Myelination of peripheral nerves is controlled by PI4KB through regulation of Schwann cell Golgi function.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
; 117(45): 28102-28113, 2020 11 10.
Article
in En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33106410
ABSTRACT
Better understanding myelination of peripheral nerves would benefit patients affected by peripheral neuropathies, including Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Little is known about the role the Golgi compartment plays in Schwann cell (SC) functions. Here, we studied the role of Golgi in myelination of peripheral nerves in mice through SC-specific genetic inactivation of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta (PI4KB), a Golgi-associated lipid kinase. Sciatic nerves of such mice showed thinner myelin of large diameter axons and gross aberrations in myelin organization affecting the nodes of Ranvier, the Schmidt-Lanterman incisures, and Cajal bands. Nonmyelinating SCs showed a striking inability to engulf small diameter nerve fibers. SCs of mutant mice showed a distorted Golgi morphology and disappearance of OSBP at the cis-Golgi compartment, together with a complete loss of GOLPH3 from the entire Golgi. Accordingly, the cholesterol and sphingomyelin contents of sciatic nerves were greatly reduced and so was the number of caveolae observed in SCs. Although the conduction velocity of sciatic nerves of mutant mice showed an 80% decrease, the mice displayed only subtle impairment in their motor functions. Our analysis revealed that Golgi functions supported by PI4KB are critically important for proper myelination through control of lipid metabolism, protein glycosylation, and organization of microvilli in the nodes of Ranvier of peripheral nerves.
Key words
Full text:
1
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Peripheral Nerves
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Schwann Cells
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Minor Histocompatibility Antigens
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Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)
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Golgi Apparatus
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Myelin Sheath
Limits:
Animals
Language:
En
Year:
2020
Type:
Article