Assessment of Nursing Staff's Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Oral Hygiene Care in Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Oral care is one of the fundamental nursing care procedures used to decrease oral colonization, dental plaque, respiratory infections, patient stay, and cost. The importance of good oral hygiene for patients in intensive care units (ICUs) is well recognized, however, the most effective way to achieve good oral care in the ICU is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nursing professionals regarding oral healthcare in ICUs among various medical institutes across India. Materials and methods: A questionnaire-based multicentric cross-sectional survey was conducted among registered nursing professionals employed at ICUs of three government tertiary healthcare centers (THC) of India: THC-I, THC-II, and THC-III located in the eastern and northern parts of India between February 2022 and July 2022. Results: A total of 150 nurses completed the questionnaire form (response rate: 62.5%) comprised of 49 (32.7%) males and 101 (67.3%) females with a mean age of 35.69 ± 7.7 years. Nursing officers' knowledge surpassed that of staff nurses regarding the duration of toothbrushing (p = 0.033). Among interinstitutional comparisons, THC-I nurses showed the greatest knowledge regarding the duration of toothbrushing and the mechanism of preventing saliva accumulation to reduce microbial growth (p = 0.013 and p = 0.003, respectively). Based on total work experience, participants were segregated into three groups: Group I (<7 years), group II (7.1-13.9 years), and group III (>14 years). Group II surpassed the knowledge of denture removal during sleep, cleaning after every meal, and storing in personalized air-tight containers (p = 0.001 and p = 0.036, respectively). The majority from group II recommended plain saline as the material for oral hygiene maintenance in ICU patients (p = 0.008). Group III predominantly practiced the ideal handwashing technique pre- and post-patient contact which was statistically significant (p = 0.001). Conclusion: This study observed that a knowledge gap exists among the nurses of the three institutes across India pertaining to the oral hygiene care of ICU patients. Nurse's education and implementation of the proper oral hygiene measures for intubated patients in ICU setup is an essential need. How to cite this article: Kumar S, Singh B, Mahuli AV, Kumar S, Singh A, Jha AK. Assessment of Nursing Staff's Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Oral Hygiene Care in Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(1):48-57.

Assessment of Risk of Malignancy of Fine-needle Aspiration Cytology in Salivary Gland Lesions Using the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology Categorization: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the salivary gland is crucial in the identification of salivary gland lesions, but the variation in morphological pattern and the overlap of morphological traits can result in erroneous interpretation and affect treatment, making FNAC of the salivary gland problematic. The Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) was created to address these problems. OBJECTIVES: To ascertain whether the FNAC method using MSRSGC was reliable in predicting the risk of malignancy (ROM) in each category of salivary gland lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The databases PubMed-MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, Scopus, and Google Scholar were all searched using pertinent keywords, reference searches, and citation searches. A fixed effect model was used to determine the pooled proportion with a 95% confidence interval (CI). All statistical analyses were performed using Meta Disc and R version 4.0.2 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing). RESULTS: After reviewing the submissions' abstracts and titles, 58 documents that satisfied the necessary inclusion and exclusion criteria were ultimately selected. A total of 19,652 samples from 19,408 individuals was analyzed, out of which 9,958 samples were available for histopathological follow-up. The pooled ROM for category I was 10%, category II was 5%, category III was 28%, category IV A was 2%, Category IV B was 34%, category V was 91%, and category VI was 99%. CONCLUSION: Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology is useful for risk stratification and quality control, confirming its validity and diagnostic utility. Widespread use of MSRSGC would improve the accuracy of salivary gland cytology and lead to better patient care and improved treatment strategies. The results of this study are in consonance with reported values as per MSRSGC except for category V. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The MSRSGC which was first reported in 2018 is a very useful tool for proper stratification of ROM in salivary gland FNAC. This study allowed us to validate the ROM values in different categories as reported in MSRSGC.

Quantitative Analysis of Publication Trends in the Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society between 2011 and 2020.

AIM: To analyze quantitatively the trends in publication and compare the scientific content published during 2011-2015 and 2016-2020. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An online search for all the different manuscripts published from 2011 to 2020 was performed electronically on the website of the Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society (JIPS). The manuscripts were grouped into the following broader categories: Author, article grouping, original article subtype, prosthetic division, and statistical analysis. RESULTS: The authors from private institutions showed higher publication trends than the authors from government institutions. The period 2016-2020 showed a higher number of publications with four or more authors. There was more original research published, followed by case reports. There was an increasing trend in a systematic review during 2016-2020 as compared to the period 2011-2015. There were a greater number of in vitro experimental studies published with a comparison of the means in the statistical analysis. There was more publication on materials and technology, followed by implants in the prosthetic division of articles. CONCLUSION: The analysis shows the overall progress of the journal explains the characteristics of the authors involved in the research, highlights the types of research done, statistical methods used, and important areas of research and trends in research in prosthodontics at a national level. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The publication trends will focus on the research thrust areas and the type of research done in the specialty, pointing out the gaps in the research and identifying the future course of action for authors and journals. It also helps for comparison with international publication trends in prosthodontics and provides information to prospective authors to focus research on the priority areas of the concerned journal for better acceptance.

Separation Effect and Perception of Pain and Discomfort from Kesling and Elastomeric Orthodontic Separators: An In Vivo Study.

AIM: To scrutinize Kesling and elastomeric orthodontic separators, focusing on the separating effect as well as patients' perception of pain together with discomfort. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The separators tested were elastomeric as well as Kesling separators. Thirty subjects, scheduled for treatment having a fixed orthodontic appliance, were categorized into two groups. In group I subjects, elastomeric separators were placed, whereas in group II subjects, Kesling separators were placed. After 3 days, the extent of separation was recorded with a leaf gauge. A questionnaire of eight questions and visual analog scale were used to note the patient perceptions of pain and discomfort. RESULTS: The mean separation formed by elastomeric and Kesling separator was 0.0457 and 0.0437 mm, respectively, of which elastomeric separator had made highest separation than the other separator used for the generation of separation at day 1 whereas the mean separation created by the elastomeric and Kesling separator at day 2 was 0.2327 mm and 0.1903 mm, respectively. 46.7% of patients on day 1, and on day 2, 56.7% of patients reported discomfort but not pain, while 73.3% of patients on day 3 reported discomfort but not pain from both types of separator. On day 1, 6.7% of patients, 13.3% on day 2, and 6.7% again on day 3 reported feeling pressure but no pain or discomfort. CONCLUSION: Elastomeric separators exhibited the highest separation compared to Kesling used for the separation, at all three days. The Kesling separator was a separator of choice in cases where the interproximal contact was tight. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Discomfort and pain due to separator will be minimized by reducing the duration of separator placement. Hence treatment acceptability will be more. There is no significant difference found in separation by increasing the day.

Correlation between Radiomorphometric Indices and Edentulous Mandibular Arches to Diagnose Osteoporosis Using Orthopantomogram in West Bengal State in India.

AIM: To assess the influence of gender and age on different parameters of alveolar bone loss using orthopantomogram. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty subjects were enrolled in the study (20 dentulous and 60 completely edentulous), fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Completely edentulous subjects were divided into four groups (15 males and 15 females above 60 years) and (15 males and 15 females below 60 years). Dentulous group comprised 20 subjects (10 males and 10 females) between 41 and 75 years. After taking panoramic radiographs, vertical as well as horizontal reference lines were drawn. The parameters used for evaluation included mandibular cortical index (MCI), inferior mandibular cortical width (MCW), panoramic mandibular index (PMI), alveolar bone loss (ABL), and height of bone at first premolar (Hp) and first molar (Hm) of the mandible. RESULTS: There was significant association between MCI and age for females with C2 and C3 categories being more common with advancing age. MCW was stable in all groups, except in females above 60 years of age. PMI and ABL were nonsignificant for age and gender. Although the average values of bone height (Hm and Hp) for males were higher than those of females, the results were statistically insignificant. CONCLUSION: Panoramic radiographic measurements could provide much valuable information and could help in evaluating patients with a low bone mineral density (BMD) with a few limitations. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Dental professionals could screen the patients through panoramic radiographs taken during routine clinical examination, which could help in identifying patients with a low BMD so that further treatment could be initiated early and thus to prevent a pathologic fracture.

A Comparative Radiographic Evaluation of Occlusal Plane in Dentulous and Edentulous Subjects: A Clinical Study.

AIM: The aim of this study is to establish a proportion between the inferior border of mandible and lower edge of the mental foramen and inferior border of mandible to occlusal plane for dentulous subjects and to evaluate the validity of this proportion in orienting the occlusal plane for edentulous subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The occlusal plane was evaluated in the selected 50 dentulous and edentulous subjects for its relation to the mental foramen and inferior border of the mandible. The orthopantograms obtained were traced with the markings and the measurements were tabulated under different headings. After measuring the distances, the proportion between the distances was determined. The mean proportions of dentulous, edentulous, male, and female subjects were evaluated. Then the proportion of male subjects was compared with that of female subjects and dentulous subjects with that of edentulous subjects. Comparison of proportion between the different groups was done by using unpaired t test. The mean and standard deviation (SD) were determined for each group separately and were compared within each group. From the calculated "t" value, "p" the probability for error was found out. RESULTS: In dentulous subjects, the proportion ranged from 1:3.53 to 1:4.40. The mean was 1:3.90. In edentulous subjects, the proportion ranged from 1:3.50 to 1:4.15. The mean was 1:3.84. On comparison, the difference between both the groups was 0.06. The difference was statistically insignificant (p = 0.14). In the comparison of dentulous male and female subjects, the difference obtained was 0.02. The difference was statistically insignificant (p = 0.77). The comparison of edentulous male and female subjects and the difference obtained was 0.03. The difference was statistically insignificant (p = 0.51). CONCLUSION: The derived proportion of 1:4 between the inferior border of mandible and mental foramen and inferior border of mandible and occlusal plane in edentulous patients as measured on an orthopantogram may yield a plane of occlusion similar to that existing in the dentulous state. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The above-drawn proportion between the inferior border of the mandible to the lower edge of the mental foramen and between the inferior border of the mandible and the occlusal plane in edentulous patients may yield a plane of occlusion which is oriented similar to that existing in the dentulous state. The proportions derived radiographically in this study can serve as a basis for future studies to establish the occlusal plane for edentulous subjects.

Oral Health Behavior and Factors Influencing the Selection of Oral Hygiene Products among the Adolescent Tobacco Consumers in Jharkhand.

AIM: To identify the oral health behavior and factors influencing the selection of oral hygiene products by the adolescent tobacco consumers in Ranchi district, Jharkhand. This study will also attempt to identify the factors related to the selection of toothbrushes for oral hygiene maintenance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 800 adolescent tobacco consumers were selected from Ranchi district. A self-administered questionnaire collected information on the oral health behavior and factors influencing the selection of oral cleansing aids. Logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS: Toothbrush (83.0%) and toothpaste (78.0%) were the most common oral cleansing aids. Media played an important role in the selection of toothbrushes and toothpaste. The dental visit (15.0%) for preventive dental care was reported to be less. The individuals belonging to upper class (OR = 2.8, p value < 0.001*), of nontribal origin (OR = 3.21, p value < 0.001*, and residing in urban areas (OR = 5.6, p value < 0.0001*) were more likely to use a toothbrush. CONCLUSION: The consumption of tobacco should be discouraged. Promotion of oral cleansing aids and interdental aids should be carried out using support from media. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The oral health behavior of adolescents needs to be improved. The adolescents should be promoted to quit tobacco, and education and counseling should be provided to them for the oral health promotion. Regular dental check-up for preventive care should be encouraged. How to cite this article: Shahi AK, Chandra S, Kumar S, et al. Oral Health Behavior and Factors Influencing the Selection of Oral Hygiene Products among the Adolescent Tobacco Consumers in Jharkhand. J Contemp Dent Pract 2019;20(10):1200-1205.

Management of Edentulous Orofacial Dyskinesia.

Edentulous orofacial dyskinesia is a rare condition, characterized by involuntary rhythmic movements of the mandible and presents an embarrassing situation for the patient. Edentulism has been considered as one of the proponents of these irregular movements, and rehabilitation of these patients with complete denture-fabrication using traditional technique restores the masticatory inefficiency and the esthetic component of the patient. Surprisingly, these movements disappear during the clinical steps of complete denture-fabrication and upon insertion of the dentures. Disturbances in the proprioception following loss of tooth may be a contributory factor for edentulous dyskinesia.

A Preliminary Report of Maximum Voluntary Bite Force of Young Indian Population.

Introduction: The measurement of bite force is increasingly gaining importance in dentistry. This preliminary report evaluates the maximum voluntary bite force (MVBF) of young healthy individuals with normal occlusion and correlates the effect of age and gender with the maximum bite force (MBF). Materials and Methods: 405 participants in the age group of 18 to 40 years were selected from the outpatient department meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria. MVBF was measured with the help of a digital device called "Byte" at incisors, right first molar, and left first molar region. Results: There was a strong correlation between age with bite force. Bite force increased with age. Males had more bite force than females. The posterior region had higher bite force than the anterior region. Conclusion: Measurement of bite force is very important for every patient undergoing restorative treatment. The "Byte" device was found to be very efficient.

Laboratory Validation of a Novel Indigenously Developed Bite Force Measuring Device.

INTRODUCTION: It is critical to measure the maximum voluntary bite force of patients receiving restorative dentistry. A new device known as "BYTE" has been developed indigenously to measure bite force in humans. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the BYTE device's consistency and accuracy in a lab setting. METHODOLOGY: Testing and calibration were done in the laboratory. The calibration machine with load cell pressed the biting part of the device with various forces from 3 N to 444 N in 3 N increments for two to three seconds each. The recorded force value in Newton by the device was noted down. RESULTS: At numerous standard loads, the minimum accuracy error is 0.333 N, while the maximum is 1.667 N. It marginally underestimates the load with an average accuracy error of 0.833 N. CONCLUSION: The calibration report showed that the BYTE device is precise and reliable and can be used to measure maximum bite force.

Evaluation of Distortion in the Posterior Palatal Seal Area of Maxillary Cast by Different Adaptation Techniques of Denture Bases.

Aim: To evaluate and compare the amount of distortion in the posterior palatal seal area in V-shaped and U-shaped palatal form of maxillary cast by different adaptation techniques of maxillary denture bases. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 stone casts were made, out of which 30 identical stone casts of U-shaped palatal form and 30 identical stone casts of V-shaped palatal form of maxillary casts were prepared. The 30 stone casts of U-shaped palatal form and 30 stone casts of V-shaped palatal forms were divided into three groups for measurements to be done. Data were statistically analyzed by using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) without replication. Results: Discrepancies of fit of dentures on U-shaped casts and V-shaped casts of Groups 1, 2, and 3 in transverse and sagittal sections were measured, and comparative statistical analysis between Group 1&2, Group 1&3, and Group 2&3 was done for statistical significant values. Conclusion: Discrepancy in the central region was maximum, and the anchoring methods Group 2 and Group 3 produced a significantly better adaptation than the conventional method (Group 1). The adaptations for V-shaped palate were better when compared with U-shaped palate in the central region.

A Novel Indigenously Developed Device to Measure Bite Force.

Introduction: In stomatology, the evaluation of bite power is crucial. It is considered a significant objective approach to evaluating masticatory performance. Bite force has become a significant outcome analysis index for various therapies in dentistry research. Presently several devices being used globally have their graces and faults. They are costly and also not available easily to the general dental practitioner. Objectives: Development of a novel indigenous instrument for the measurement of human bite force. Methods: This paper describes an indigenously developed and researched instrument to measure human bite force. The sensor data (change in electronic resistance under applied force) will be read by the microprocessor and converted to force values in newton. The bite force result will be instantly displayed on the screen of the instrument and the device with which it is connected. Results: The developed instrument is handy and user-friendly and can measure bite force accurately and repeatedly. Conclusions: In this research paper, an economical, lightweight, user-friendly, accurate, and reproducible human bite force measurement device is explained, which has been developed indigenously.

Prevalence of Oral Submucous Fibrosis, Its Correlation of Clinical Grading to Various Habit Factors among Patients of Bihar: A Cross Sectional Study.

Aim: To find out the prevalence of OSMF and its Co-relation of clinical grading to various habit factors (time span of habit practiced in years, repetition of habit practiced per day, time of habit practiced in minutes per use). Method: This descriptive, cross-sectional survey was carried out and close ended questionnaire was used for data collection. Demographic details like gender & age and different tissue exploiting habits like, chewing gutkha, chewing areca nut, chewing panmasala with or without tobacco, plain tobacco, mawa, smoking, alcohol was recorded. Also, duration of habit in years, repetition of habit per day, time of habit per use & site of involvement was recorded. Results: Among 5297 patients examined at OPD, 120 were diagnosed with OSMF. The present study found no statistical relation between age, gender & OSMF. The present study concluded that majority 83 (69.17%) of the OSMF patients are guthka user and buccal mucosa was most affected site. OSMF was more prevalent in patients who practiced the habit for more than 15 years. Conclusion: Among the OSMF patients, guthka was most commonly practiced & buccal mucosa was most commonly involved. Duration and frequency of consumption were significantly associated with severity of OSMF.

A Systematic Review on Prosthodontic Rehabilitation of Hemimandibulectomy Defects.

Restoration of hemimandibulectomy defects following tumour extirpation to restore oral function is a herculean task for practitioners. Prosthetic treatment alternatives available for rehabilitation of acquired hemimandibulectomy defects according to mandibular reconstruction type and extent (Cantor-Curtis classification) are unclear. This systematic review aims to assess the spectrum of prosthodontic rehabilitation approaches with regard to reconstruction type and extent of mandibular surgical defects. The databases incorporated for literature search were Google Scholar and Medline (PubMed). Relevant search terms for hemimandibulectomy and reconstruction with prosthetic rehabilitation were used. Two reviewers independently assessed the articles using eligibility criteria; published case reports and case series in the English language and depicting prosthodontic treatment modality of patients greater than 15 years were included. A total of 202 records were identified from the database search of which 19 duplicates were removed. The remaining articles were assessed for eligibility, and 55 articles (comprising 58 cases) were finally included in the study. This review revealed various prosthetic alternatives ranging from guide flange, twin occlusion, palatal ramp, conventional to hybrid partial and complete dentures to implant-supported prosthesis including a few innovative prosthetic approaches. This systematic review provides a plethora of prosthodontic rehabilitation approaches according to the extent of hemimandibular surgical defect and type of reconstruction. This will facilitate practitioners and prosthodontists in sequential treatment planning and management of hemimandibulectomy cases in their routine practice.

Estimation of SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibodies in Healthcare Worker-Administered Covishield and Covaxin Vaccines at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Jharkhand, India.

Introduction To mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, global distribution of vaccines such as Covishield and Covaxin has been undertaken. This research aimed to assess the responses and potential differences between these vaccines by examining the presence and levels of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in healthcare professionals who received them. Methodology A comprehensive cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care facility in Ranchi involving 227 healthcare professionals who had completed both doses of either Covishield or Covaxin. Blood samples were collected and subjected to chemiluminescence immunoassay analysis to measure IgG antibodies. Demographic data, immunization records, and previous COVID-19 infections were recorded. Statistical analyses, including analysis of variance (ANOVA), linear regression, and independent sample t-tests were performed. Results Antibody titers exhibited variability, potentially influenced by factors. There was no difference in antibody titers between recipients of Covishield and Covaxin vaccines. Linear regression analysis revealed a correlation between antibody levels and the number of days after vaccination. Factors such as age, gender, blood group, and prior COVID-19 infections did not significantly impact antibody titers. Conclusions This study contributes to responses elicited by Covishield and Covaxin vaccines among healthcare workers. The results highlight that Covishield showed a higher mean titer value than Covaxin, which is not statistically significant. The overall model showed statistically significant results indicating age, type of vaccine, number of days after vaccination, blood group, and previous history of COVID-19 infection collectively influenced the CoV-2 IgG titer values. The findings indicate that age, number of days after vaccination, and prior history of COVID-19 infection have substantial relationships with the CoV-2 IgG titer, but sex, vaccine type, and blood group show lesser, nonsignificant associations.

State of Dental Health and Management Needs of Young Hemophilic Patients: A Case-control Study.

Background: In particular, when it comes to systemic diseases like hemophilia, good dental health is crucial to a person's overall health and wellness. Through the means of this study, we aim to assess the prevalence of various dental anomalies in children suffering from hemophilia in comparison to healthy children and assess their treatment needs. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive, case-control study with 400 subjects, 200 each in the study (hemophilic) and control (nonhemophilic) groups. The subjects' ages ranged from 5 to 15 years. Utilizing the oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S), the state of oral hygiene was documented (OHI-S). Using decaying extracted filled tooth (DEFT) and decayed, missing, and filled tooth (DMFT) for the primary and permanent dentition, respectively, teeth afflicted by dental caries and teeth restored/extracted as a result of dental caries were assessed. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software (version 27.0) was used for statistical analysis. Results: Hemophilic people had a considerably greater incidence of dental caries. Furthermore, even though their DMFT/DEFT and OHI-S scores were barely poorer than those of healthy people, children with hemophilia had a significantly larger percentage of dental treatment needs across all age categories than the other group. Conclusion: The percentage of hemophilic children who needed dental treatment across different age groups was significantly higher than the other group, which supports our observations that the dental health status of hemophilic children was poor and treatment requirement was high among them as well. This is true even though the DMFT/DEFT scores and OHI-S scores in hemophilic children were only slightly worse than in healthy individuals. How to cite this article: Sharma S, Shahi AK, Chandra S, et al. State of Dental Health and Management needs of Young Hemophilic Patients: A Case-control Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(2):380-387.

E-learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Various Healthcare Institutes of India.

Introduction: A multicentric study on the benefits and outcomes of e-learning was lacking during the pandemic. This study aimed to find out the participation, satisfaction, and insights of dental and medical undergraduate learners toward digital learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in various healthcare institutes of India. Material and Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted using Google Forms online on e-learning among students from the first to the final year of MBBS and BDS courses in five healthcare institutions. Results: Most participants (72.7%) reported cellular data as their mode of internet connection. Seventy point eight percent of participants stated online classes did not affect health. Eyestrain (54.6%) was the most common, followed by headache and fatigue, whereas only 21.2% chose obesity and disturbed sleep as a consequence of e-learning. Conclusion: Most students had experience in digital learning, in which the use of smart phones with cellular data was the most common mode of digital learning during the pandemic.

Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis with massive gingival overgrowth: A rare case report.

Idiopathic gingival overgrowth can present itself as a part of syndrome or as an isolated entity. This is a case report of a massive gingival enlargement in a 12-year-old female child with nonsyndromic gingival fibromatosis, which was treated by multidisciplinary approach involving surgical and prosthetic rehabilitation and at the same time instilling psychological benefit.

Overall pattern of publication in Journal of Conservative Dentistry.

BACKGROUND: The Journal of Conservative Dentistry (JCD) has been online since 2008. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This paper reviews the publication in this journal over a 5-year period (2011-2015). It assesses the types of articles published, coverage of various types of subjects of endodontics, and conservative dentistry in the journal and explores the authorship patterns in the publication and citation of the journal over this period. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: JCD has delivered broad-based, balanced coverage of endodontics and conservative dentistry between 2011 and 2015, with contributions from all over India, as well as abroad. Although a maximum number of articles were from India, the publications from other countries are also on an increase. Thus, the widespread coverage of this journal suggests that JCD has begun to represent the global face of the Indian Association of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.