy expenditure, waist circumference, and weight gain over 18 months in individuals who have sustained involuntary job loss. Approximately 332 participants who lost their job within the last 3 months are recruited from flyers within the Arizona Department of Economic Security (AZDES) Unemployment Insurance Administration application packets and other related postings. Multivariate growth curve modeling will be used to investigate the temporal precedence of changes in social rhythms, sleep, and weight gain. DISCUSSION: It is hypothesized that: (1) unemployed individuals with less consistent social rhythms and worse sleep will have steeper weight gain trajectories over 18 months than unemployed individuals with stable social rhythms and better sleep; (2) disrupted sleep will mediate the relationship between social rhythm disruption and weight gain; and (3) reemployment will be associated with a reversal in the negative trajectories outlined above. Positive findings will provide support for the development of obesity prevention campaigns targeting sleep and social rhythms in an accessible subgroup of vulnerable individuals.


Asunto(s)
Actividades Cotidianas/psicología , Desempleo , Aumento de Peso , Adulto , Arizona/epidemiología , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/epidemiología , Sueño
10.
Brain Behav Immun ; 56: 165-74, 2016 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26916219

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Breast cancer diagnosis and treatment are associated with increased inflammatory activity, which can induce sickness symptoms. We examined whether emotional acceptance moderates the association between proinflammatory cytokines and self-reported sickness symptoms in women recently diagnosed with breast cancer. METHODS: Women (N=136) diagnosed with stage 0-III breast cancer within the previous 6months provided plasma samples and completed the FACT: Physical Well-Being Scale, as well as the Acceptance of Emotion Scale every 3months for 2years. At each time point, we quantified interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α using a high sensitivity multiplex assay. RESULTS: Higher within-subject mean TNF-α across all time-points predicted higher mean sickness symptoms. At individual time-points, higher IL-6 and IL-8 levels were associated with higher sickness symptoms. Mean emotional acceptance across all time-points moderated the relationship between mean IL-8 and sickness symptoms, with sickness symptoms remaining persistently high in women with low emotional acceptance even when IL-8 levels were low. At individual time-points, emotional acceptance positively moderated the correlations of IL-8 and TNF-α with sickness symptoms, such that the associations between higher levels of these proinflammatory cytokines and higher sickness symptoms were attenuated when emotional acceptance was high. CONCLUSION: Emotional acceptance was shown for the first time to moderate the associations of cytokines with sickness symptoms in breast cancer patients over time following diagnosis and treatment. The association between emotional acceptance and sickness symptoms was significantly different from zero but relatively small in comparison to the range of sickness symptoms. Results suggest that targeting emotion regulation may help to break the cycle between inflammation and sickness symptoms in women with breast cancer.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/sangre , Neoplasias de la Mama/psicología , Citocinas/sangre , Emociones/fisiología , Conducta de Enfermedad/fisiología , Inflamación/sangre , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Autocontrol
11.
Cogn Emot ; 29(5): 831-51, 2015.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25139315

RESUMEN

The tendency for emotions to be predictable over time, labelled emotional inertia, has been linked to low well-being and is thought to reflect impaired emotion regulation. However, almost no studies have examined how emotion regulation relates to emotional inertia. We examined the effects of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression on the inertia of behavioural, subjective and physiological measures of emotion. In Study 1 (N = 111), trait suppression was associated with higher inertia of negative behaviours. We replicated this finding experimentally in Study 2 (N = 186). Furthermore, in Study 2, instructed suppressors and reappraisers both showed higher inertia of positive behaviours, and reappraisers displayed higher inertia of heart rate. Neither suppression nor reappraisal were associated with the inertia of subjective feelings in either study. Thus, the effects of suppression and reappraisal on the temporal dynamics of emotions depend on the valence and emotional response component in question.


Asunto(s)
Cognición/fisiología , Emociones/fisiología , Frecuencia Cardíaca/fisiología , Represión Psicológica , Adolescente , Conducta del Adolescente/fisiología , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Factores de Tiempo
12.
Fam Process ; 52(2): 271-83, 2013 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23763686

RESUMEN

Despite reports documenting adverse effects of stress on police marriages, few empirical studies focus on actual emotional behaviors of officers and spouses. In this preliminary investigation, 17 male police officers and their nonpolice wives completed daily stress diaries for 1 week and then participated in a laboratory-based discussion about their respective days. Conversations were video-recorded and coded for specific emotional behaviors reflecting hostility and affection, which are strong predictors of marital outcomes. We examined associations between officers' job stress (per diaries and the Police Stress Survey) and couples' emotional behavior (mean levels and behavioral synchrony) using a dyadic repeated measures design capitalizing on the large number of observations available for each couple (1020 observations). When officers reported more job stress, they showed less hostility, less synchrony with their wives' hostility, and more synchrony with their wives' affection; their wives showed greater synchrony with officers' hostility and less synchrony with officers' affection. Therefore, for officers, greater job stress was associated with less behavioral negativity, potentially less attunement to wives' negativity, but potentially greater attunement to wives' affection-perhaps a compensatory strategy or attempt to buffer their marriage from stress. These attempts may be less effective, however, if, as our synchrony findings may suggest, wives are focusing on officers' hostility rather than affection. Although it will be important to replicate these results given the small sample, our findings reveal that patterns of behavioral synchrony may be a key means to better understand how job stress exacts a toll on police marriages.


Asunto(s)
Emoción Expresada , Hostilidad , Amor , Matrimonio/psicología , Policia , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Relaciones Interpersonales , Satisfacción en el Trabajo , Masculino , Satisfacción Personal , Lugar de Trabajo/psicología
13.
Dev Psychopathol ; 24(1): 317-32, 2012 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22293012

RESUMEN

Girls receiving lower quality paternal investment tend to engage in more risky sexual behavior (RSB) than peers. Whereas paternal investment theory posits that this effect is causal, it could arise from environmental or genetic confounds. To distinguish between these competing explanations, the current authors employed a genetically and environmentally controlled sibling design (N = 101 sister pairs; ages 18-36), which retrospectively examined the effects of differential sibling exposure to family disruption/father absence and quality of fathering. Consistent with a causal explanation, differences between older and younger sisters in the effects of quality of fathering on RSB were greatest in biologically disrupted families when there was a large age gap between the sisters (thus maximizing differential exposure to fathers), with greater exposure within families to higher quality fathering serving as a protective factor against RSB. Further, variation around the lower end of fathering quality appeared to have the most influence on RSB. In contrast, differential sibling exposure to family disruption/father absence (irrespective of quality of fathering) was not associated with RSB. The differential sibling-exposure design affords a new quasi-experimental method for evaluating the causal effects of fathers within families.


Asunto(s)
Relaciones Padre-Hijo , Padre/psicología , Núcleo Familiar/psicología , Responsabilidad Parental/psicología , Asunción de Riesgos , Conducta Sexual/psicología , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Hermanos/psicología
14.
Pers Soc Psychol Rev ; 15(4): 367-93, 2011 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21693670

RESUMEN

Emotion is often framed as an intrapersonal system comprised of subcomponents such as experience, behavior, and physiology that interact over time to give rise to emotional states. What is missing is that many emotions occur in the context of social interaction or ongoing relationships. When this happens, the result can be conceptualized as a temporal interpersonal emotion system (TIES) in which the subcomponents of emotion interact not only within the individual but across the partners as well. The present review (a) suggests that TIES can be understood in terms of the characteristics of dynamic systems, (b) reviews examples from diverse research that has investigated characteristics of TIES, (c) attempts to clarify the overlapping terms that have been used to refer to those characteristics by mapping them to the statistical, mathematical, and graphical models that have been used to represent TIES, and (d) offers pragmatic advice for analyzing TIES data.


Asunto(s)
Emociones , Relaciones Interpersonales , Humanos , Modelos Psicológicos , Técnicas Psicológicas , Factores de Tiempo
15.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci ; 76(3): 574-582, 2021 02 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31942631

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: We tested the hypothesis that education's effect on cognitive aging operates in part through measures of material and psychosocial well-being. METHOD: Our sample was of non-Latino black and white participants of the National Social Life Health and Aging Project who had valid cognitive assessments in Waves 2 and 3 (n = 2,951; age range: 48-95). We used structural equation modeling to test for mediation and moderated mediation by income, assets, perceived stress, social status, and allostatic load on the relationships between race, education, and cognition at two time points. RESULTS: Education consistently mediated the race-cognition relationship, explaining about 20% of the relationship between race and cognition in all models. Income and assets were moderated by race; these factors were associated with cognition for whites but not blacks. Social status mediated the association between race and cognition, and social status and perceived stress mediated the education-cognition pathway. Allostatic load was not a mediator of any relationship. DISCUSSION: Education remains the best explanatory factor for cognitive aging disparities, though material well-being and subjective social status help to explain a portion of the racial disparity in cognitive aging.


Asunto(s)
Población Negra/psicología , Envejecimiento Cognitivo , Escolaridad , Determinantes Sociales de la Salud/etnología , Estrés Psicológico , Población Blanca/psicología , Anciano , Alostasis , Envejecimiento Cognitivo/fisiología , Envejecimiento Cognitivo/psicología , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Disparidades en el Estado de Salud , Humanos , Masculino , Salud Mental , Psicología , Factores Raciales , Clase Social , Estrés Psicológico/etnología , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Estados Unidos/epidemiología
16.
Front Neurogenom ; 2: 751354, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38235240

RESUMEN

The present study explores physiological linkage (i.e., any form of statistical interdependence between the physiological signals of interacting partners; PL) using data from 65 same-sex, same ethnicity stranger dyads. Participants completed a knot-tying task with either a cooperative or competitive framing while either talking or remaining silent. Autonomic nervous system activity was measured continuously by electrocardiograph for both individuals during the interaction. Using a recently developed R statistical package (i.e., rties), we modeled different oscillatory patterns of coordination between partner's interbeat interval (i.e., the time between consecutive heart beats) over the course of the task. Three patterns of PL emerged, characterized by differences in frequency of oscillation, phase, and damping or amplification. To address gaps in the literature, we explored (a) PL patterns as predictors of affiliation and (b) the interaction between individual differences and experimental condition as predictors of PL patterns. In contrast to prior analyses using this dataset for PL operationalized as covariation, the present analyses showed that oscillatory PL patterns did not predict affiliation, but the interaction of individual differences and condition differentially predicted PL patterns. This study represents a next step toward understanding the roles of individual differences, context, and PL among strangers.

17.
Biol Psychol ; 161: 108079, 2021 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33727107

RESUMEN

How do people come to know others' feelings? One idea is that affective processes (e.g., physiological responses) play an important role, leading to the prediction that linkage between one's physiological responses and others' emotions relates to one's ability to know how others feel (i.e., empathic accuracy). Participants (N = 96, 48 female friend pairs) completed a stressful speech task and then provided continuous ratings of their own (as "targets") and their friend's (as "perceivers") emotional experience for the video-taped speeches. We measured physiology-physiology linkage (linkage between perceivers' and targets' physiology), physiology-experience linkage (linkage between perceivers' physiology and targets' experience), and empathic accuracy (linkage between perceivers' ratings of targets' experience and targets' ratings of their experience). Physiology-experience (but not physiology-physiology) linkage was associated with greater empathic accuracy even when controlling for key potential confounds (random linkage, targets' and perceivers' emotional reactivity, and relationship closeness). Results suggest that physiological responses play a role in empathic accuracy.


Asunto(s)
Empatía , Amigos , Emociones , Femenino , Humanos
18.
Cogn Emot ; 24(6): 1026-1043, 2010 Sep 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21116444

RESUMEN

The present research examined whether Asian-American (AA) versus European-American (EA) women differed in experiential, expressive, or autonomic physiological responding to a laboratory anger provocation and assessed the mediating role of values about emotional control. Results indicate that AA participants reported and behaviorally displayed less anger than EA participants, while there were no group differences in physiological responses. Observed differences in emotional responses were partially mediated by emotion control values, suggesting a potential mechanism for effects of cultural background on anger responding.

19.
J Cross Cult Psychol ; 40(3): 510-517, 2009 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25505801

RESUMEN

Emotion-expressive behavior is often - but not always -- inversely related to physiological responding. To test the hypothesis that cultural context moderates the relationship between expressivity and physiological responding, we had Asian American and European American women engage in face-to-face conversations about a distressing film in same-ethnicity dyads. Blood pressure was measured continuously and emotional expressivity was rated from videotapes. Results indicated that emotion-expressive behavior was inversely related to blood pressure in European American dyads, but the reverse was true in Asian American dyads who showed a trend towards a positive association. These results suggest that the links between emotion-expressive behavior and physiological responding may depend upon cultural context. One possible explanation for this effect may be that cultural contexts shape the meaning individuals give to emotional expressions that occur during social interactions.

20.
J Abnorm Psychol ; 116(4): 848-53, 2007 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18020731

RESUMEN

In a laboratory smoking experiment, 25 couples in which 1 or both partners continued to smoke despite 1 of them having heart or lung disease discussed a health-related disagreement before and during a period of smoking. Immediately afterward, the partners used independent joysticks to recall their continuous emotional experience during the interaction while watching themselves on video. Participants in dual-smoker couples reported increased positive emotion contingent upon lighting up, whereas those in single-smoker couples reported the opposite. The results highlight the role of smoking in close relationships, particularly in regulating emotional closeness when both partners smoke. Attention to this fit between symptom and system may be useful in helping couples achieve stable cessation.


Asunto(s)
Afecto , Composición Familiar , Fumar/psicología , Controles Informales de la Sociedad , Adulto , Femenino , Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud , Humanos , Relaciones Interpersonales , Masculino
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