Effects of implementing a vaccination tool in the electronic medical record on vaccination coverage of patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: a prospective cohort study.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The rising incidence of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID) requires innovative management strategies, including effective vaccination. We aimed to assess the impact of an electronic medical record (EMR)-integrated vaccination tool on vaccination coverage among patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), rheumatological and dermatological conditions. METHODS: A prospective observational study compared vaccination coverage before (2018) and after (2021) implementing the module. Vaccination data for influenza, pneumococcus, hepatitis B and tetanus, and potential predictors were collected from 1430 IMID patients (44.9% male, median age (interquartile range [IQR]) 54 (40-66) years, 789 with IBD, 604 with rheumatological and 37 with dermatological conditions). Data were analysed using McNemar, chi-square tests and multinominal logistic regression. RESULTS: Significant increases in pneumococcus (56.6% to 73.1%, p < .001) and hepatitis B vaccination (62.2% to 75.9%, p < .001) were observed. Influenza vaccination rates increased among IBD (76.2% to 80.5%, p = .006) but remained stable overall (73.1% to 73.2%, p = 1.000). Tetanus vaccination rates decreased (71.5% to 55.0%, p < .001). The proportion of fully vaccinated patients (against influenza in the past year for patients >50 years old and/or under immunosuppressive therapy, against pneumococcus in the past 5 years for patients >65 years old and/or under immunosuppressive therapy and additionally against hepatitis B for IBD patients) rose from 41.3% to 54.8% (p < .001 all using McNemar). Factors associated with vaccinations included age, immunosuppressive therapy and education level. CONCLUSIONS: Increased vaccination coverage was measured after implementing the vaccination tool. The COVID19 pandemic and the 2018 measurement might have increased vaccination awareness. Education of patients and healthcare professionals remains crucial.