ABSTRACT
PURPOSE:
Some systemic conditions, especially
diabetes mellitus (DM), adversely
affect dental implant success. This study aimed to investigate the effects of
ibuprofen-loaded TiO2
nanotube (ILTN)
dental implants in
alloxan-induced diabetic
rabbits.
METHODS:
Twenty-six
New Zealand white rabbits were treated with
alloxan monohydrate to induce DM. At 2 weeks following DM induction, 3 types of implants (sandblasted, large-grit, and
acid-etched [SLA], ILTN, and machined) were placed into the proximal
tibia in the 10
rabbits that survived following DM induction. Each type of implant was fitted randomly in 1 of the holes (round-
robin method). The
animals were administered alizarin (at 3 weeks) and calcein (at 6 weeks) as fluorescent
bone markers, and were sacrificed at 8 weeks for radiographic and histomorphometric analyses.
RESULTS:
TiO2
nanotube arrays of ~70 nm in diameter and ~17 µm in thickness were obtained, and
ibuprofen was loaded into the TiO2
nanotube arrays. A total of 26
rabbits were treated with
alloxan monohydrate and only 10
rabbits survived. The 10 surviving
rabbits showed a
blood glucose level of 300 mg/dL or higher, and the implants were placed in these diabetic
rabbits. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) and
bone-to-implant contact (BIC) values were significantly higher in the ILTN group (ISQ 61.8, BIC 41.3%) and SLA group (ISQ 62.6, BIC 46.3%) than in the machined group (ISQ 53.4, BIC 20.2%), but the difference in the BIC percentage between the SLA and ILTN groups was not statistically significant (P=0.628). However, the
bone area percentage was significantly higher in the ILTN group (78.0%) than in the SLA group (52.1%; P=0.000).
CONCLUSIONS:
The ILTN
dental implants showed better stability (ISQ) and BIC than the machined implants; however, these values were
similar to the commercially used SLA implants in the 2-week diabetic
rabbit model.
