Shape-constrained deformable brain segmentation: Methods and quantitative validation.

MRI-guided neuro interventions require rapid, accurate, and reproducible segmentation of anatomical brain structures for identification of targets during surgical procedures and post-surgical evaluation of intervention efficiency. Segmentation algorithms must be validated and cleared for clinical use. This work introduces a methodology for shape-constrained deformable brain segmentation, describes the quantitative validation used for its clinical clearance, and presents a comparison with manual expert segmentation and FreeSurfer, an open source software for neuroimaging data analysis. ClearPoint Maestro is software for fully-automatic brain segmentation from T1-weighted MRI that combines a shape-constrained deformable brain model with voxel-wise tissue segmentation within the cerebral hemispheres and the cerebellum. The performance of the segmentation was validated in terms of accuracy and reproducibility. Segmentation accuracy was evaluated with respect to training data and independently traced ground truth. Segmentation reproducibility was quantified and compared with manual expert segmentation and FreeSurfer. Quantitative reproducibility analysis indicates superior performance compared to both manual expert segmentation and FreeSurfer. The shape-constrained methodology results in accurate and highly reproducible segmentation. Inherent point based-correspondence provides consistent target identification ideal for MRI-guided neuro interventions.

In silico studies: Physicochemical properties, drug score, toxicity predictions and molecular docking of organosulphur compounds against Diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant common metabolic disorder seen all over the world. In 2020, according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), out of 463 million people who have diabetes all over the world, 77 million belong to India. As per the statistical prediction, the affected numbers are probably expected to rise to 642 million by 2040. The commercially available anti-diabetic drugs in the market include metformin, sulphonyl urea, meglitinides, miglitol, acarbose, biguanides, and thiazolidinediones cause side effects like hypoglycaemia, dizziness, liver cell injury, digestive discomfort, neurological defects, etc. Hence, bioactive organosulphur based functional ligands are chosen in this study to arrive at a newer drug for DM. In this work, in silico analysis of organosulphur molecular descriptors like physicochemical properties, solubility, drug score, and toxicity predictions are evaluated using OSIRIS and Toxtree freeware. The essential parameters for discovering drugs for biopharmaceutical formulations viz the solubility of drugs and toxicity have been calculated. The protein target Dipeptidyl peptidase DPP4 (PID: 2RIP) was docked against energy minimised sulphur compounds using Hex 6.3. The results indicate that the drug likeliness of the molecule 4, that is, N-[(3,3-dimethyl piperidin-2-yl) methyl]-4-ethyl sulphonyl aniline is active with decreasing binding energy score (-212.24 Kcal mol-1 ) with no toxicity and also few sulphur compounds are active against diabetes compared to standard drug metformin (-158.33 Kcal mol-1 ). The best drug-like ligand N-[(3,3-dimethyl piperidin-2-yl) methyl]-4-ethyl sulphonyl aniline, was docked using commercial Maestro Schrodinger software to predict the results.

Characterization and application of rhamnolipid from Pseudomonas plecoglossicida BP03.

The production of rhamnolipid (glycolipid) biosurfactant was achieved under optimized conditions from newly isolated bacteria (Pseudomonas plecoglossicida BP03) from rice mill effluent. The isolated biosurfactant was structurally characterized using FTIR and NMR spectroscopic studies. The obtained biosurfactant (1·39 g l-1 ) showed a variety of applications including larvicidal and pupicidal activity against malarial vector (Anopheles sunadicus). It also exhibited antimicrobial activity against human pathogens, and possessed potent anti-biofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Aeromonas hydrophila. The obtained biosurfactant showed a dose-dependent inhibition of exopolymeric substance (EPS) and growth curve in S. aureus. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity assays revealed that the biosurfactant exhibit a cytotoxic potency against the human fibroblastic sarcoma cells Ht-1080. An in silco analysis was also performed using Schrodinger maestro 9.3 against surface protein (SasG) of S. aureus, and the resultant analysis revealed an interactive docking score of -3·4 kcal mol-1 . The obtained result indicates that the synthesized economically viable biosurfactant ensures excellent applications towards various fields.

Molecular Dynamics Simulations in Designing DARPins as Phosphorylation-Specific Protein Binders of ERK2.

Extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) play key roles in promoting cell survival and proliferation through the phosphorylation of various substrates. Remarkable antitumour activity is found in many inhibitors that act upstream of the ERK pathway. However, drug-resistant tumour cells invariably emerge after their use due to the reactivation of ERK1/2 signalling. ERK1/2 inhibitors have shown clinical efficacy as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of tumours with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) upstream target mutations. These inhibitors may be used as a possible strategy to overcome acquired resistance to MAPK inhibitors. Here, we report a class of repeat proteins-designed ankyrin repeat protein (DARPin) macromolecules targeting ERK2 as inhibitors. The structural basis of ERK2-DARPin interactions based on molecular dynamics (MD) simulations was studied. The information was then used to predict stabilizing mutations employing a web-based algorithm, MAESTRO. To evaluate whether these design strategies were successfully deployed, we performed all-atom, explicit-solvent molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Two mutations, Ala → Asp and Ser → Leu, were found to perform better than the original sequence (DARPin E40) based on the associated energy and key residues involved in protein-protein interaction. MD simulations and analysis of the data obtained on these mutations supported our predictions.

Targeting VEGFR2 protein by marine Streptomyces globosus VITLGK011-derived compound BECA: An in vitro and in silico analysis.

This study investigates the anticancer cytotoxic mechanism of action of benzoyloxy-ethyl-carbamic acid (BECA) produced by Streptomyces globosus VITLGK011. Flow cytometry analysis confirmed that BECA (at IC50 : 3.12 µg/ml) treatment for 24 h induced apoptosis in 60% of cells. Schrodinger Maestro tools such as QikProp and DFT were used to confirm that BECA is an eligible drug-like molecule, with suitable physiochemical properties. Glide XP tool was used to perform induced-fit docking between BECA and 30 cancer drug target proteins. The highest significance was observed for VEGFR2 protein (-6.7 kcal/mol). GROMACS tool was used to perform molecular dynamic simulation between BECA and VEGFR2 protein for 40 ns. Root mean square deviation, root mean square fluctuation, H-bond, and trajectory analysis, confirmed that BECA is a suitable inhibitor of VEGFR2 protein. Results conclude that BECA is a valid VEGFR2 inhibitor, and it thus exerts the observed anticancer cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells.

Design and synthesis of leucine-linked quinazoline-4(3H)-one-sulphonamide molecules distorting malarial reductase activity in the folate pathway.

Optimization of a modified Grimmel's method for N-heterocyclization of a leucine-linked sulfonamide side-arm at position 2 leading to 2,3-disustituted-4-quinazolin-(3H)-ones was accomplished. Further, 22 hybrid quinazolinone motifs (4a-v) were synthesized by N-heterocyclization reaction under microwave irradiation using the ionic liquid [Bmim][BF4 ]-H2 O as green solvent as well as the catalyst. The in vitro screening of the hybrid entities against the malarial species Plasmodium falciparum yielded five potent molecules 4l, 4n, 4o, 4t, and 4u owning antimalarial activity comparable to those of the reference drugs. In continuation, an in silico study was carried out to obtain a pharmacophoric model and quantitative structure-activity relationship. We also built a 3D-QSAR model to procure more information that could be applied to design new molecules with more potent Pf-DHFR inhibitory activity. The designed pharmacophore was recognized to be more potent for the selected molecules, exhibiting five pharmacophoric features. The active scaffolds were further evaluated for enzyme inhibition efficacy against alleged receptor Pf-DHFR computationally and in vitro, proving their candidature as lead dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors, and the selectivity of the test candidates was ascertained by toxicity study against Vero cells. Good oral bioavailability was also proved by studying pharmacokinetic properties.

Ionic liquid mediated stereoselective synthesis of alanine linked hybrid quinazoline-4(3H)-one derivatives perturbing the malarial reductase activity in folate pathway.

Grimmel's method was optimized as well as modified leading to the cyclization and incorporation of alanine linked sulphonamide in 4-quinazolin-(3H)-ones. Further, the generation of heterocyclic motif at position-3 of 4-quinazolinones was explored by synthesis of imines, which unfortunately led to an isomeric mixture of stereoisomers. The hurdle of diastereomers encountered on the path was eminently rectified by development of new rapid and reproducible methodology involving the use of imidazolium based ionic liquid as solvents as well as catalyst for cyclization as well as synthesis of imines in situ at position-3 leading to procurement of single E-isomer as the target hybrid heterocyclic molecules. The purity and presence of single isomer was also confirmed by HPLC and spectroscopic techniques. Further, the synthesized sulphonamide linked 4-quinazolin-(3H)-ones hybrids were screened for their antimalarial potency rendering potent entities (4b, 4c, 4 l, 4 t and 4u). The active hybrids were progressively screened for enzyme inhibitory efficacy against presumed receptor Pf-DHFR and h-DHFR computationally as well as in vitro, proving their potency as dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors. The ADME properties of these active molecules were also predicted to enhance the knowhow of the oral bioavailability, indicating good bioavailability of the active entities.

Elemental Analysis of Basella alba, Spinacia oleracea, Abelmoschus esculentus (L.), Ipomoea aquatica, Colocasia esculenta, Amaranthus dubius, and Raphanus sativus Vegetables Using the PIXE Technique in a Saline Region of Bangladesh, Rampal Area.

Particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) method was used in this present research to identify the elements present in selected vegetable samples to show the possible influence in the metal absorption by the vegetables grown in a saline region of Rampal area of Munshiganj District, Bangladesh. The data acquisition setup is calibrated using a 2.5-MeV proton beam in the current ranges of 5nA to 15nA. The detector was used to measure the X-rays emitted during the irradiation. Data acquisition system MAESTRO-32 was used to measure the spectrum picks, and concentration calculation has been done by GUPIX/DAN-32 software. The purpose of this study is to determine the concentration of heavy and trace elements in these samples and to give current information on their safety for consumption. The result shows that K, Ca, and Fe have the highest concentrations, while lead exhibits the lowest but alarming rates compared to reference materials. The findings were likened to IAEA-V-10, IAEA-359, SRM 1515 (apple leaf), and SRM 1573a (tomato leaf). The outcomes of the present investigation demonstrate that these samples are not devoid of health risks in intake.

Fourth-Generation Total Wrist Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes.

Background The purpose of total wrist arthroplasty is to reduce pain and maintain mobility in a painful destructed wrist. First-, second-, and third-generation total wrist arthroplasties have shown unacceptable outcomes with high failure rates. In 2004, the fourth-generation total wrist implants were introduced to address the clinical problems encountered in the previous generations of total wrist implants. Methods Outcomes and complications of fourth-generation total wrist implants were systematically reviewed in the literature (2004-present), including the Universal 2, ReMotion, Freedom, Motec, and Maestro total wrist implants. Results The literature search yielded 114 papers, of which 18 (990 implants) were included in this systematic review. The quality of evidence was low. All implants effectively reduced pain and improved functionality of the wrist. The Motec wrist implant demonstrated the highest survival rate at 10 year follow-up (86%). Conclusion This systematic review suggests a substantial improvement of quality in fourth-generation total wrist arthroplasty.

In silico Approach and Molecular Docking Studies of Potent Bioactive Compounds of Carica papaya as Anti-breast Cancer Agents.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is one of the greatest global dilemmas, and the current treatment option is to target hormone receptors with partial agonists/antagonists. Estrogen and aromatase enzymes play important roles in breast cancer. Excessive estrogen activity or inadequate estrogen production leads to various hormonal issues, including breast cancer. Potent breast cancer drugs are Tamoxifen, Paclitaxel, Cyclophosphamide, Trastuzumab, etc., and aromatase inhibitors, include Anastrozole, Letrozole, and Exemestane, etc. In general, breast cancer drugs cause numerous adverse effects in humans. OBJECTIVES: This study has attempted to identify alternative drug candidates from Carica papaya for treating breast cancer with fewer side effects. METHODS: To achieve this, we have utilized computational methods to predict the characteristics of bioactive compounds from Carica papaya and determine the target binding affinities using the Schrödinger suite (Maestro 9.5). The target protein and ligands were obtained from the well-known database. Carica papaya has 35 identified bioactive compounds that were drawn using ChemDraw software and performed Ligand preparation wizard. Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) analysis is performed with QikProp. RESULTS: From the docking studies, the phytocompounds such as Chlorogenic acid, Myricetin, Quercetin, Isorhamnetin, and Catechin showed the highest Glide scores (G Score). Among the five bioactive phytocompounds, Chlorogenic acid has a higher G Score with good binding energy than Tamoxifen, Anastrozole, and Letrozole standards. The pharmacokinetic properties and drug-likeness of phytocompounds were determined using ADME profiling. CONCLUSION: Carica papaya phytocompounds serve as an antiestrogen or aromatase inhibitor that regulates estrogen levels to reduce the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. As a result, we recommend that these top five bioactive phytocompounds be investigated further in in vitro and in vivo studies.

Data on molecular docking of naturally occurring flavonoids with biologically important targets.

Flavonoids in nature are known to possess various activities such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-HIV activities etc., The molecular docking was performed by 26 naturally occurring flavonoids with selected targets COX-2, hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase, tyrosinase from Agaricus bisporus, isomaltase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Human IkB kinase beta, Human ABC transporter, topoisomerase II, topoisomerase IV, N-myristoyltransferase from Candida albicans, Peptide deformylase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, polypeptide deformylase from Streptococcus pneumoniae. The analysis was based on docking score, glide energy, interactions type (bond type and distance) and interaction with amino acids. The top 5 flavonoids with best docking score was reported. The in-silico results provided for 26 naturally occurring flavonoid shows that they reduce the risk of inflammation, cancer and infectious disease if people have taken in diet continuously. The provided docking data of flavonoids may be useful to synthesis novel drug candidate for the mentioned targets.

Explant analysis of a Maestro™ wrist prosthesis and calculation of its lubrication regime.

Explant analysis can provide key insights to understanding failures of artificial joints and thus how they might be improved for the ultimate benefit of patients. There are no previous reports of explant analysis of an artificial wrist joint. In this study, an explanted metal-on-polymer Maestro wrist was analysed both in macro and nanoscales to estimate its biotribological performance. The articulation was formed between a cobalt chromium carpal head and an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene bearing. The surface roughness values of its articulating surfaces and the backside of the articulation were measured. On average, the articulating surface roughness values were calculated as 0.06 ± 0.02 µm and 1.29 ± 0.63 µm for the cobalt chromium carpal head and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene bearing, respectively. Both surfaces had negative skewness, indicating a preponderance of valleys. On the articulating surface of the carpal head, light scratches were observed, and no impingement was observed throughout the component. The polymeric surface had a polished appearance. It had unidirectional scratches at the centre of the articulation, pits of different sizes on its articulating surface, and matt white subsurface regions. The backside of the UHMWPE bearing and the convex surface of the radial body that it was sitting on, were found to have average surface roughness values of 4.23 ± 0.69 µm and 5.57 ± 1.05 µm, respectively. The difference in the means was not significant (p > 0.05). Taking the articulating surface roughness values, the lubrication regime that the explanted Maestro wrist operated under in vivo was estimated for varying physiological conditions, i.e. varying loads, entraining velocities and lubricant viscosities. In every case considered, the explant was found to operate under boundary lubrication.

In vivo analgesic effect of different extracts of Hopea odorata leaves in mice and in silico molecular docking and ADME/T property analysis of some isolated compounds from this plant.

Background The current study evaluates the analgesic effect of different extracts of Hopea odorata leaves in mice followed by molecular docking and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADME/T) analysis of isolated compounds derived from the plant with the COX-1 enzyme. Methods In the present study, the dried leaves of H. odorata were subjected to extraction using methanol, ethanol, and water. In vivo analgesic activity was evaluated by using the acetic acid-induced writhing test and formalin-induced paw licking test, and in silico molecular docking and ADME/T study were performed using Schrödinger Maestro (version 11.1) and online-based tools, respectively, on eight isolated compounds. Results The results showed that the methanolic extract of leaves has highest significant dose-dependent analgesic activity at both 200 and 400 mg/kg followed by ethanolic extract of leaves. Among all the compounds, ampelopsin showed the best docking score of -7.055, ensuring strong binding affinity between the ligand and the receptor, and ADME/T analysis using Web-based tools ensures the compound has not violated Lipinski's rule of five indicating its safety consumption. Conclusions The result confirms the analgesic activity of H. odorata leaves in both in vivo and in silico assays. The data support ampelopsin to be a potent analgesic compound worthy of future clinical trials and its "drug-likeliness".

The inter- and intra-rater reliability of the Maestro and Barroco metatarsal length measurement techniques.

BACKGROUND: The relationship between metatarsal length and various forefoot pathologies is a topic of contention in Orthopaedics. The results of such investigations have been shown to depend on the method of metatarsal length measurement used. The aim of this study was to assess the inter- and intra-rater reliability of the Maestro and Barroco metatarsal length measurement techniques. METHODS: A retrospective and quantitative study was performed on 15 randomly selected radiographs to determine the reliability of the two measurement techniques across all five metatarsals (M1 to M5). This was done at one week apart for three weeks by three raters. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and the 95% lower confidence limit (95% LCL) were calculated. RESULTS: The Maestro and Barroco techniques produced high to very high ICC vlaues for length measurements across all metatarsals. The 95% lower confidence limit for inter-rater measurements ranged between 0.92-0.98 for Maestro's and 0.86-0.99 for Barroco's technique. For intra-rater measurements the 95% LCL ranged between 0.83-0.99 for Maestro's and 0.75-0.99 for Barroco's technique. CONCLUSIONS: Our study found that both the Maestro and Barroco methods of measurements produced high to very high inter- and intra-rater reliability. Both methods may be suitable for the use of peri-operative planning and clinical research relating metatarsal length and forefoot pathology. Besides having a more simplistic method of application, the novel Barroco technique is comparable to the more established Maestro method in both repeatability and reproducibility.

A percepção dos docentes da rede socioassistencial, estabelecendo alternativas para jovens na educação profissional / The perception of theachers from the socio-assistence network, establishing alternatives for young people in professional education / La percepción de los docentes de la red de asistencia social, estableciendo alternativas para los jóvenes en la educación profesional

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo apreender a percepção dos docentes no processo de formação de jovens em situação de vulnerabilidade social, participantes do Programa de Jovem Aprendiz, no município de Belo Horizonte. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva, que será desenvolvida em organização não governamental (ONG) do terceiro setor. Delimitou-se o trabalho docente como objeto deste estudo bem como as reflexões e as práticas aplicadas em relação ao jovem em sala de aula. A revisão da literatura permitiu constatar problemas centrais como a ausência de estudos sobre a percepção docente da rede socioassistencial, a formação e condições de trabalho docente. Os temas que fazem parte desta pesquisa foram subdivididos em tópicos: o trabalho, a juventude, a atuação docente e a educação profissional. Procurou-se pesquisar a maneira como os docentes compreendem o contexto, a seleção e organização de diferentes conteúdos e como qualifica o processo de formação, aquisição de conhecimento e interpretação dos jovens na educação profissional. Pretendeu-se principalmente examinar entre os docentes se as contribuições teóricas têm sido suficientes para provocar mudanças na perspectiva de superação da vulnerabilidade social e da ampliação da cidadania desses jovens para a valorização de seu potencial humano. Espera-se que este trabalho possa colaborar de alguma forma na reflexão sobre a percepção do docente na educação profissional e para a formação de jovens em situação de vulnerabilidade social, pois esse campo encontra-se em constante transformação, no contexto político, econômico ou social.(AU)

The objective of this study is to understand the perception of teachers in the process of training young people in situations of social vulnerability attending the Young Apprentice Program in the city of Belo Horizonte. It is a qualitative and descriptive research that will be developed in a non-governmental organization (NGO) of the third sector. The work of the teacher is the object of this study, as well as the reflections and practices applied in relation to the young person in the classroom. Review of the literature has revealed central problems such as the absence of studies on teacher perception socio-assistance network, training and working conditions. The themes that are part of this research are subdivided into three topics: work, youth, teaching and professional education. It focus on analyzing how teachers understand the context, selection and organization of different contents and how they qualify the process of training, knowledge acquisition and interpretation of young people in professional education. Its main objective is to examine among teachers whether the theoretical contributions have been sufficient to bring about changes in the perspective of overcoming social vulnerability and expanding citizenship of these young people in order to enhance their human potential. It is hoped that this work can collaborate in some way in the reflection on the perception of the teacher in professional education and training of youngsters in situation of social vulnerability, because this field is in constant transformation, in the context of political, economic or social.(AU)

El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo comprender la percepción de los docentes en el proceso de formación de jóvenes en situación de vulnerabilidad social, participantes del Programa Joven Aprendiz, en la ciudad de Belo Horizonte. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa y descriptiva, que se desarrollará en una organización no gubernamental (ONG) del tercer sector. Se definió como objeto de este estudio la labor docente, así como las reflexiones y prácticas aplicadas en relación a los jóvenes en el aula. La revisión de la literatura reveló problemas centrales como la falta de estudios sobre la percepción docente sobre la red de asistencia social, la formación docente y las condiciones laborales. Los temas que forman parte de esta investigación se subdividieron en tópicos: trabajo, juventud, docencia y formación profesional. Buscamos investigar cómo los docentes entienden el contexto, selección y organización de los diferentes contenidos y cómo califican el proceso de formación, adquisición de conocimientos e interpretación de los jóvenes en la educación profesional. El objetivo principal fue examinar entre los docentes si los aportes teóricos han sido suficientes para provocar cambios en la perspectiva de superación de la vulnerabilidad social y ampliar la ciudadanía de estos jóvenes para valorar su potencial humano. Se espera que este trabajo pueda contribuir de alguna manera a la reflexión sobre la percepción del docente en la formación profesional y para la formación de jóvenes en situación de vulnerabilidad social, ya que este campo está en constante transformación, en el contexto político, económico o social.(AU)

Molecular modeling studies of coruscanone (A) core nucleus as potential antifungal agents.

Fungal diseases could be serious and, in some cases, life-threatening. Considering the limited availability of antifungal agents in use, and the emergence of multi drug resistance (MDR) in fungal infections, there is a pressing need for the development of novel broad spectrum antifungal drugs with better efficacy. Coruscanone A analogues, natural derivatives which target the fungal lanosterol enzyme, were docked against lanosterol 14 α-demethylase (CYP51A1) that converts lanosterol to 4,4-dimethylcholesta-8,14,24-trien-3ß-ol in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway in order to stabilize the plasma membrane of the fungal species, and hence can be targeted for an effective antifungal therapy. For this purpose, we have employed Glide docking, using MAESTRO to predict binding modes of these Coruscanone (A) analogs to the enzyme. Results showed that some of these compounds were potent inhibitors of this enzyme compared to fluconazole (the known ligand of the enzyme that was used as control in the study) as evidenced by their docking scores and binding interactions. In conclusion, these finding may be helpful in the design of new effective and potent antifungal inhibitors.

The development of a reference database with the Topcon 3D OCT-1 Maestro.

IMPORTANCE: The paper presents the range for measurements taken with a new spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) device to establish a reference database for discrimination purposes. OBJECTIVE: To report the range of thickness values for the new Topcon Maestro 3D OCT device with 2 scan size settings: the 12×9 mm wide field and 6×6 mm scans. DESIGN: Prospective, multicenter cohort study conducted at 7 clinical sites across the USA. SETTING: Primary eyecare clinics within academic, hospital, and private practice locations. PARTICIPANTS: Healthy volunteers; all enrolled participants underwent a complete ophthalmological examination to confirm healthy ocular status prior to being enrolled in the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Average and 1st, 5th, 95th, and 99th percentile ranges for OCT parameters Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study macula full retinal thickness, ganglion cell + inner plexiform layer thickness (GCL + IPL), ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness, circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) thickness. RESULTS: Three hundred and ninety-nine eyes of 399 subjects were included in the analysis. Mean (SD) age was 46.3 (16.3) years (range 18-88 years). Forty-three percent of the subjects were male. Mean (SD) measurements (in µm) for the 12×9 mm wide scan were as follows: foveal thickness=237.079 (20.899), GCL + IPL=71.363 (5.924), GCC=105.949 (8.533), cpRNFL=104.720 (11.829); measurements for the 6×6 mm scans were as follows: foveal thickness=234.000 (20.657), GCL + IPL=71.726 (5.880), GCC=106.698 (9.094), cpRNFL=104.036 (11.341). CONCLUSION: The overall normal thickness values reported with Topcon 3D OCT-1 Maestro were like those studies with OCT from different manufactures. The reference limits at the 1st, 5th, 95th, and 99th percentile points establish the thresholds for the quantitative comparison of the cpRNFL and the macula in the human retina to a database of known healthy subjects.

A epistemologia da prática na produção acadêmica stricto sensu sobre formação de professores em Educação Física / The epistemology of practice in stricto sensu academic production on teacher training in Physical Education / La epistemología de la práctica en la producción académica estricto sensu sobre la formación docente en Educación Física

RESUMO Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender como as teorias que sustentam a chamada epistemologia da prática se fazem presentes no debate acadêmico sobre a formação de professores de Educação Física. Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo bibliográfica, que buscou investigar as produções acadêmicas stricto sensu, selecionadas no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Capes, produzidas nos últimos dez anos e que versam sobre formação de professores de Educação Física. Apesar de identificarmos produções onde o caráter ideológico de tais teorias é questionado, a análise nos permitiu compreender que as teorias que sustentam a epistemologia da prática se fazem presentes na maior parte das produções acadêmicas, reforçando a finalidade pragmática sobre o trabalho docente.

ABSTRACT This research aimed to understand how the theories that support the so-called epistemology of practice are present in the academic debate on the training of Physical Education teachers. This is a bibliographical research, which sought to investigate stricto sensu academic productions, selected in the Catalog of theses and dissertations of Capes, produced in the last ten years and that deal with the training of Physical Education teachers. Despite identifying productions where the ideological character of such theories is questioned, the analysis allowed us to understand that the theories that support the epistemology of practice are present in most academic productions, reinforcing the pragmatic purpose of teaching work.

RESUMEN Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo comprender cómo las teorías que sustentan la llamada epistemología de la práctica están presentes en el debate académico sobre la formación de profesores de Educación Física. Se trata de una investigación bibliográfica, que buscó investigar producciones académicas estricto sensu, seleccionadas en el Catálogo de tesis y disertaciones de la Capes, producidas en los últimos diez años y que versan sobre la formación de profesores de Educación Física. A pesar de identificar producciones donde se cuestiona el carácter ideológico de tales teorías, el análisis permitió comprender que las teorías que sustentan la epistemología de la práctica están presentes en la mayoría de las producciones académicas, reforzando el propósito pragmático del trabajo docente.

Ensino de segurança do paciente segundo as percepções e vivências de docentes de enfermagem / La enseñanza en seguridad del paciente según las percepciones y experiencias de profesores de enfermería / The teaching of patient safety according with the perceptions and experiences of nursing professors

Objetivo: descrever as percepções e vivências de docentes da graduação de enfermagem sobre o ensino de segurança do paciente. Método: estudo transversal, descritivo, quali-quantitativo, realizado com professores de enfermagem de uma universidade federal, realizado de setembro a novembro de 2018. Os dados foram coletados através de um formulário eletrônico e processados de forma descritiva simples com auxílio do software Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionneires. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 21 docentes e emergiram três classes: primeiros passos e estímulos para o ensino de segurança do paciente no curso de enfermagem (42,5%), ações realizadas em prol do ensino de segurança do paciente na graduação (26,4%) e agentes promotores de mudanças no ensino de segurança do paciente na graduação de enfermagem (31,1%). Conclusão: os docentes reconheceram a segurança do paciente como um tema transversal e importante no processo formativo, mas com pouca expressividade na instituição.

Objetivo: describir las percepciones y experiencias de profesores de graduación en enfermería sobre la enseñanza de la seguridad del paciente. Método: estudio transversal, descriptivo, cuali-cuantitativo, realizado con profesores de enfermería de una universidad federal, realizado de septiembre a noviembre de 2018. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de un formulario electrónico y procesados de forma descriptiva simple con ayuda del Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionneires. Resultados: la muestra estuvo compuesta por 21 profesores y surgieron tres clases: primeros pasos y estímulos para la enseñanza de la seguridad del paciente en la carrera de enfermería (42,5%), acciones realizadas a favor de la enseñanza de la seguridad del paciente en la graduación (26,4%) y agentes promotores cambios en la enseñanza de la seguridad del paciente en la graduación de enfermería (31,1%). Conclusión: los profesores reconocieron la seguridad del paciente como un tema transversal e importante en el proceso de formación, pero con poca expresión en la institución.

Objective: To describe the perceptions and experiences of nursing graduation professors regarding the teaching of patient safety. Method: Cross-sectional, descriptive, quali-quantitative study, carried out with nursing professors from a federal university from September to November 2018. Data was collected using an electronic form and processed using simple descriptive analysis aided by the software Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionneires. Results: The sample was formed by 21 professors, and three classes were generated: First steps and encouragement for the teaching of patient safety in the nursing course (42.5%); Actions towards patient safety teaching in graduation (26.4%); and Actors of change in the teaching of patient safety in nursing graduation (31.1%). Conclusion: The professors recognized patient safety as an important cross-sectional topic in the formation process, despite its little presence in the institution.

A vocação colonial do território amazônico: o plano diretor de desenvolvimento urbano de Barcarena / The colonial vocation of the amazon territory: Barcarena's urban development master plan / La vocación colonial del territorio amazónico: el plan maestro urbano de Barcarena

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise decolonial de dois planos territoriais pensados, respectivamente, à Amazônia e o território de Barcarena. Tem como objetivo geral analisar a vocação colonial do território de Barcarena estabelecida no plano diretor municipal. Trata-se de relatório de pesquisa com enfoque na discussão sobre a colonialidade do poder e o processo de formação social da Amazônia brasileira, a partir de documentos internacionais e municipais, especificamente a Agenda de Projetos Prioritários de Integração do Conselho Sul-Americanos de Infraestrutura e Planejamento (2012-2022) e o Plano Diretor de Desenvolvimento Urbano de Barcarena (2016-2026). Os resultados denunciam a presença da colonialidade do poder nos instrumentos oficiais de planejamento territorial global e local que determinam a vocação local do território de Barcarena no processo de controle dos territórios da Amazônia.(AU)

This work presents a decolonial analysis of two territorial plans designed, respectively, for the Amazon and the territory of Barcarena. Its general objective is to analyze the colonial vocation of the territory of Barcarena established in the municipal master plan. It is a research report focusing on the discussion of the coloniality of power and the process of social formation in the Brazilian Amazon, based on international and municipal documents, specifically the Agenda of Priority Integration Projects of the South American Council for Infrastructure and Planning (2012-2022) and the Master Plan for Urban Development of Barcarena (2016-2026). The results denounce the presence of the coloniality of power in the official instruments of global and local territorial planning that determine the local vocation of the territory of Barcarena in the process of controlling the territories of the Amazon.(AU)

Este trabajo presenta un análisis decolonial de dos planes territoriales diseñados, respectivamente, para la Amazonía y el territorio de Barcarena. Su objetivo general es analizar la vocación colonial del territorio de Barcarena establecida en el plan director municipal. Se trata de un informe de investigación centrado en la discusión sobre la colonialidad del poder y el proceso de formación social en la Amazonía brasileña, a partir de documentos internacionales y municipales, específicamente la Agenda de Proyectos Prioritarios de Integración del Consejo Suramericano de Infraestructura y Planificación (2012). -2022) y el Plan Director de Desarrollo Urbano de Barcarena (2016-2026). Los resultados denuncian la presencia de la colonialidad del poder en los instrumentos oficiales de planificación territorial global y local que determinan la vocación local del territorio Barcarena en el proceso de control de los territorios amazónicos.(AU)