Bibliometric and visual analysis in the field of ketogenic diet on cancer from 2012 to 2021.

Increasing evidence demonstrated that the ketogenic diet (KD) played a positive effect on cancer treatment. However, no systematic review and bibliometric analysis were conducted in this field. This study aimed to explore the current status, and reveal the potential trends and hotspots to provide a reference for future research. Publications were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace (5.6.R3) software and the website of bibliometrics were used for visual analysis. A total of 500 publications with 334 articles and 166 reviews were included, with the timespan of 2012 to 2021. The United States was the most productive country. Majority of the top 10 institutions were from the United States, and Harvard University was the top-contributing institution. The most prolific author and the co-cited author was Thomas N Seyfried from Boston College. The highest cited reference was published in PLoS ONE, authored by Abdelwahab Mohammed G, with 161 citations. Glioma and breast cancer were the most common types of cancer in this field, while hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer were the new hotspots. The anti-tumor mechanism of KD mainly focused on regulating metabolism, decanoic acid, oxidative stress, fatty acid oxidation, and cell apoptosis. Additionally, the presence of "chemotherapy" and "radiotherapy" in the keywords indicated that KD combined with anti-tumor research was a topic, while "immunotherapy" has became a recent frontiers. Notably, as a metabolic therapy, KD was deserved more attention in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer, and KD combined with immunotherapy was the new hotspot and frontier. Additionally, more molecular studies and high-quality uniformly, randomized, controlled clinical trials are urgently warranted to evaluate the effect of KD in multiple cancers.

Ginsenoside Rk3 Inhibits the Extramedullary Infiltration of Acute Monocytic Leukemia Cell via miR-3677-5p/CXCL12 Axis.

Background: Acute monocytic leukemia belongs to type M5 of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) classified by FAB, which appears a high incidence of extramedullary infiltration (EMI) and poor prognosis. In this study, we observed the inhibitory effect of ginsenoside Rk3 on the EMI of monocytic leukemia cells and initially explored its related mechanism of targeting the miR-3677-5p/CXCL12 axis. Methods: The MTT assay and colony formation assay were used to detect the inhibitory effect of Rk3 on proliferation. Both cellular migration and invasion were observed by the Transwell assay. The expression levels of miR-3677-5p, CXCL12, and CXCR4 were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot, as well as overexpression of miR-3677-5p by transfected with lentivirus and detection of a dual luciferase reporter gene. The expression of MMP2 and TIMP2 was detected by immunofluorescence. Results: Rk3 effectively inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion associated with EMI of leukemia. The leukemia cells of M5 patients with EMI showed low expression of miR-3677-5p but high expression of the mRNA of CXCL12 and CXCR4. Overexpression of miR-3677-5p or intervention of CXCL12 effectively inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of SHI-1 cells. The luciferase assay showed that CXCL12 was the downstream target gene of miR-3677-5p. After overexpression of miR-3677-5p or intervention of CXCL12 in combination with Rk3, the inhibitory effect on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of SHI-1 cells was more obvious. Importantly, Rk3 significantly regulated the expression levels of miR-3677-5p, CXCL12, CXCR4, and EMI-related functional proteins including MMP2 and TIMP2. Overexpression of miR-3677-5p or intervention of CXCL12 also regulated the expression of MMP2 and TIMP2. Conclusions: The leukemia cells of M5 patients with EMI appeared to have low expression of miR-3677-5p and high expression of the mRNA of CXCL12 and CXCR4, which may be used as indicators of EMI and poor prognosis. Rk3 is effective in inhibiting the EMI of SHI-1 cells by targeting the miR-3677-5p/CXCL12 axis.

Signal Recognition Based on APSO-RBF Neural Network to Assist Athlete's Competitive Ability Evaluation.

The advanced analysis and research methods of big data will provide theoretical support for the integration of athletes' talent training. The advanced technological methods of big data will also give full play to the advantages of tapping the potential of talents and actively improve the success rate of grassroots young athletes. This paper proposes an improved Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization (APSO) algorithm for the optimization of radial basis function (RBF) neural network parameters. The basic structure of RBF neural network is introduced, and the influence of parameters on the performance of RBF neural network is analyzed. The optimization method of RBF neural network parameters is analyzed, and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is selected as the parameter optimization method of RBF neural network. In addition, an improved APSO algorithm is proposed according to the advantages and disadvantages of PSO and compared with other PSO algorithms. Experimental results show that the improved PSO algorithm has better accuracy. The improved PSO algorithm is applied to the parameter optimization of RBF neural network, and the experimental results prove the superiority of the proposed method. By weighting the second-level indicators, the weights of the second-level indicators of athletes' competitive ability are in order of skill, athletic quality, psychological ability, and artistic expression. Skills are the main factors that determine the level of competitive ability. Sports quality and psychological ability are important guarantees for supporting the normal performance of skills. Artistic expressiveness is a supplementary factor for competitive ability. The various elements cooperate with each other and interact with each other. The indicators do not exist alone but cooperate with each other to support the formation of the entire athletic ability system. In the content of the competitive ability index of excellent athletes, technical ability is the core, and sports quality, psychological ability, and artistic performance ability ultimately exist to serve the improvement of technical ability. The competition scores of the 100 athletes counted in this article are all above 9.0 points. The difference between APSO-RBF's action quality scores of 100 athletes and the real value is less than 3%. In terms of movement difficulty, the APSO-RBF evaluated athletes' scores are close to 1.65 points, which is basically the same as the real value.

Antitumor and immunomodulatory effects of a water-soluble polysaccharide from Lilii Bulbus in mice.

Lilii Bulbus is a popular folk medicine in the worldwide and has attracted great attention due to its bioactivity against respiratory system diseases (include lung cancers). This study was the first report providing in vivo evidences of antitumor potential of the bioactive polysaccharide from Lilii Bulbus. One major fraction (LBP-1) was obtained by purifying the crude polysaccharides extracted from Lilii Bulbus. Chemical characterization analysis indicated that LBP-1 was only a glucan, whose average molecular weight was 30.5 kDa. Intraperitoneal administration of LBP-1 at the doses of 50-200mg/kg significantly inhibited the growth of Lewis lung carcinoma. Moreover, it could also obviously increase macrophage phagocytosis, splenocytes proliferation and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-12) production to participate in the antitumor effects. LBP-1 could act as antitumor agent with immunomodulatory activity.