[The concentrations of certain cytokins and lactoferrin in blood and supernatants of cell cultures in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis].

The analysis was applied to serum and supernatants of day cultures of blood cells of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and healthy women to determine the content of cytokins (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-beta, IL-6, IL-10, L-17) and lactoferrin. The test-system "Cytokin-Stimul-Best" was applied. It is established that in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis the proliferative response of cells to mitogen stimulation is lowered in vitro: the levels of alpha-tumor necrosis factor interleikin-6, lactoferrin. The stimulation index of alpha-tumor necrosis factor, interleikin-6, 1beta, 10 and interferon was statistically reliably lower in supernatants of mitogen stimulated cultures of cells of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis as compared with indicators of healthy women.

[The standardization of technique of detection of blood cells cytokine production ex vivo].

The standardized technique to detect the blood cells cytokine production ex vivo was developed. The complex of mitogens of phytohemagglutinin P, phytohemagglutinin M, lipopolysaccharide, concanavalin A is applied to provide the mitogen activation. This approach permits to activate the different types of immunocompetent cells and to induce the secretion of cytokine representative series. It is demonstrated that the application of this technique permits to receive the reproducible results of the secretion of cytokine following the standard procedure. The standard values of spontaneous and mitogene-induced production of cytokines by blood cells of healthy human are determined.

[Acute inflammation phase reactants and interleukin-8 in myocardial infarction].

The study was undertaken to search for additional diagnostic criteria allowing the depth of myocardial damage to be estimated in males aged 57.2 +/- 9.6 years. Few interrelated acute phase reaction indices, including the levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8), lactoferrin (LF), alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha2-MG), plasmin (PL) and alpha2-MG-PL circulating complexes, were studied in serum on days 1, 7, and 17 of the onset of the disease. In small-focal myocardial infarction, the levels of alpha2-MG and PL were decreased on day 1 and those of LF and IL-8 were increased on day 14. On the contrary, in large-focal myocardial infarction, the concentrations of IL-8 and LF rose just on day 1 while those of alpha2-MG and PL remained unchanged. The detected differences may be used as additional criteria in differential diagnosis, particularly when ECG was of no informative value. Further, the concurrent elevation of alpha2-MG, PL, and PL-alpha2MG concentrations in large-focal myocardial infarction is indicative of poor prognosis.

[Various acute phase reactants in different types of proliferative diseases of the uterine appendages].

The authors examined serum in patients with ovarian cancer (OC; a disseminated process), ovarian cystadenoma (OCA), or external endometriosis (EM) before treatment and in apparently healthy females (a control) for the content of some acute-phase proteins and cytokines to clarify the specific features of changes in their concentrations in relation to the type of the proliferative process. It was shown that in OC, there were significant reductions in the levels of alpha2-macroglobulin (MG), plasmin (PL), alpha1-antitrypsin (AT) and statistically significantly increases in the content of lactoferrin (LF), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, Ig, and the regulatory transport complex of P--M. In M, the concentrations of AT were lower and those of IL-6, IL-8, and PL-MG were higher (to a lesser degree than those in OC). In OCA, the levels of MG and IgA were increased; those of IL-8 and PL-MG were decreased. The concentrations of interferon and IgM were unchanged in all groups. The findings suggest that difefrent proliferative processes initially provoke a number of changes of varying magnitude and even directions in the serum levels of inflammation reactants, which should be borne in mind when conducting clinical tests in the intraoperative and, probably, postoperative periods.

[The morphology of the micro-capsulated polyacrylic acid-based formulation of measles vaccine].

The morphology and virus localization were studied in the microcapsulated measles vaccine formulation involving polyacrylic acid (PAA) copolymers as a matrix. Transmission electron microscopy and phosphotungsic staining at a pH value of 2 to 7 showed that the morphology of microparticles was related to the value of pH and to the concentration of a polymer in the matrix. In the neutral medium, the microcapsules had the sizes of 0.5 to 10 microm, which were optimal for transport through the intestinal wall when immunization was orally used. Immunocytochemistry revealed measles virus antigen within the microparticles. The specific activity of the microcapsulated formulation of measles virus was as high as 3.36 and 4.31 lg of TCD50/0.5 ml for the samples containing 1 and 0.1% polymer, respectively. The findings suggest that the microparticles of the vaccine contain live measles virus.

[Experimental evaluation of delivery means of potential anti-HIV microbicides]. / Eksperimental'naia otsenka sredstv dostavki potentsial'nykh anti-VICh-mikrobotsidov.

The purpose was to develop an effective drug of local intravaginal membranetropic microbicide based on polycarboxylate and matrix modified by norbonene and/or peptide (simulator of CCR5 coreceptor). The drug was added to the composition of polyacrykic acid-polyvinylpyrrolidone (interpolymer complexes) in order to prevent the interplay of its non-specific groups with proteins. The antiviral effect and absence of toxicity of the finished microbicide form were demonstrated on the human lymphoid MT-4 culture.

[Development of microencapsulating measles live vaccine]. / Razrabotka mikrokapsulirovannoi formy zhivoi korevoi vaktsiny.

Designing of non-injection methods of immunization against measles has recently turned into a topical issue. Development of mucosal vaccines ensuring the "entry gate" immunity, which is highly effective in airborne infection, is in the focus of attention. The authors developed a method of microencapsulating the viral particles into the matrix of pH-dependent polymers. Microencapsulated live measles vaccine shaped as 0.6-2.0 microm particles was obtained. The specific activity of measles virus in the drug was 3.36-4.31 log TCD50/0.5 ml. In subcutaneous immunization of guinea pigs with capsules, the best results were obtained in a single administration of vaccine based on ethylcrylate, sodium alginate/ chitosan and sodium slaginate/HMDA. In the intranasal administration of vaccine based on sodium alginate/spermin and sodium alginate/HMDA, there was a need in 2 and 3 stages of immunization.

[Morphology of the microencapsulated form of measles vaccine based on pH-dependent polymers]. / Morfologiia mikrokapsulirovannoi formy korevoi vaktsiny na osnove pH-zavisimykh polimerov.

Morphology of microparticles of the microencapsulated measles vaccine was studied by cryofractography, transmission electronic microscopy and by atomic force microscopy; co-polymers of polyacrylic acid and of sodium-alginate (spermidine) complexes were used as the matrix. The different-composition microcapsules had clear-cut borders and a certain range of sizes; but they were different in morphology, and their structures and densities varied identically with regard for a medium acidity, which is apparently preconditioned by some conformation-type alterations of matrix molecules. The studied preparations can, probably, protect the viral material in the stomach aggressive medium and release the material to ensure its contact with the intestine lymph tissue; thereof, they can be referred to as promising for further study of mucosal vaccines.