RESUMEN
A series of O-acyl derivatives of 6-hydroxybenzothiazole-2-sulfonamide (4, L-643,799) was prepared and the potential utility of each series member as a topically active inhibitor of ocular carbonic anhydrase was determined. In vitro studies showed these esters to be substrates for ocular esterases which liberate 4 during corneal translocation. The most interesting series member, 2-sulfamoyl-6-benzothiazolyl 2,2-dimethylpropionate (22, L-645,151), acting as a prodrug form of 4, was found to enhance delivery through the isolated albino rabbit cornea by 40-fold when compared to the parent phenol 4. Studies in rabbits revealed that 22 is a potent topically active ocular hypotensive carbonic anhydrase inhibitor.
Asunto(s)
Inhibidores de Anhidrasa Carbónica , Etoxzolamida/farmacología , Tiazoles/farmacología , Animales , Benzotiazoles , Inhibidores de Anhidrasa Carbónica/síntesis química , Fenómenos Químicos , Química , Córnea/enzimología , Etoxzolamida/administración & dosificación , Etoxzolamida/síntesis química , Cobayas , Humanos , Presión Intraocular/efectos de los fármacos , Soluciones Oftálmicas , Profármacos/administración & dosificación , Profármacos/síntesis química , Profármacos/farmacología , Conejos , Tiazoles/administración & dosificación , Tiazoles/síntesis químicaRESUMEN
In a prospective study of 505 hearing impaired and deaf students conducted at Children's Hospital Eye Clinic, 48.7% were found to have significant ocular abnormalities. The prevalence of myopia, astigmatism, and pathological intraocular changes was found to be significantly increased over the general population. In addition, the prevalence of ocular abnormalities generally increased with the severity of the hearing loss. Of importance was the high prevalence of rubella-consistent abnormalities in the hearing impaired and deaf student populations. Rubella syndrome may be responsible for a major portion of high refractive errors and ocular pathological changes. It is recommended that ENT specialists and pediatricians be aware of the nearly 50% chance of ocular abnormality in hearing impaired and deaf students, and that ophthalmologic examination may be valuable for identification or confirmation of the etiology of hearing impairment.
Asunto(s)
Sordera/complicaciones , Trastornos de la Audición/complicaciones , Errores de Refracción/complicaciones , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Femenino , Trastornos de la Audición/etiología , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalencia , Estudios Prospectivos , Errores de Refracción/etiologíaRESUMEN
Graves' thyroid ophthalmopathy primarily affects women in their third through sixth decade. Sixty-seven patients with clinical myopathic ophthalmic Graves' disease examined (by SCB) between 1982 and 1989 were measured for changes in upgaze intraocular pressure and strabismus. Special attention was paid to "masquerade" symptoms, including pseudosuperior oblique palsies and cyclotorsions. Any correlation between the extent of hypertropia on muscle exam and upgaze intraocular pressure changes is examined. Data suggest that significant changes in introcular pressure in upgaze correlate with more severe extraocular muscle involvement, may represent progression to muscle fibrosis, and occur uniformly in our study of patients who progress to require inferior rectus recession.