RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To better understand the health profiles of people with intellectual disability (ID), focusing on the variables that are associated with a poorer health status. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were collected from the Survey on Disability, Personal Autonomy and Dependency (EDAD 2008) of the Spanish National Statistics Institute (INE). The health data of 2840 subjects with IDD were analyzed in order to verify the impact of different variables on their health profiles. RESULTS: People with severe and profound levels of IDD presented a higher number of medical diagnoses. At residence centers there was a larger proportion of individuals with a higher prevalence of chronic diseases and more severe conditions; age also was an important factor. CONCLUSION: The health profiles of individuals with IDD differ depending on the severity level of their IDD and their degree of institutionalization. Further research is needed to provide better health care for people with IDD.
Asunto(s)
Estado de Salud , Discapacidad Intelectual/epidemiología , Personas con Discapacidades Mentales/estadística & datos numéricos , Actividades Cotidianas , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Niño , Enfermedad Crónica/epidemiología , Comorbilidad , Femenino , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Vivienda , Humanos , Institucionalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Masculino , México/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Abstract: Objective: To better understand the health profiles of people with intellectual disability (ID), focusing on the variables that are associated with a poorer health status. Materials and methods: Data were collected from the Survey on Disability, Personal Autonomy and Dependency (EDAD 2008) of the Spanish National Statistics Institute (INE). The health data of 2840 subjects with IDD were analyzed in order to verify the impact of different variables on their health profiles. Results: People with severe and profound levels of IDD presented a higher number of medical diagnoses. At residence centers there was a larger proportion of individuals with a higher prevalence of chronic diseases and more severe conditions; age also was an important factor. Conclusion: The health profiles of individuals with IDD differ depending on the severity level of their IDD and their degree of institutionalization. Further research is needed to provide better health care for people with IDD.
Resumen: Objetivo: Conocer los perfiles de salud de las personas con discapacidad intelectual (DI), incidiendo en las variables que se relacionan con un peor estado de salud. Material y métodos: Se han empleado datos procedentes de la Encuesta sobre Discapacidades, Autonomía personal y situaciones de Dependencia (EDAD 2008) del Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Se han comparado los datos de salud de 2840 sujetos con discapacidad intelectual para analizar las diferencias en sus perfiles de salud. Resultados: En los centros residenciales hay una mayor proporción de personas con DI profunda y severa, de edad más avanzada y con mayor prevalencia de enfermedades crónicas. Las personas con niveles más graves de DI presentan un mayor número de diagnósticos de enfermedades. Conclusión: Los perfiles de salud de las personas con DI difieren en función de su grado de institucionalización y su nivel de DI. Es necesario seguir investigando para ofrecer una mejor atención sanitaria a las personas con DI.