Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 292
Filtrar
1.
Ergonomics ; 66(10): 1465-1476, 2023 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36437777

RESUMEN

Chair design features are typically compared using multiple seats, which can lead to confounding effects. Using a single chair, configurable to four designs (control, lumbar support, seat pan tilt and scapular relief), we investigated the effect of chair design on spine posture and movement, muscle activity and perceived pain in a sample of 31 asymptomatic adults. A total of 39% of the population were classified as pain developers, having significantly higher peak pain levels across most body regions. The lumbar support and seat pan tilt condition resulted in more neutral spine and pelvic postures. Greater muscle activity was found in the seat pan condition and non-pain developers displayed lower spine muscle activation levels overall. Despite some improvements in spine posture, sitting-induced pain was present in the study sample at similar proportions to those reported previously. Future studies may consider investigating interventions targeted to sitting-induced pain developers as opposed to the general population. Practitioner summary: Four office chair configurations were tested. The lumbar support and seat pan tilt conditions resulted in the most neutral back posture but did not mitigate the clinically significant levels of sitting-induced pain experienced by a large portion of the tested sample. Future work should target interventions to these individuals.


Asunto(s)
Músculos de la Espalda , Dolor de la Región Lumbar , Adulto , Humanos , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/etiología , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/prevención & control , Columna Vertebral/fisiología , Vértebras Lumbares/fisiología , Postura/fisiología , Percepción del Dolor
2.
Energy Policy ; 159: 112644, 2021 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36246728

RESUMEN

This study explores different energy consumption vectors during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal. Most of the workforce started working from home and resource consumption significantly shifted towards the domestic sector. The ensuing confinement protocols caused a shift in everyday life, which in turn significantly altered the energy supply and demand landscape. This event, although catastrophic in terms of loss of human life and economic development, can provide us with valuable data to study the potential of new strategies to achieve EU 2050 Energy goals. It was investigated whether the pandemic has opened a path and provided us with a partial answer to decarbonization in the form of home office practices as a possible energy efficiency measure. The present study shows that, in Portugal, there was a 15.7% reduction of primary energy consumption (accounting for electricity, natural gas and transport fuels) compared to 2019. The data suggest that actions targeting reduced mobility, such as home office practices and the decentralization of the workforce, could be a relevant energy efficiency measure.

3.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol ; 30(6): 430-438, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31530518

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To investigate the quality of life (QOL) of and to characterize patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) in Portugal. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of patients with AD and other eczemas. Skindex-29, Skindex-teen, and the Childhood Atopic Dermatitis Impact Scale (CADIS) were the instruments used to assess QOL in adults, teenagers, and children, respectively. The SF-12 was also used, and disease severity was evaluated using the Patient-Oriented SCORAD (PO-SCORAD) instrument. Associations with QOL were assessed based on the odds ratio (OR). P values <.05 and 95%CIs were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The study population comprised 162 participants aged 0.5-74 years. We found that 37.3% of AD patients consider their disease disabling and that more than half of the patients feel stigmatized by society. The mean Skindex score for AD was 39.68, and the impact on QOL was severe in 44%. "Symptoms" was the most affected category in adults. AD was moderate to severe in 87% of the sample. One of the factors that most influenced poorer QOL in AD was age: with increasing age, the Skindex is likely to increase (OR, 1.03; 95%CI, 1.00-1.06). "Considering the disease a disability" was also associated (OR, 6.72; 95%CI, 2.56-17.63). QOL worsens with increasingly affected body area (OR, 1.07; 95%CI, 1.03-1.11) and the presence of edema (OR, 2.0; 95%CI, 1.23-3.40). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to provide data on QOL in patients with AD in Portugal. Our data show an expected negative impact. More awareness-raising activities are needed to increase knowledge, decrease stigmatization, and, consequently, address the factors involved in the QOL of patients with AD.


Asunto(s)
Dermatitis Atópica/epidemiología , Calidad de Vida , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Alérgenos/inmunología , Niño , Costo de Enfermedad , Dermatitis Atópica/diagnóstico , Dermatitis Atópica/etiología , Dermatitis Atópica/terapia , Manejo de la Enfermedad , Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Oportunidad Relativa , Portugal/epidemiología , Vigilancia en Salud Pública , Factores de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto Joven
4.
Andrologia ; 50(7): e13035, 2018 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29744905

RESUMEN

Male obesity is associated with decreased testosterone levels but the pathophysiological mechanisms behind this association are not completely understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of hyperglycaemia/insulin resistance and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels on testosterone levels in a population of obese men. We investigated the impact of several clinical, anthropometric and analytic measures on testosterone levels in 150 obese males. Testosterone deficiency was present in 52.0% of the enrolled patients. This percentage dropped to 17.6% when only calculated free testosterone (FT) was accounted, as SHBG levels were correlated negatively with body mass index (r = -.20; p < .05). Older age (p < .05) and higher homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p < .01) and lower SHBG levels (p < .05) were independently correlated with lower FT. Weight and fasting plasma glucose lost their statistical significance after multivariate adjustment. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes had lower FT than those with normal glucose tolerance (p < .05 and p < .01 respectively). Insulin resistance, and not hyperglycaemia and weight per se, seems to be the main determinant of low testosterone levels in obese males. Low SHBG levels are correlated with low FT even after HOMA-IR adjustment. This suggests that SHBG can be associated with testosterone deficiency beyond the influence of insulin resistance unlike previously reported.


Asunto(s)
Resistencia a la Insulina , Obesidad/complicaciones , Globulina de Unión a Hormona Sexual/análisis , Testosterona/deficiencia , Tejido Adiposo , Adulto , Glucemia , Índice de Masa Corporal , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/sangre , Obesidad/metabolismo , Estudios Retrospectivos , Testosterona/sangre
5.
Environ Monit Assess ; 190(2): 77, 2018 Jan 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29322345

RESUMEN

Total mercury (THg) concentrations measured in two freshwater shrimp species (Macrobrachium depressimanum and Macrobrachium jelskii) showed a relationship with the location of artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) from the Madeira River Basin, Western Amazon. Between August 2009 and May 2010, 212 shrimp samples were collected in the confluence of the Madeira River with three of its tributaries (Western Amazon). THg concentration was quantified in the exoskeleton, hepatopancreas and muscle tissue of the shrimps by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry. There were no significant differences between the two shrimp species when samples came from the Madeira River, but Hg concentrations were significantly lower in a tributary outside the influence of the gold mining area. Average THg concentrations were higher in the hepatopancreas (up to 160.0 ng g-1) and lower in the exoskeleton and muscle tissue (10.0-35.0 ng g-1 and < 0.9-42.0 ng g-1, respectively). Freshwater shrimps from the Madeira River respond to local environmental levels of Hg and can be considered as biomonitors for environmental Hg at this spatial scale. These organisms are important for moving Hg up food webs including those that harbor economic significant fish species and thus enhancing human exposure.


Asunto(s)
Oro , Mercurio/análisis , Minería , Palaemonidae , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Exoesqueleto/química , Animales , Brasil , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Hepatopáncreas/química , Músculos/química , Ríos
6.
Acute Med ; 17(4): 229-231, 2018.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30882107

RESUMEN

Cardiovascular signs and symptoms can prevail in both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Case 1: 30-year-old female with acute right heart failure as first manifestation of Graves' disease. It illustrates some of its cardiovascular complications, particularly pulmonary hypertension, tricuspid regurgitation, atrial fibrillation, mitral valve prolapse and mitral regurgitation. Case 2: 83-year-old-man with a severe primary hypothyroidism/myxoedema crisis presented to emergency department with extreme bradyarrhythmia with hemodynamic impact and heart failure signs, which led to implantation of definitive pacemaker. Thyroid disorders are treatable entities and most cardiovascular changes are reversible. Early diagnosis is mandatory and can avoid severe complications and, eventually, invasive therapeutics interventions. Pulmonary hypertension and acute heart failure, especially in young adults, should be screened for underlying hyperthyroidism.


Asunto(s)
Insuficiencia Cardíaca , Mixedema , Crisis Tiroidea , Adulto , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Enfermedad de Graves/complicaciones , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/etiología , Humanos , Hipertensión Pulmonar/complicaciones , Hipertensión Pulmonar/etiología , Mixedema/complicaciones , Crisis Tiroidea/complicaciones
7.
Am J Transplant ; 17(1): 180-190, 2017 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27232116

RESUMEN

The phase III Belatacept Evaluation of Nephroprotection and Efficacy as First-Line Immunosuppression Trial-Extended Criteria Donors Trial (BENEFIT-EXT) study compared more or less intensive belatacept-based immunosuppression with cyclosporine (CsA)-based immunosuppression in recipients of extended criteria donor kidneys. In this post hoc analysis, patient outcomes were assessed according to donor kidney subtype. In total, 68.9% of patients received an expanded criteria donor kidney (United Network for Organ Sharing definition), 10.1% received a donation after cardiac death kidney, and 21.0% received a kidney with an anticipated cold ischemic time ≥24 h. Over 7 years, time to death or graft loss was similar between belatacept- and CsA-based immunosuppression, regardless of donor kidney subtype. In all three donor kidney cohorts, estimated mean GFR increased over months 1-84 for belatacept-based treatment but declined for CsA-based treatment. The estimated differences in GFR significantly favored each belatacept-based regimen versus the CsA-based regimen in the three subgroups (p < 0.0001 for overall treatment effect). No differences in the safety profile of belatacept were observed by donor kidney subtype.


Asunto(s)
Abatacept/uso terapéutico , Rechazo de Injerto/tratamiento farmacológico , Fallo Renal Crónico/cirugía , Trasplante de Riñón/métodos , Donantes de Tejidos , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Tasa de Filtración Glomerular , Supervivencia de Injerto , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Pruebas de Función Renal , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Factores de Riesgo , Seguridad
9.
Med Intensiva ; 41(8): 454-460, 2017 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés, Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28188064

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate patient post-intensive care syndrome (PICS-P) and caregiver burden 3 months after discharge from the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and determine the impact of different components of PICS-P upon caregiver burden. DESIGN: A prospective observational study was conducted over 26 months (January 2013-February 2015). SETTING: Medical-surgical ICU and follow-up consultation in Portugal. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: Patients discharged after a minimum of 2 days in the ICU. Caregiver inclusion criteria: not paid, written and spoken Portuguese, and agreement to participate in the study. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST: In ICU: Patient gender, age, severity of illness (SAPS II) and length of ICU stay. At 3 months caregiver burden, physical (reduced mobility, weakness acquired in the ICU) and psychological components of PICS (anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder). RESULTS: A total of 168 caregivers completed the survey (response rate of 69%). A low degree of overburden was reported by 34.5% of caregivers, while 15.5% showed moderate to high levels of overburden. Patient anxiety and depression 3 months after ICU discharge significantly influenced the presence of caregiver burden (p=0.030 vs p=0.008). When physical components of PICS-P were evaluated, no influence on caregiver burden was observed. Patient demographics, severity of illness and length of stay also failed to influence caregiver burden. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of psychological components of PICS-P 3 months after ICU seems to have a negative impact upon caregiver burden. On the other hand, physical problems showed no important impact upon caregiver overburden.


Asunto(s)
Cuidadores , Cuidados Críticos/psicología , Estrés Psicológico/etiología , Adaptación Psicológica , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Ansiedad/etiología , Astenia/etiología , Cuidadores/psicología , Dependencia Psicológica , Depresión/etiología , Femenino , Humanos , Relaciones Interpersonales , Tiempo de Internación , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Portugal , Estudios Prospectivos , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/etiología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Síndrome , Adulto Joven
10.
Conserv Biol ; 30(5): 1060-9, 2016 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26892747

RESUMEN

Research in reintroduction biology has provided a greater understanding of the often limited success of species reintroductions and highlighted the need for scientifically rigorous approaches in reintroduction programs. We examined the recent genetic-based captive-breeding and reintroduction literature to showcase the underuse of the genetic data gathered. We devised a framework that takes full advantage of the genetic data through assessment of the genetic makeup of populations before (past component of the framework), during (present component), and after (future component) captive-breeding and reintroduction events to understand their conservation potential and maximize their success. We empirically applied our framework to two small fishes: Yarra pygmy perch (Nannoperca obscura) and southern pygmy perch (Nannoperca australis). Each of these species has a locally adapted and geographically isolated lineage that is endemic to the highly threatened lower Murray-Darling Basin in Australia. These two populations were rescued during Australia's recent decade-long Millennium Drought, when their persistence became entirely dependent on captive-breeding and subsequent reintroduction efforts. Using historical demographic analyses, we found differences and similarities between the species in the genetic impacts of past natural and anthropogenic events that occurred in situ, such as European settlement (past component). Subsequently, successful maintenance of genetic diversity in captivity-despite skewed brooder contribution to offspring-was achieved through carefully managed genetic-based breeding (present component). Finally, genetic monitoring revealed the survival and recruitment of released captive-bred offspring in the wild (future component). Our holistic framework often requires no additional data collection to that typically gathered in genetic-based breeding programs, is applicable to a wide range of species, advances the genetic considerations of reintroduction programs, and is expected to improve with the use of next-generation sequencing technology.


Asunto(s)
Cruzamiento , Conservación de los Recursos Naturales , Australia , Variación Genética
11.
Genet Mol Res ; 15(4)2016 Oct 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27808387

RESUMEN

In southeastern Brazil, the majority of the riparian ecosystems are fragmented and degraded mainly due to human activities. The perennial gymnosperm Podocarpus sellowii Klotzch is a typical tree species from a gallery forest in the rupestrian area. Ten alloenzymatic loci were used to estimate the allelic frequency of 232 individuals distributed in eight subpopulations naturally divided by rock outcrops. The results indicated high genetic variability for the species in all subpopulations, with HO varying from 0.593 to 0.658, and HE, from 0.484 to 0.502. No endogamy was observed within (f = -0.292) and for the population set (f = -0.264). Genetic divergence of the species between subpopulations was 2.1%. Historic gene flow was low between subpopulations located in different water streams, corroborating the positive and significant correlation between genetic and geographical distance (rm = 0.496, P = 0.022). Co-ancestry revealed that only population A presents continuous distribution of the genotypes up to 94 m. Sp statistics did not indicate significant spatial genetic structure in the populations. In all the subpopulations, values of effective sizes were higher than the numbers of sampled individuals. The balance between mutation and drift was not verified, indicating the occurrence of a recent population bottleneck. These data can be used to determine the most effective strategies for the genetic conservation of this species.


Asunto(s)
Cycadopsida/genética , Isoenzimas/genética , Brasil , Cycadopsida/enzimología , Ecosistema , Bosques , Flujo Génico , Frecuencia de los Genes , Flujo Genético , Variación Genética , Genotipo , Geografía , Repeticiones de Microsatélite , Árboles/genética
12.
Genet Mol Res ; 15(2)2016 Jun 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27323193

RESUMEN

In the face of a possible loss of genetic diversity in plants due the environmental changes, actions to ensure the genetic variability are an urgent necessity. The extraction of Brazilian pepper fruits is a cause of concern because it results in the lack of seeds in soil, hindering its distribution in space and time. It is important to address this concern and explore the species, used by riparian communities and agro-factories without considering the need for keeping the seeds for natural seed banks and for species sustainability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the structure and the genetic diversity in natural Brazilian pepper populations (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi). Twenty-two alleles in 223 individuals were identified from eight forest remnants located in the states of Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, and Sergipe. All populations presented loci in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium deviation. Four populations presented six combinations of loci in linkage disequilibrium. Six exclusive alleles were detected in four populations. Analysis of molecular variance showed the absence of diversity between regions and that between the populations (GST) was 41%. Genetic diversity was structured in seven clusters (ΔK7). Brazilian pepper populations were not structured in a pattern of isolation by distance and present genetic bottleneck. The populations São Mateus, Canastra, Barbacena, and Ilha das Flores were identified as management units and may support conservation projects, ecological restoration and in implementation of management plans for Brazilian pepper in the State of Sergipe.


Asunto(s)
Anacardiaceae/genética , Variación Genética , Brasil , ADN de Plantas , Marcadores Genéticos , Genotipo , Repeticiones de Microsatélite
13.
J Fish Biol ; 88(3): 1204-14, 2016 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26822755

RESUMEN

Monophyly of the genus Leporinus (Characiformes: Anostomidae) was tested by sequencing and analysing a total of 4732 bp, including two mitochondrial [cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) and cytochrome b (Cytb)] and three nuclear [myosin heavy chain 6 cardiac muscle alpha (Myh6), recombination activating gene 1 (RAG1) and recombination activating gene 2 (RAG2)] loci for 22 species of Leporinus, or c. 25% of all described species in the genus. Phylogenetic tree analyses (maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian species tree) indicate Leporinus to be paraphyletic, with monophyly being rejected by both Kishino-Hasegawa and Shimodaira-Hasegawa tests. The sequenced species of Leporinus are distributed across five clades that are interleaved among other anostomid genera. Several taxonomic changes are suggested as being necessary to restore monophyly for the group. The clade containing the type species, Leporinus fasciatus, should be considered Leporinus sensu stricto and at least three new genera should be described for other species currently considered part of Leporinus.


Asunto(s)
Characiformes/clasificación , Characiformes/genética , Genes Mitocondriales , Filogenia , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Teorema de Bayes , Citocromos b/genética , ADN/química , ADN/aislamiento & purificación , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/genética , Complejo IV de Transporte de Electrones/genética , Agua Dulce , Marcadores Genéticos , Proteínas de Homeodominio/genética , Funciones de Verosimilitud , Cadenas Pesadas de Miosina/genética , Alineación de Secuencia/veterinaria , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN/veterinaria
14.
Ann Dermatol Venereol ; 143(11): 691-696, 2016 Nov.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27646571

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The clinical polymorphism of syphilis leads to diagnostic issues. We report a case of secondary syphilis revealed by skin and mucosal erosions, and responsible for sensorineural hearing loss and asymptomatic papillitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A 55-year-old man presented oral and peri-anal erosions as the initial symptoms of secondary syphilis. He reported hypoacusis and a pure-tone audiogram revealed bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Ophthalmological investigation revealed isolated right papillitis and superior temporal scotoma with blind-spot enlargement. TPHA-VDRL serology was strongly positive for plasma (TPHA 1/10,240 and VDRL 1/64) but doubtful for cerebrospinal fluid. For his hearing and eye disorders, considered as related to neurosyphilis, the patient received a 14-day course of intravenous penicillin G, associated with systemic corticosteroids with gradual reduction over a period of fifteen weeks. The patient's skin and mucosal erosions resolved, as did his papillitis. His hearing loss remained stable. Serological monitoring at three months showed a sixteen-fold decrease in VDRL titre. DISCUSSION: The re-emergence of syphilis has led to increasing incidence of related ophthalmological and otological disorders. This report highlights the first-line role of the dermatologist in systematic diagnosis and in screening for associated involvement.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades del Ano/microbiología , Pérdida Auditiva Sensorineural/microbiología , Mucosa Bucal/microbiología , Papiledema/microbiología , Sífilis/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad
15.
Horm Metab Res ; 47(3): 165-7, 2015 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25679879

RESUMEN

Diffuse lipomatosis of the thyroid gland is a very rare disease, characterized by extensive infiltration of thyroid parenchyma by mature adipose tissue, usually not accompanied by amyloid fibrils deposition. The pathophysiology of adipose tissue infiltration in the thyroid gland remains unknown. We report a clinical case of a diffuse thyroid lipomatosis, whose immunohistochemical study of succinate dehydrogenase - subunit B (SDHB) revealed loss of expression of this protein in the follicular or adipose cells. We detected the presence of a recently described SDHB gene large deletion. Loss of mitochondrial SDHB expression may have a key role in understanding the pathophysiology of thyrolipomatosis, by regulating status of lipid metabolism.


Asunto(s)
Eliminación de Gen , Hipotiroidismo/enzimología , Lipomatosis/enzimología , Mitocondrias/enzimología , Succinato Deshidrogenasa/genética , Tejido Adiposo/enzimología , Humanos , Hipotiroidismo/genética , Lipomatosis/genética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Succinato Deshidrogenasa/metabolismo , Glándula Tiroides/enzimología
16.
Horm Metab Res ; 47(12): 910-5, 2015 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26021458

RESUMEN

Wolff-Chaikoff effect is characterized by the blockade of thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion due to iodine overload. However, the regulation of monocarboxylate transporter 8 during Wolff-Chaikoff effect and its possible role in the rapid reduction of T4 secretion by the thyroid gland remains unclear. Patients with monocarboxylate transporter 8 gene loss-of-function mutations and monocarboxylate transporter 8 knockout mice were shown to have decreased serum T4 levels, indicating that monocarboxylate transporter 8 could be involved in the secretion of thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the regulation of monocarboxylate transporter 8 during the Wolff-Chaikoff effect and the escape from iodine overload, besides the importance of iodine organification for this regulation. Monocarboxylate transporter 8 mRNA and protein levels significantly decreased after 1 day of NaI administration to rats, together with decreased serum T4; while no alteration was observed in LAT2 expression. Moreover, both monocarboxylate transporter 8 expression and serum T4 was restored after 6 days of NaI. The inhibition of thyroperoxidase activity by methimazole prevented the inhibitory effect of NaI on thyroid monocarboxylate transporter 8 expression, suggesting that an active thyroperoxidase is necessary for MCT8 downregulation by iodine overload, similarly to other thyroid markers, such as sodium iodide symporter. Therefore, we conclude that thyroid monocarboxylate transporter 8 expression is downregulated during iodine overload and that the normalization of its expression parallels the escape phenomenon. These data suggest a possible role for monocarboxylate transporter 8 in the changes of thyroid hormones secretion during the Wolff-Chaikoff effect and escape.


Asunto(s)
Yodo/metabolismo , Transportadores de Ácidos Monocarboxílicos/fisiología , Glándula Tiroides/metabolismo , Sistema de Transporte de Aminoácidos y+/análisis , Animales , Regulación hacia Abajo , Cadenas Ligeras de la Proteína-1 Reguladora de Fusión/análisis , Masculino , Transportadores de Ácidos Monocarboxílicos/análisis , Transportadores de Ácidos Monocarboxílicos/genética , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Hormonas Tiroideas/metabolismo
17.
Nanotechnology ; 26(42): 425703, 2015 Oct 23.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26421745

RESUMEN

Ion-induced damage and intermixing was evaluated in InGaN/GaN multi-quantum wells (MQWs) using 35 keV N(+) implantation at room temperature. In situ ion channeling measurements show that damage builds up with a similar trend for In and Ga atoms, with a high threshold for amorphization. The extended defects induced during the implantation, basal and prismatic stacking faults, are uniformly distributed across the quantum well structure. Despite the extremely high fluences used (up to 4 × 10(16) cm(-2)), the InGaN MQWs exhibit a high stability against ion beam mixing.

18.
J Endocrinol Invest ; 38(7): 779-84, 2015 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25722225

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) for the treatment of HIV-1 infection has been associated with complications, including lipodystrophy. Several interleukins have been implicated in the pathology and physiology of lipodystrophy. The present study aimed to compare the levels of IL-4 and IL-6 in HIV-1 patients under cART with and without, clinically and fat mass ratio defined, lipodystrophy and in four different groups of fat distribution: (1) no lipodystrophy; (2) isolated central fat accumulation; (3) isolated lipoatrophy and (4) mixed forms of lipodystrophy. METHODS: In the present cross-sectional study we evaluated IL-4 and IL-6 levels, insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity indexes in 86 HIV-infected adults under cART. RESULTS: No significant differences in IL-4 and IL-6 levels between the four groups of body composition were observed. Patients with HOMA-IR >4 presented higher levels of IL-6 and lower levels of IL-4, although without statistical significance. No correlation between IL-6, or IL-4, HOMA-IR and quantitative body fat mass distribution was found. CONCLUSION: Although there was a tendency for patients with isolated lipoatrophy and isolated fat accumulation to present higher IL-6 levels, these differences were not statistically significant. No differences were found relating IL-4 levels.


Asunto(s)
Antirretrovirales/efectos adversos , Distribución de la Grasa Corporal , Infecciones por VIH/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por VIH/metabolismo , Resistencia a la Insulina , Interleucina-4/sangre , Interleucina-6/sangre , Adulto , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/sangre , Síndrome de Lipodistrofia Asociada a VIH/sangre , Síndrome de Lipodistrofia Asociada a VIH/tratamiento farmacológico , Síndrome de Lipodistrofia Asociada a VIH/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad
19.
J Fish Biol ; 87(3): 559-78, 2015 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26201419

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to test if changes in land use alter the isotopic signature of fish species, promoting changes in the trophic position and food resource partitioning between these consumers. Three different systems were investigated: pasture streams (n = 3), streams in sugar cane plantations (n = 3) and reference streams (n = 3). Fish species Aspidoras fuscoguttatus, Astyanax altiparanae, Characidium zebra, Hisonotus piracanjuba and Knodus moenkhausii were selected, and their nitrogen and carbon isotopic compositions were estimated to assess changes in the trophic level and partitioning of food items consumed. The composition of δ(13) C (‰) only differed among the land use categories for A. altiparanae, H. piracanjuba and K. moenkhausii. Resource partitioning was different for all species, with changes in the sources or proportions they consumed in each land use category, but only A. altiparanae introduced new food sources in large quantity in altered land uses. It is important to note, however, that the results from the resource partitioning analysis are limited due to large overlapping of isotopic signatures between the analysed food resources. All fish species exhibited variation in δ(15) N (‰), with the highest values found in streams under sugar cane or pasture influence. Despite the variation in nitrogen isotopic values, only C. zebra and H. piracanjuba displayed changes in trophic level. Therefore, it is believed that the increase in the δ(15) N (‰) value of the individuals collected in streams under the influence of sugar cane or pasture was due to the greater influence of livestock dung and chemical and organic fertilizers. The results also highlight the importance of studying consumer species along with all forms of resources available at each location separately, because the signatures of these resources also vary within different land uses.


Asunto(s)
Isótopos de Carbono/análisis , Peces , Isótopos de Nitrógeno/análisis , Agricultura , Animales , Carbono , Fertilizantes , Cadena Alimentaria , Estiércol , Nitrógeno , Ríos , Saccharum
20.
J Fish Biol ; 87(1): 159-68, 2015 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25988313

RESUMEN

The identification of fish larvae from two neotropical hydrographic basins using traditional morphological taxonomy and DNA barcoding revealed no conflicting results between the morphological and barcode identification of larvae. A lower rate (25%) of correct morphological identification of eggs as belonging to migratory or non-migratory species was achieved. Accurate identification of ichthyoplankton by DNA barcoding is an important tool for fish reproductive behaviour studies, correct estimation of biodiversity by detecting eggs from rare species, as well as defining environmental and management strategies for fish conservation in the neotropics.


Asunto(s)
Código de Barras del ADN Taxonómico , Peces/clasificación , Óvulo , Animales , Brasil , Peces/anatomía & histología , Larva
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA