Elevating Supercapacitor Performance of Co3O4-g-C3N4 Nanocomposites Fabricated via the Hydrothermal Method.

The hydrothermal method has been utilized to synthesize graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) polymers and cobalt oxide composites effectively. The weight percentage of g-C3N4 nanoparticles influenced the electrochemical performance of the Co3O4-g-C3N4 composite. In an aqueous electrolyte, the Co3O4-g-C3N4 composite electrode, produced with 150 mg of g-C3N4 nanoparticles, revealed remarkable electrochemical performance. With an increase in the weight percentage of g-C3N4 nanoparticles, the capacitive contribution of the Co3O4-g-C3N4 composite electrode increased. The Co3O4-g-C3N4-150 mg composite electrode shows a specific capacitance of 198 F/g. The optimized electrode, activated carbon, and polyvinyl alcohol gel with potassium hydroxide were used to develop an asymmetric supercapacitor. At a current density of 5 mA/cm2, the asymmetric supercapacitor demonstrated exceptional energy storage capacity with remarkable energy density and power density. The device retained great capacity over 6k galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) cycles, with no rise in series resistance following cyclic stability. The columbic efficiency of the asymmetric supercapacitor was likewise high.

Smart Textile Flexible MnCo2O4 Electrodes: Urea Surface Modification for Improved Electrochemical Functionality.

Surface microstructure modification of metal oxides also improves the electrochemical performance of metal oxide nanoparticles. The present investigation demonstrates how varying the urea molar content during the hydrothermal process altered the surfaces of MnCo2O4 nanoparticles. Successive increases of 0.1 M in urea concentration transformed the surface shape of MnCo2O4 nanoparticles from flower-like to sheet-like microstructures. Excellent electrochemical performance of MnCo2O4 nanoparticles was demonstrated in an aqueous 1 M KOH electrolyte. The improved MnCo2O4 nanoparticles have been employed to develop an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC). The ASC device exhibits an energy density of 13 Wh/kg at a power density of 553 W/kg and a specific capacitance of 29 F g-1 at a current density of 4 mA/cm2. The MnCo2O4 nanoparticle electrode demonstrates remarkable electrocatalytic activity in both HER and OER. The MnCo2O4 electrode shows overpotential for HER and OER at 356 mV and 1.46 V, respectively. The Tafel slopes for HER and OER of the MnCo2O4 electrode are 356 mV/dec and 187 mV/dec, respectively.

One-Pot Facile Synthesis of a Cluster of ZnS Low-Dimensional Nanoparticles for High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes.

To maximize the use of ZnS low-dimensional nanoparticles as high-performance supercapacitor electrodes, this work describes a simple one-pot synthesis method for producing a cluster of these particles. The ZnS nanoparticles fabricated in this work exhibit a cluster with unique low-dimensional (0D, 1D, and 2D) characteristics. Structural, morphological, and electrochemical investigations are all part of the thorough characterization of the produced materials. An X-ray diffraction pattern of clustered ZnS nanoparticles reflects the phase formation with highly stable cubic blende sphalerite polymorph. The confirmation of nanoparticle cluster formation featuring multiple low-dimensional nanostructures was achieved through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), while the internal structure was assessed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Systematically assessing the ZnS nanoparticles' electrochemical performance reveals their prospective qualities as supercapacitor electrode materials. The electrode assembled with this material on Ni foam demonstrates elevated specific capacitance (areal capacitance) values, reaching 716.8 F.g⁻1 (2150.4 mF.cm-2) at a current density of 3 mA.cm⁻2. Moreover, it reflects 69.1% capacitance retention with a four times increase in current density, i.e., 495.5 F.g-1 (1486.56 mF.cm-2) capacitance was archived at 12 mA.cm-2 with 100% Coulombic efficiency. Furthermore, the electrode exhibits prolonged cycling capability with 77.7% capacitance retention, as evidenced by its charge-discharge measurements sustained over 15,000 cycles at a current density of 25 mA cm⁻2.

Unraveling the importance of fabrication parameters of copper oxide-based resistive switching memory devices by machine learning techniques.

In the present study, various statistical and machine learning (ML) techniques were used to understand how device fabrication parameters affect the performance of copper oxide-based resistive switching (RS) devices. In the present case, the data was collected from copper oxide RS devices-based research articles, published between 2008 to 2022. Initially, different patterns present in the data were analyzed by statistical techniques. Then, the classification and regression tree algorithm (CART) and decision tree (DT) ML algorithms were implemented to get the device fabrication guidelines for the continuous and categorical features of copper oxide-based RS devices, respectively. In the next step, the random forest algorithm was found to be suitable for the prediction of continuous-type features as compared to a linear model and artificial neural network (ANN). Moreover, the DT algorithm predicts the performance of categorical-type features very well. The feature importance score was calculated for each continuous and categorical feature by the gradient boosting (GB) algorithm. Finally, the suggested ML guidelines were employed to fabricate the copper oxide-based RS device and demonstrated its non-volatile memory properties. The results of ML algorithms and experimental devices are in good agreement with each other, suggesting the importance of ML techniques for understanding and optimizing memory devices.

Study of solvent variation on controlled synthesis of different nanostructured NiCo2O4 thin films for supercapacitive application.

The present investigation deals with controlled synthesis of nanostructured NiCo2O4 thin films directly on stainless steel substrates by facile and economical chemical bath deposition technique, without adding a surfactant or a binder. The consequences of different compositions of solvents on morphological and electrochemical properties have been studied systematically. We used different solvent composition as Double Distilled Water (DDW), DDW:Ethanol (1:1) and DDW: N, N dimethylformamide (1:1). The films have been named as NCO-W for DDW, NCO-WE for DDW: Ethanol (1:1) solvent and NCO-WD for DDW: N, N dimethylformamide (1:1) solvent. The morphologies of NiCo2O4 thin films modify substantially with change in a solvent. NCO-W exhibited the spikes of Crossandra infundibuliformis like nanostructures. The NCO-WE favored the formation of uniformly distributed leaf-like nanostructure whereas NCO-WD showed randomly oriented nanoplates all over the surface area. The Electrochemical performance of these NiCo2O4 thin films were studied using cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The NCO-W, NCO-WE and NCO-WD electrodes showed specific capacitance values of 271, 553 and 140 F/g respectively at the current density of 0.5 mA/cm2 and excellent capacitance retention of 90%, 91% and 80% after 2000 cycles for NCO-W, NCO-WE and NCO-WD samples respectively. This result reveals that NiCo2O4 is a prominent electrode material for supercapacitor application.