A Mediterranean diet supplemented with dairy foods improves markers of cardiovascular risk: results from the MedDairy randomized controlled trial.
Am J Clin Nutr
; 108(6): 1166-1182, 2018 12 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30351388
ABSTRACT
Background:
The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) offers benefits to cardiovascular health but may not meet Western recommendations for calcium and dairy intake, which could impede long-term adoption.Objective:
The current study aimed to determine the effect of a MedDiet supplemented with dairy foods on cardiovascular risk factors.Design:
A randomized, controlled, crossover design compared a MedDiet with 3-4 daily servings of dairy (MedDairy) and a low-fat (LF) control diet. Forty-one participants aged ≥45 y and at risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) were randomly allocated to their first intervention, either the MedDairy or LF diet. Participants followed each intervention for 8 wk, and an 8-wk washout period separated interventions. The primary outcome was home-measured systolic blood pressure (SBP) assessed in the morning, afternoon, and evening. Secondary outcomes included clinic-measured blood pressure (morning), body composition, blood lipids, C-reactive protein (CRP), plasma glucose, serum insulin, and the Framingham Risk Score.Results:
Compared with the LF intervention, the MedDairy intervention resulted in a significantly lower morning SBP (mean difference -1.6 mm Hg; 95% CI -2.8, -0.4 mm Hg; P = 0.01), lower morning diastolic blood pressure (mean difference -1.0; 95% CI -1.7, -0.2 mm Hg; P = 0.01) and clinic SBP (mean difference -3.5 mm Hg; 95% CI -6.4, -0.7 mm Hg; P = 0.02), significantly higher HDL cholesterol (mean difference 0.04 mmol/L; 95% CI 0.01, 0.06 mmol/L; P < 0.01), lower triglycerides (mean difference = -0.05 mmol/L; 95% CI -0.08, -0.01 mmol/L; P < 0.01), and lower ratio of total to HDL cholesterol (mean difference -0.4; 95% CI -0.6, -0.2; P < 0.001). No effects were observed for other outcome measures.Conclusions:
Following a MedDiet with additional dairy foods led to significant changes in markers of cardiovascular risk over 8 wk. The MedDiet supplemented with dairy may be appropriate for an improvement in cardiovascular risk factors in a population at risk of CVD. This trial was registered at anzctr.org.au as ACTRN12616000309482.
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Biomarcadores
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Enfermedades Cardiovasculares
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Productos Lácteos
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Dieta Mediterránea
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
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Etiology_studies
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Guideline
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Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
País/Región como asunto:
Oceania
Idioma:
En
Año:
2018
Tipo del documento:
Article