Potential Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Polyphenolic Compounds from Cirsium japonicum Extract.

Cirsium japonicum is a medicinal plant that has been used due to its beneficial properties. However, extensive information regarding its therapeutic potential is scarce in the scientific literature. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of polyphenols derived from the Cirsium japonicum extracts (CJE) was systematically analyzed. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with mass spectrometry (MS) was used to examine the compounds in CJE. A total of six peaks of polyphenol compounds were identified in the extract, and their MS data were also confirmed. These bioactive compounds were subjected to ultrafiltration with LC analysis to assess their potential for targeting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and DPPH. The outcomes showed which primary compounds had the highest affinity for binding both COX2 and DPPH. This suggests that components that showed excellent binding ability to DPPH and COX2 can be considered significant active substances. Additionally, in vitro analysis of CJE was carried out in macrophage cells after inducing inflammation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). As a result, it downregulated the expression of two critical pro-inflammatory cytokines, COX2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In addition, we found a solid binding ability through the molecular docking analysis of the selected compounds with inflammatory mediators. In conclusion, we identified polyphenolic compounds in CJE extract and confirmed their potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. These results may provide primary data for the application of CJE in the food and pharmaceutical industries with further analysis.

Antioxidant effects of phenolic compounds in through the distillation of Lonicera japonica & Chenpi extract and anti-inflammation on skin keratinocyte.

The phenolic compounds in Lonicera japonica & Chenpi distillation extract (LCDE) were thoroughly examined for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Phenolic compounds in LCDE were analyzed for five peaks using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with mass spectrometry (MS) and determined. Five phenolic compounds were identified from the samples and MS data. Ultrafiltration with LC analysis was used to investigate the ability of bioactive compounds to target DPPH. As a result, it was confirmed that the major compounds exhibited a high binding affinity to DPPH and could be regarded as antioxidant-active compounds. In addition, the anti-inflammatory effect of LCDE was confirmed in vitro, and signal inhibition of anti-inflammation cytokines, MAPK and NF-kB pathways was confirmed. Finally, Molecular docking analysis supplements the anti-inflammatory effect through the binding affinity of selected compounds and inflammatory factors. In conclusion, the phenolic compounds of the LCDE were identified and potential active compounds for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were identified. Additionally, this study will be utilized to provide basic information for the application of LCDE in the pharmaceutical and pharmaceutical cosmetics industries along with information on efficient screening techniques for other medicinal plants.

Structural and Functional Properties of Activator Protein-1 in Cancer and Inflammation.

The transcriptional machinery is composed of numerous factors that help to regulate gene expression in cells. The function and the fundamental role of transcription factors in different human diseases and cancer have been extensively researched. Activator protein-1 (AP-1) is an inducible transcription factor that consists of a diverse group of members including Jun, Fos, Maf, and ATF. AP-1 involves a number of processes such as proliferation, migration, and survival in cells. Dysfunctional AP-1 activity is seen in several diseases, especially cancer and inflammatory disorders. The AP-1 proteins are controlled by mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the NF-κB pathway. AP-1 inhibitors can be actively pursued as drug discovery targets in cancer therapy when used as a treatment to halt tumor progression. The consumption of phytochemicals in the diet is related to decreasing the incidence of cancer and proves to exhibit anticancer properties. Natural product targets AP-1 are effective cancer prevention and treatment options for various cancer types. Targeting AP-1 with natural products is an effective cancer treatment option for different cancer types. This review summarizes AP-1 subunit proteins, their structures, AP-1-related signaling, and its modulation by natural bioactive compounds.