RESUMEN
The dopaminergic neurotoxin N-methyl,4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) causes a syndrome in primates and humans which mimics Parkinson's disease (PD) in clinical, pathological, and biochemical findings, including diminished activity of complex I in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Reduced complex I activity is found in sporadic PD and can be transferred through mitochondrial DNA, suggesting a mitochondrial genetic etiology. We now show that MPTP treatment of mice and N-methylpyridinium (MPP+) exposure of human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells increases oxygen free radical production and antioxidant enzyme activities. Cybrid cells created by transfer of PD mitochondria exhibit similar characteristics; however, PD cybrids' antioxidant enzyme activities are not further increased by MPP+ exposure, as are the activities in control cybrids. PD mitochondrial cybrids are subject to metabolic and oxidative stresses similar to MPTP parkinsonism and provide a model to determine mechanisms of oxidative damage and cell death in PD.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Encéfalo/enzimología , Neuronas/metabolismo , Enfermedad de Parkinson Secundaria/metabolismo , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , 1-Metil-4-fenil-1,2,3,6-Tetrahidropiridina/farmacología , Animales , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Catalasa/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Glutatión Reductasa/metabolismo , Humanos , Células Híbridas , Radical Hidroxilo/metabolismo , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Neuroblastoma , Neuronas/enzimología , Estrés Oxidativo , Enfermedad de Parkinson Secundaria/enzimología , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Células Tumorales CultivadasRESUMEN
The Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence--Revised and the Stanford Binet-Intelligence Scale: Fourth Edition were given to 51 preschool, kindergarten, first, and second grade students. Twelve of 15 Pearson correlations between Wechsler IQs and composite and area scores of the Stanford-Binet IV were statistically significant. It is apparent that the two tests measure similar, but not identical, concepts.