[The enlightenment of foreign MD-MPH double degree program to the cultivation of high-level applied public health talents in China].

Objective: To understand the current status of foreign dual-degree programs of Medical Doctor (MD) and Master of Public Health (MPH) and provide evidence-based decision-making reference for promoting the education of high-level applied public health talents in China. Methods: The list of involved institutions and information of foreign MD-MPH dual-degree programs was collected through literature retrieval, online information searching, and additional survey of key figures. We extracted the details of each project regarding professional fields, core competence, length of schooling, teaching and learning arrangement, internship eligibility, and graduation assessment. Python 3.8.0 was used for data cleaning, and the occurrence frequency of related items in each dimension was calculated. Results: A total of 99 MD-MPH programs from 104 foreign institutions were included, among which 97.1% of them were implemented in universities from the United States. The School of Public Health provided 42.4% (42/99) of the programs. Epidemiology was the major discipline set up among most programs, accounting for 12.0% (29/241) of all the specialties involved. Epidemiological research methods, health policy management and practice, and public health practice were the top 3 core competencies to be mastered. Of the 99 programs, 87 gave information on the length of the program, of which 74.7% (65/87) were five years, 6.9% (6/87) were four years, and 18.4% (16/87) included both 4-year and 5-year programs. Conclusions: The international MD-MPH programs were sophisticated and mainly organized by the School of Public Health alone or in conjunction with the School of Medicine. Epidemiology is the core course and competence objective, with a length of 4-5 years. Through learning experience from international MD-MPH programs and the Chinese unique medical development background, China should optimize its medical education system to develop a suitable talent training strategy for MD-MPH dual-degree programs in the new era.

[HSP90 inhibitor 17-AAG plays an important role in JAK3/STAT5 signaling pathways in HTLV-1 infection cell line HUT-102].

Objective: To analyze whether heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90) be involved in a permanently abnormal activated JAK/STAT signaling in ATL cells in vitro. Methods: The effect of 17-AAG on proliferation of ATL cell lines HUT-102 was assessed using CCK8 at different time points. Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. The specific proteins HSP90, STAT5, p-STAT5 and JAK3 were detected by Western blotting. Results: Overexpression of HSP90 in HUT-102 cell lines was disclosed (P<0.05) , and constitutive activation of JAK3/STAT5 signaling was observed in HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines but not in normal PBMCs; Treatment of ATL cell lines with 17-AAG led to reduced cell proliferation, but there was no significant change in terms of cell proliferation when the concentration of 17-AAG between 2 000-8 000 nmol/L (P>0.05) . 17-AAG induced cell apoptosis in different time-points and concentrations. 17-AAG don't affect the expression of JAK3 gene. Conclusion: This study indicated that JAK3 as HSP90 client protein was aberrantly activated in HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines, leading to constitutive activation of p-STAT5 in JAK/STAT signal pathway, which demonstrated that HSP90-inhibitors 17-AAG inhibited the growth of HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines by reducing cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis.

People's Republic of China: perspectives in school health.

As the population growth rate of the People's Republic of China slows, the health of its schoolchildren is improving. A three-tiered health system incorporating traditional and modern medicine is reflected in an educational curriculum that is based on community involvement and, more recently, on prevention. The Chinese Ministry of Public Health focuses on three main issues affecting the health of schoolchildren: poor vision (myopia), dental care, and nutrition. Vision problems are predominant among Chinese students and are addressed through treatment, improved architectural design of school buildings, and lessening of homework assignments. Dental care is addressed through treatment and education. Nutrition, a problem primarily among rural schoolchildren, is addressed through vitamin and mineral supplements and community involvement.

Medial synovial entrapment syndrome of the hip in Chinese children.

BACKGROUND: "Medial synovial entrapment syndrome of the hip" is a preliminary name given by the authors to describe the topic of this paper. The authors hope to elicit the concern of clinicians and further explore the feasibility of this nomenclature for the described syndrome. METHODS: A total of 26 children with synovial disorder of the hip complained of limited motion and pain of various degrees in the hip, and a limp or refusal to bear weight. Clinical presentation, image studies, course and management were thoroughly reviewed and compared with other well-established synovial disorders of the hip. RESULTS: Twenty-two of the patients were cured by bedrest, skin traction and manipulative reduction. The remaining four patients were treated with surgery and had satisfactory results. Because of its unique clinical manifestation and the good results obtained from manipulative reduction, it is difficult to compare this condition with any other well-established disease entities. Thus, the authors suggest medial synovial entrapment syndrome of the hip (SES) as a preliminary name. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the 26 Chinese children with SES studied, the authors used clinical, anatomic and biomechanical bases for deriving this nomenclature. The similarity between transient synovitis and SES is discussed.