[Formation of heterosymplasts in human reticular cell cultures]. / Obrazovanie geterosimplastov v kul'turakh retikuliarnykh kletok cheloveka.

The cell fusion has been studied in human reticular cell cultures J-96 and J-41 treated with the Sendai virus or with polyethylene glycol 1000 and 6000. The J-96 cells have a high alkaline phosphatase activity, in J-41 cells the enzyme is not detectable. No heterogenous alkaline phosphatase activity was seen in the protoplasm of symplasts 18 hours after virus cell fusion. It has been shown with polyethylene glycol treatment that during the fusion of cells J-96 and J-41 the enzyme activity was spreading over the symplast protoplasm.

[Mechanism of resistance of a clone isolated from L cells chronically infected with the virus of vesicular stomatitis]. / K mekhanizmu rezistentnosti klona, vydelennogo iz kletok L, khronicheski infitsirovannykh virusom vezikuliarnogo stomatita

The results of the study on antiviral immunity acquired by L cells to vesicular stomatitis virus are presented. We failed to detect the presence of the indicator virus in the resistant culture by means of virological, electron microscopic or cytochemical methods. Molecular hybrization experiments demonstrated the lack in the nuclear DNA of sequences homologous to vesicular stomatitis virus RNA.

[Production of J-96 cell culture chronically infected with herpes simplex virus and study of some of its properties]. / Poluchenie khronicheski infitsirovannoi virusom obychnogo gerpesa kul'tury kletok J-96 i izuchenie ee nekotorykh svoistv

Comparative effectiveness of various methods for production of chronic infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) in J-96 cell culture: inclusion into the culture fluid of the infected cultures of immune serum to herpes virus, immune serum to HSV-infected J-96 cells and frequent changes of the medium, is described. The advantage of the second method has been found. The chronically infected culture was resistant to superinfection with the homologous virus. In passages, when the chronically infected culture produced no active infectious virus, the portion of cells containing the virus antigen was 0.8%. In this culture interferon was found in a low titer. Morphological and histochemical studies also indicated some changes in chronically infected cultures as compared with the controls, namely, an increase in the number of spindle-shaped elements, thickening of the nuclear membrane, an increase in the DNA concentration. The culture has been designated JH and is in the 220th passage now.

[Transfection by integrated proviruses]. / Transfektsiia integrirovannymi provirusami.

Three lines of continuous mouse L cells were compared: one of them contained only its endogenic oncornavirus, another was contaminated with SV5 virus, and a third was obtained from the second line chronically infected with vesicular stomatitis virus. Experiments with transfection showed that it was possible to recover SV5 virus from the two former cultures and vesicular stomatitis virus from the latter.

[Effect of small doses of diphtheria exotoxin on cell cultures]. / Deistvie malykh doz difteriinogo ékzotoksina na kul'tury kletok.

High diphtheria exotoxin concentrations induced irreversible injuries to all the cultures under study (L, HeLa, spcv pzM). However, its final titres in the mentioned cells differed. HeLa and pzM cells, being highly sensitive, can be recommended for titration of dipheria exotoxin, instead of the expensive guinea pig tests. Low (subtoxic) doses produced cytoproliferative action and caused changes of the cell properties.

[Evaluation of the toxic action of prophylactic and therapeutic preparations on cell cultures of different types and origin. II. The cytotoxic action of adsorbed DPT vaccine and its components on cells of the continuous L132 line]. / Otsenka toksicheskogo deistviia profilakticheskikh i lechebnykh preparatov na kulturakh kletok raznogo vida i proiskhozhdeniia. Soobshchenie II. Tsitotoksi-cheskoe deistvie vaktsiny AKDS i ee komponentov na kletki perevivaemoi linii L132.

Different batches of the same preparation manufactured at the same enterprise, or at different enterprises, in accordance with the same manufacturing regulations have been found to be capable of producing a damaging effect of different intensity on the continuous cell culture L132. The titers vary, according to their cytotoxic effect, from 1 : 32 to 1 :2048. The components of B. pertussis antigens and thimerosal solutions have been found to produce the most pronounced cytotoxic effect on the cells. The comparison of the results of the titration of adsorbed DPT vaccine in cell cultures with clinical manifestations has shown correlation between a greater degree of cell damage in vitro and severe local reaction. Therefore, in the process of the quality control of preparations cell cultures provide more sensitive tests than laboratory animals, which is confirmed by our data obtained in revealing the toxic properties of adsorbed DPT vaccine and its components.

[Evaluation of the toxic effects of preventive and therapeutic preparations in transplantable cell cultures from different species and of different origins. I. Demonstration of the toxic properties of commercial batches of adsorbed DPT vaccine in cell cultures]. / Otsenka toksicheskogo deistviia profilakticheskikh i lechebnykh preparatov v perevivaemykh kul'turakh kletok raznykh vidov i proiskhozhdeniia. Soobshchenie I. kletochnykh kul'turakh.

Continuous cell cultures are sensitive test systems used not only for the determination of the toxicity of diphtheria exotoxin, but also for revealing the toxic properties of adsorbed DPT vaccine. Morphological changes induced by the action of diphtheria exotoxin and adsorbed DPT vaccine in the cultures of L929, HeLa, FL, L132 and monkey tonsil cells are similar in character. The effect produced by the diphtheria exotoxin and adsorbed DPT vaccine on cell cultures may be characterized as toxic, subtoxic and minimal. Nevertheless, even in the cultures treated with minimal concentrations the pathological state of the cells can be detected in the next 2 or 3 serial subcultures.

[Effect of different doses of diphtheria exotoxin on the properties of L929 and HeLa cells]. / Deistvie razlichnykh doz difteriinogo ekzotoksina na svoistva kletok L929 i HeLa.

Various forms of interaction between diphtheria exotoxin and the continuous L and HeLa cell lines were revealed, depending on its doses: toxic, subtoxic and small (following the subtoxic dose). Cells of the same origin, treated with these doses, develop similar changes in some of their properties, differing only in their "survival" time, the period of adaptation and the time of entering the phase of active proliferation. the systems of cells, having simultaneously low susceptibility to infection with some RNA-containing viruses (L cells with low susceptibility to vesicular stomatitis virus and HeLa cells with low susceptibility to Coxsackie B5 virus) and high susceptibility to repeated treatment with diphtheria exotoxin, have been obtained.

[Comparative characteristics of the activity of lysosomal proteinases in in transplantable cell cultures susceptible and resistant to a specific group of viruses]. / Sravnitel'naia kharakteristika aktivnosti lizosomal'nykh proteinaz v perevivaemykh kletochnykh kul-turakh, vospriimchivykh i rezistentnykh k opredelennoi gruppe virusov.

Institute of Nutrition, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow Directed change of the genotype in cell cultures (Hela, fibroblasts, L929), which leads to the resistance to challenge with some of the viruses is accompanied by pronounced modulation of the activity of lysosomal proteinases, cathepsins A, B1, D and, in the first turn, by a considerable reduction (by 2--12 times) of cathepsin C activity. The data obtained indicate an important role of the proteolytic system of the cell lysosomal apparatus in providing defence reactions.

[Isolation and characteristics of a continuous human splenic cell culture]. / Poluchenie i kharakteristika perevivaemoi kul'tury kletok selezenki cheloveka

A continuous cell line of human spleen has been obtained. The methods of seeding large numbers of cells and prolonged cultivation of the culture played an important role in isolation of this cell line; both methods have contributed to the creation of conditions for gradual reconstruction of the cellular metabolism in the absence of which the cells wound not be able to get adapted to contiuous cultivation. As the authors failed to obtain a contiuous cell line from a single cell colony the method of "shaking" was applied. The culture was obtained only in case of a 1% PHA solution was added to the nutrient medium.