Equity in vaccination policies to overcome social deprivation as a risk factor for invasive meningococcal disease.

According to the World Health Organization, health equity is achieved when every person has access to the highest attainable health standard regardless of socioeconomic status. Achieving health equity in access to vaccination is particularly important, as vaccination is one of the most effective public health measures. However, vaccines are often paid by public funds only when they are recommended in the country's National Immunization Program. This can increase inequity between the rich and poor, as people with fewer resources are less likely to have private insurance and be aware of vaccines that are not suggested by their doctor. Invasive meningococcal disease is uncommon and unpredictable but a serious infection that can result in long-term disability and can kill within 24 hours. Vaccination is the best measure to prevent it.We reviewed scientific studies to assess the link between socioeconomic status, the risk of having the disease, and the likelihood of being vaccinated against it. We found that the poorest households have the highest risk of getting the disease and the lowest vaccination rates, even in countries with successful vaccination programs.Achieving universal vaccination against invasive meningococcal disease is challenging for financial reasons and because the disease is uncommon. Key factors identified to improve vaccination uptake and reduce health inequity are the need for publicly funded vaccines, increased parents' knowledge of available vaccines, and stronger engagement of vaccination recommendation by doctors/nurses (see also Supplementary Figure 1).