Enhancing high-quality fat survival: A novel strategy using cell-free fat extract.

ABSTRACT

High-quality fat (HQF) improves the survival rate of fat and volumetric filling compared to traditional Coleman fat. However, this HQF strategy inevitably leads to a significant amount of unused fat being wasted. "CEFFE" (cell-free fat extract) is an acellular aqueous-phase liquid, rich in bioactive proteins. The remaining fat from preparing HQF can be further processed into CEFFE to promote the survival of HQF. HQF was obtained and the remaining fat was processed into CEFFE, then HQF was transplanted subcutaneously in nude mice. Animal studies showed that CEFFE significantly improved the survival rate of HQF. Histological analysis revealed that CEFFE improved the survival rate of HQF, by enhancing cell proliferation activity, reducing apoptosis, increasing angiogenesis, and improving the inflammatory state. Under simulated anaerobic conditions, CEFFE also improved the viability of HQF. In vitro, studies demonstrated that CEFFE enhanced the survival rate of HQF through multiple mechanisms. Transcriptomic analysis and qPCR showed that CEFFE increased the expression of angiogenesis-related genes in ADSCs while enhancing their proliferation-related gene expression and suppressing the expression of three differentiation-related genes. Moreover, functional experiments demonstrated that CEFFE-induced ADSCs exhibited stronger proliferation and adipogenic differentiation abilities. Tube formation and migration assays revealed that CEFFE promoted tube formation and migration of HUVECs, indicating its inherent pro-angiogenic properties. CEFFE facilitated the development of M0 to M2 macrophages, suggesting its role in improving the inflammatory state. This innovative clinical strategy optimizes HQF transplantation strategy, minimizing fat wastage and enhancing the efficiency of fat utilization.