A large germline deletion in the Chek2 kinase gene is associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer.

BACKGROUND: Germline mutations in the Chek2 kinase gene (CHEK2) have been associated with a range of cancer types. Recently, a large deletion of exons 9 and 10 of CHEK2 was identified in several unrelated patients with breast cancer of Czech or Slovak origin. The geographical and ethnic extent of this founder allele has not yet been determined. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: We assayed for the presence of this deletion, and of three other CHEK2 founder mutations, in 1864 patients with prostate cancer and 5496 controls from Poland. RESULTS: The deletion was detected in 24 of 5496 (0.4%) controls from the general population, and is the most common CHEK2 truncating founder allele in Polish patients. The deletion was identified in 15 of 1864 (0.8%) men with unselected prostate cancer (OR 1.9; 95% CI 0.97 to 3.5; p = 0.09) and in 4 of 249 men with familial prostate cancer (OR 3.7; 95% CI 1.3 to 10.8; p = 0.03). These ORs were similar to those associated with the other truncating mutations (IVS2+1G-->A, 1100delC). CONCLUSION: A large deletion of exons 9 and 10 of CHEK2 confers an increased risk of prostate cancer in Polish men. The del5395 founder deletion might be present in other Slavic populations, including Ukraine, Belarus, Russia, Baltic and Balkan countries. It will be of interest to see to what extent this deletion is responsible for the burden of prostate cancer in other populations.

[Usefulness of voiding history using voiding dysfunction questionnaire in diagnosis of lower urinary tract dysfunction in women]. / Przydatnosc wywiadu zbieranego za pomoca kwestionariusza dolegliwosci urologicznych w ocenie zaburzen dolnych dróg moczowych u kobiet.

OBJECTIVES: The two functions of the lower urinary tract are the filling/storage and emptying. Similarly lower urinary tract symptoms can be subdivided. DESIGN: The aim of the study was the estimation of usefulness of present complaints-voiding history in diagnosis of lower urinary tract dysfunctions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 53 women with the mean age of 37.2 (range of 16 to 70) with chronic lower urinary tract symptoms without neurogenic or organic disease were examined. RESULTS: There was only a correlation between urge incontinence and bladder instability (p = 0.0075). CONCLUSION: There were no correlation (except urge incontinence) between symptoms and lower urinary tract dysfunctions.

[Vesico-uterine fistula]. / Przetoki pecherzowo-maciczne w materiale wlasnym.

Our observations of 14 women with vesico-uterine fistulas as a result of caesarean section complications were presented. The patients were treated between 1965-1999 in urology clinic in Lublin. The case were diagnosed on the basis of medical history, radiological investigations and cystoscopy. In 3 cases hysterectomy was performed, in the rest of cases uterus was preserved and after the first operation complete recovery was observed.

[Results of treatment of vesicovaginal fistulas]. / Wyniki leczenia przetok pecherzowo-pochwowych.

OBJECTIVES: The results of treatment of 74 patients with vesicovaginal fistulas are presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical analysis have been performed in 74 women aged from 24 to 70 years (on average 53.4), who had to be treated for vesicovaginal fistulas in the Department of Urology of Lublin University School of Medicine between 1966-1999. RESULTS: The most common cause of vesicovaginal fistulas was gynaecological surgery. Patients who-underwent the operation 96, 9% were cured (after 1st operation 84, 8%). 8 cases were cured by using conservative therapy.