Molecular structure and vibrational study of diprotonated guanazolium using DFT calculations and FT-IR and FT-Raman spectroscopies.

The purpose of this manuscript is to discuss our investigations of diprotonated guanazolium chloride using vibrational spectroscopy and quantum chemical methods. The solid phase FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra were recorded in the regions 4000-400cm(-1) and 3600-50cm(-1) respectively, and the band assignments were supported by deuteration effects. Different sites of diprotonation have been theoretically examined at the B3LYP/6-31G level. The results of energy calculations show that the diprotonation process occurs with the two pyridine-like nitrogen N2 and N4 of the triazole ring. The molecular structure, harmonic vibrational wave numbers, infrared intensities and Raman activities were calculated for this form by DFT/B3LYP methods, using a 6-31G basis set. Both the optimized geometries and the theoretical and experimental spectra for diprotonated guanazolium under a stable form are compared with theoretical and experimental data of the neutral molecule reported in our previous work. This comparison reveals that the diprotonation occurs on the triazolic nucleus, and provide information about the hydrogen bonding in the crystal. The scaled vibrational wave number values of the diprotonated form are in close agreement with the experimental data. The normal vibrations were characterized in terms of potential energy distribution (PED) using the VEDA 4 program.

Molecular geometry and vibrational studies of 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole using quantum chemical calculations and FT-IR and FT-Raman spectroscopies.

The 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole (guanazole) was investigated by vibrational spectroscopy and quantum methods. The solid phase FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra were recorded in the region 4000-400 cm(-1) and 3600-50 cm(-1) respectively, and the band assignments were supported by deuteration effects. The results of energy calculations have shown that the most stable form is 1H-3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazole under C1 symmetry. For this form, the molecular structure, harmonic vibrational wave numbers, infrared intensities and Raman activities were calculated by the ab initio/HF and DFT/B3LYP methods using 6-31G* basis set. The calculated geometrical parameters of the guanazole molecule using B3LYP methodology are in good agreement with the previously reported X-ray data, and the scaled vibrational wave number values are in good agreement with the experimental data. The normal vibrations were characterized in terms of potential energy distribution (PEDs) using VEDA 4 program.

Synthesis and structure of a new copper(II) complex with 3,4'-bi-1,2,4-triazolate.

The salt diaquo-diammine-bis(3,4'-bi-1,2,4-triazolate) copper(II) of the formula [Cu(bTA-)2(NH3)2(H2O)2] has been synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis. This complex adopts a monomeric structure. This monomer crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1 with a=5.9657 Å; b=6.8975 Å; c=9.9892 Å; α=106.181°; ß=97.868°; γ=90.800° and Z=1. The Cu atom is coordinated by two nitrogen atoms of two monodentate bitriazolate ligands, two nitrogen atoms of NH3 and two water molecules in a distorted octahedral geometry. The complex has been also characterized by elemental analysis and studied by electronic and vibrational spectroscopy. The obtained results are in good agreement with the structure determined by X-ray diffraction analysis.

Ab initio and density functional study of the geometrical, electronic and vibrational properties of 3,4'-bi-1,2,4-triazole.

The conventional ab initio method at the closed restricted Hartree-Fock level (RHF) and the density functional theory (DFT) approach at the B3-LYP level, using the 6-31+G* basis set, are applied to predict the molecular structure and the energetic and the vibrational properties (harmonic wave numbers, force fields and potential energy distributions) of the 3,4'-bi-1,2,4-triazole and of two deuterated derivatives (ND and ND(CD)(3)). The theoretical results are compared to the Raman and infrared vibrational data. Using both methods, there is a very good agreement between theory and experiment concerning not only the wave numbers but also the isotopic shifts. This accordance allows us to validate the calculated structure of bTA. This molecule is characterized by an aromatic structure in which two triazolic rings are linked by a CN bond, intermediary between a single and double bond, in a planar conformation. From a methodological point of view, the B3-LYP method predicts more accurate structure and harmonic vibrational wave numbers than the RHF method.