Efficacy of Baishao Luoshi decoction on synaptic plasticity in rats with post stroke spasticity.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of Baishao Luoshi decoction (, BD) on synaptic plasticity in rats with post stroke spasticity (PSS), and to study the mechanism behind the action. METHODS: The PSS model of rat was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The neurological deficit symptoms were evaluated by modified neurological deficit score (mNSS). Muscle tension were evaluated by Modified Ashworth score (MAS). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the synaptic ultrastructure. The expression of synaptic plasticity-related protein brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), growth associated protein-43 (GAP43), synaptophysin (p38) and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) in the brain tissue around the infarct were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS: We found that mNSS were significantly improved and limb spasticity was ameliorated treated by BD. The thickness of postsynaptic density and the synaptic curvature increased significantly. The expression of synaptic plasticity-related protein BDNF, GAP43, p38, MAP2 in the brain tissue around the infarct were raised remarkably after treated by BD. CONCLUSIONS: Alleviating PSS by BD may be related to rescuing the synaptic plasticity, which provides a probable new therapeutic method for PSS.

Xiaoyao San, a Chinese herbal formula, ameliorates depression-like behavior in mice through the AdipoR1/AMPK/ACC pathway in hypothalamus / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE@#Depression and metabolic disorders have overlapping psychosocial and pathophysiological causes. Current research is focused on the possible role of adiponectin in regulating common biological mechanisms. Xiaoyao San (XYS), a classic Chinese medicine compound, has been widely used in the treatment of depression and can alleviate metabolic disorders such as lipid or glucose metabolism disorders. However, the ability of XYS to ameliorate depression-like behavior as well as metabolic dysfunction in mice and the underlying mechanisms are unclear.@*METHODS@#An in vivo animal model of depression was established by chronic social defeat stress (CSDS). XYS and fluoxetine were administered by gavage to the drug intervention group. Depression-like behaviors were analyzed by the social interaction test, open field test, forced swim test, and elevated plus maze test. Glucose levels were measured using the oral glucose tolerance test. The involvement of certain molecules was validated by immunofluorescence, histopathology, and Western blotting. In vitro, hypothalamic primary neurons were exposed to high glucose to induce neuronal damage, and the neuroprotective effect of XYS was evaluated by cell counting kit-8 assay. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to evaluate the influences of XYS on adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1), adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) and other related proteins.@*RESULTS@#XYS ameliorated CSDS-induced depression-like behaviors and glucose tolerance impairment in mice and increased the level of serum adiponectin. XYS also restored Nissl bodies in hypothalamic neurons in mice that exhibited depression-like behaviors and decreased the degree of neuronal morphological damage. In vivo and in vitro studies indicated that XYS increased the expression of AdipoR1 in hypothalamic neurons.@*CONCLUSION@#Adiponectin may be a key regulator linking depression and metabolic disorders; regulation of the hypothalamic AdipoR1/AMPK/ACC pathway plays an important role in treatment of depression by XYS.

Hepatic protective effects of Shenling Baizhu powder, a herbal compound, against inflammatory damage via TLR4/NLRP3 signalling pathway in rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE@#High-fat diet (HFD) and inflammation are two key contributors to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Shenling Baizhu powder (SLBZP), a classical herbal compound, has been successfully used to alleviate NAFLD. However, its specific mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we assessed the anti-NAFLD effect of SLBZP in vivo.@*METHODS@#Rats were fed an HFD with or without SLBZP or with probiotics. At the end of week 16, an echo magnetic resonance imaging (EchoMRI) body composition analyser was used to quantitatively analyse body composition; a micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging system was used to evaluate whole body and liver fat; and the Moor full-field laser perfusion imager 2 was used to assess liver microcirculation, after which, all rats were sacrificed. Then, biochemical indicators in the blood and the ultrastructure of rat livers were evaluated. Protein expression related to the liver Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) signalling pathway was assessed using Western blot analysis. Further, high-throughput screening of 29 related inflammatory factors in liver tissue was performed using a cytokine array.@*RESULTS@#SLBZP supplementation reduced body weight, serum free fatty acid, and insulin resistance index (P < 0.05). It also ameliorated liver microcirculation and ultrastructural abnormalities. EchoMRI and micro-CT quantitative analyses showed that treatment with SLBZP reduced fat mass and visceral fat (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). In addition, SLBZP decreased the expression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated TLR4/NLRP3 signalling pathway-related proteins and altered the expression levels of some inflammatory cytokines in liver tissues.@*CONCLUSION@#SLBZP can inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation and interleukin-1β release by suppressing LPS-induced TLR4 expression in rats with HFD-induced NAFLD. Thus, SLBZP may be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory damage and associated diseases.

Comparison of planting modes of Dendrobium huoshanense and analysis of advantages of simulated cultivation / 中国中药杂志

Dendrobium huoshanense is a precious medicinal plant belonging to Dendrobium of Orchidaceae. It is a special medicinal material and extremely scarce in Huoshan county, Anhui province. At present, D. huoshanense has been greatly protected, which also makes it possible to industrialize relying on tissue culture and artificial cultivation technology. Three main planting methods were utilized for cultivating D. huoshanense including facility cultivation, under forest cultivation and simulative habitat cultivation. Firstly, the three cultivation modes and technical characteristics of D. huoshanense were compared and analyzed, and it was found that the ecological environment of D. huoshanense cultivated in the simulated environment was closer to that of wild D. huoshanense. Secondly, based on comparing the characters and quality of three cultivation modes, the results showed that the shape of D. huoshanense cultivated in simulated environment was more similar to that of "grasshopper thigh" recorded in Bencao Jing Jizhu, and its quality was better than that of facilities and under forest cultivation. The comprehensive benefit comparison of three modes showed that the simulated cultivation had high income, the lowest input-output ratio and significant economic benefit. The quality of cultivated D. huoshanense was further evaluated from four aspects of "excellent environment" "excellent shape" "high quality" "excellent effect", which summarized the comprehensive advantages of simulative habitat cultivation of D. huoshanense as follows: the original habitat and site environment of simulated wild D. huoshanense, the closer shape to the wild, the more content of main medicinal components, and higher economic benefit and better efficacy. The quality of D. huoshanense was improved by the use of simulative habitat cultivation, which has practical significance to guide its large-scale cultivation.

Research Progress on Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Effects of Asari Radix et Rhizoma / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Asari Radix et Rhizoma （ARR） is a traditional Chinese medicine for relieving exterior syndrome， and its roots and stems contain rich chemical components， including volatile oils （terpenoids， aromatics and aliphatics）， lignans， flavonoids， etc. Clinically， it has been traditionally used for the treatment of diseases such as phlegm and cough， anemofrigid cold， rheumatic arthralgia due to its ability to spread cold. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that ARR played beneficial roles in analgesic， anti-inflammatory， antitussive， antiasthmatic， antiviral， antibacterial， sedative， antioxidative， and antidepressant responses， antihypertension， as well as tumor suppression. The current studies on the chemical composition of ARR mainly focused on volatile components， and little information is available for the occurrence and pharmacological effects of non-volatile components. In addition， there is a lack of clear classification of chemical components and the distribution of chemical components in medicinal parts and the origin of species. Therefore， in this study， the authors reviewed a large number of literature on the chemical compositions and pharmacological effects of ARR， and hoping to provide a reference for further pharmacological research and the new drug development of ARR.

Investigation on Compatibility Characteristics and Mechanism of Baimai Ointment in Intervening "White Vein" by Integrating Bioinformatics Analysis and Prescription Rule Discovery / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the mechanism and compatibility characteristics of Baimai ointment （BMO） in the treatment of white vein disease from the network perspective based on system theory， so as to provide biological basis for its clinical application. Method:The chemical components and the corresponding candidate target spectra of BMO were obtained from The Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine （ETCM） and Integrative Pharmacology-based Research Platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCMIP）. According to the clinicopathological characteristics of white vein disease， focusing on four diseases/symptoms including neuropathic pain， inflammatory pain， chronic pain and lumbar disc herniation root neuralgia， the gene sets related to white vein disease were collected in Human Phenotype Ontology （HPO）， DisGeNET and other databases， then the interaction network of the targets of active components in BMO-gene sets related to white vein disease was constructed. On this basis， the hub network nodes were selected and enriched for exploring the mechanism of four functional groups of BMO in the treatment of white vein disease such as Huoxue Tongluo group （Curcumae Longae Rhizoma， Moschus， Tronae）， Xingqi Zhitong group （Myristicae Semen， Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma， Acori Calami Rhizoma）， Wenjing Sanhan Tongluo group （Zingiberis Rhizoma， Zanthoxyli Pericarpium， Caraway） and Jianpi Wenshen Qianggu group （Actinolite， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma）. Result:The enriched pathways of the four functional groups in BMO were mainly distributed in three modules of nervous system function， inflammation-immune system regulation and body energy metabolism， and each module was connected by common target genes especially had its own focus. Among them， the regulation of nervous system function in Huoxue Tongluo group and Xingqi Zhitong group could be summarized as Huoxue Buqi and Xingshen Kaiqiao. Xingqi Zhitong group and Jianpi Wenshen Qianggu group were mainly used to promote the operation of Qi， promote blood metaplasia， enhance immunity and maintain the regulation of inflammation-immune system. Jianpi Wenshen Qianggu group and Wenjing Sanhan Tongluo group mainly regulated body energy metabolism by invigorating the spleen and supplementing Qi as well as warm-heat medicine. The whole formula focused on the multi-dimensional and multi-level mechanism of BMO in the intervention of white vein disease. Each functional group emphasized its respective characteristics in nervous system function， inflammation-immune regulation， and body energy metabolism. Two types of networks analysis models complemented and verified each other. Conclusion:BMO plays a role in the treatment of white vein disease mainly by regulating the function of nervous system， maintaining the balance of inflammation-immune system and interfering with energy metabolism. The relevant research results can provide reference for the in-depth exploration of the mechanism of BMO， and help to guide the clinical rational use of this preparation.

Quality analysis of Citri Trifoliatae Fructus in different harvest time by HPLC combined with electronic eye technology / 中国中药杂志

As a local variety of medicinal material, Citri Trifoliatae Fructus is widely used in many places, whereas its harvest time remains unclear. Therefore, studying its harvest time can make more reasonable use of this medicinal material. In this study, we determined the flavonoids content and compared the color of Citri Trifoliatae Fructus harvested in different time, aiming to guide the harvest of this medicinal material. The fresh fruits of Citrus trifoliata were collected from Xinxiang city, Henan province, graded according to the diameter range, and then dried. The contents of isonaringin, naringen, and poncirin in Citri Trifoliatae Fructus were determined by HPLC, and the color values of the samples were detected by electronic eye. The correlation analysis of the obtained data was carried out to explore the relationships of color and diameter with quality. The results showed that the contents of isonaringin, naringen, and poncirin varied significantly in different harvest time, within the ranges of 0.21-1.20, 2.21-11.59, and 3.73-23.16 mg·g~(-1), respectively. With the delay of harvest time, Citri Trifoliatae Fructus showed the color changing from green to yellow, gradually increased diameter, and gradually decreased contents of isonaringin, naringen, and poncirin. The contents of isonaringin, naringen, and poncirin were negatively correlated with the degree of red and green(a~*) and positively correlated with the degree of yellow and blue(b~*). The contents of naringen and poncirin had significantly negative correlations with the diameter. This study indicates that the quality of Citri Trifoliatae Fructus can be judged by its diameter and skin color, which provides a theoretical basis for the rational harvest of this medicinal material.

Effects of soil factors on saikosaponin content of Bupleurum chinense in different habitats / 中草药

Objective: Soil is an important factor affecting the formation and accumulation of active ingredients in Chinese medicinal herbs. Taking 29 sample wild and cultivated Bupleurum chinense of 11 areas as study materails, using mathematical statistical analysis methods to explore the relationship between saikosaponin accumulation and soil factors in order to improve the quality of B. chinense by soil ecological regulation. Methods: HPLC analysis of the contents of saikosaponins a, c, d, e, and f from different habitats; pH, organic matter, conductivity, soil water, total nitrogen, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, effective calcium, effective magnesium, effective iron, effective copper, and effective manganese were determined by conventional soil physicochemical property assay methods, cluster analysis method was used to analyze the content of saikosaponin from different habitats, analysis of the relationship between soil factors and the content of saikosaponin by Pearson correlation analysis, analysis of soil factors using principal component analysis. Results: Determination of saikosaponin showed that higher content of saikosaponin in Henan province (habitat 5, habitat 6), total content of saikosaponin a and saikosaponin d in habitat10 was 5.16 times the national standard.Cluster analysis of B. chinense from different origins, according to the content of saikosaponin, the B. chinense from 29 habitats were grouped into three types. Pearson correlation analysis of saikosaponin content and soil factors that the organic matter in the soil was significantly positively correlated with saponin a and total saponins (P < 0.05), there was a significant positive correlation between available zinc and available iron and each saikosaponin (P < 0.05) properly improve the organic matter, effective zinc, effective ironcontent in the soil can promote the accumulation of saikosaponin.Analysis of the principal components of soil from different habitats, the higher score was habitat 9, habitat 10, habitat 11, habitat 14, habitat 19, habitat 28. This is basically consistent with the results of cluster analysis of saikosaponin content. Based on the analysis of the main soil indicators of B. chinense from different habitats that in a certain range, the higher organic and effective zinc content, the more favorable were the accumulation of saikosaponins. This was basically consistent with the results of Pearson correlation analysis. Conclusion: These results indicated enhancement of organic matter, effective zinc, in the soil can improve the saikosaponin content in cultivated B. chinense.

Systematic review and screening of basic Chinese herbs for traditional Chinese medicine compounds combined with levodopa medicine in treatment of Parkinson's disease / 中国中药杂志

To systematically evaluate the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) compounds combined with levodopa medicine in the treatment of Parkinson's disease(PD), and screen basic herbs to provide certain evidence-based medical proof and program for better guidance on clinical drug use. Six databases were searched to screen out the randomized controlled trial on the TCM compounds combined with levodopa medicine in the treatment of PD. Literature quality of the included studies was evaluated by improved Jadad rating scale, and the Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3 software. After the data of the basic TCM compounds involved were sorted out, the strong association rules were found by using Apriori algorithm of SPSS Modeler 18.0 software, and then the basic herbs for the treatment of PD could be picked out. A total of 20 studies were eventually included, involving 1 784 patients. Ten studies were of high-quality literature, Jadad score≥4 points. Meta-analysis showed that efficacy of TCM combined with levodopa medicine was better than levodopa medicine alone in lowering Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS) score: UPDRS Ⅰ(MD=-0.43, 95%CI[-0.62,-0.24], P<0.000 1), UPDRS Ⅱ(MD=-2.72, 95%CI[-3.24,-2.21], P<0.000 01), UPDRS Ⅲ(MD =-1.97, 95%CI[-2.69,-1.25], P<0.000 01), UPDRS Ⅳ(MD=-0.28, 95%CI[-0.46,-0.11], P=0.002). And the improvement in UPDRS score reduction rate of TCM combined with levodopa medicine was better than that in levodopa medicine alone: effective rate(OR=4.81, 95%CI[3.50, 6.62], P<0.000 01). Data mining results showed that the basic prescription for treating PD consisted of Paeoniae Radix Alba-Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-Gastrodiae Rhizoma in general. According to each part of UPDRS, the basic prescription for treating mentation, behavior and mood(UPDRS Ⅰ) consists of Paeoniae Radix Alba-Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle, Among which Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle might have unique efficacy. The basic prescriptions for treating UPDRS Ⅱ and UPDRS Ⅲ consisted of Paeoniae Radix Alba-Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, or Chuanxiong Rhizoma-Angelicae Sinensis Radix(two drug combinations). However, in the treatment of UPDRS Ⅳ, the drugs were scattered. But due to the limitations in the quantity and quality of clinical studies, the results obtained still need further research and clinical confirmation of its efficacy.

Observation on therapeutic effect of acupuncture at abdomen acupoints plus tuina for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture at abdomen acupoints plus tuina for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LIDH).Methods:A total of 70 patients with LIDH were randomized into an observation group and a control group,with 35 cases in each group.The observation group was treated with acupuncture at abdomen acupoints plus tuina,while the control group was treated only with tuina treatment.The clinical efficacy was observed after one course of treatment.Results:The cure rate and the total effective rate of the observation group were 83.3％ and 96.7％,respectively.The cure rate and the total effective rate of the control group were 39.4％ and 78.8％,respectively.There were significant differences in the cured rate and the total effective rate between the two groups (both P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score between the two groups before treatment (P＞0.05).After treatment,the JOA scores of both groups increased significantly,and the intra-group differences were statistically significant (both P＜0.05);the JOA score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture at abdomen acupoints plus tuina has a better therapeutic effect than tuina alone in the treatment of LIDH.

Mechanism of Calculus Bovis Sativus in inhibiting hepatocyte lipid deposition based on serum pharmacology / 中国中药杂志

The aim of this paper was to investigate the molecular mechanism of Calculus Bovis Sativus( CBS) in alleviating lipid accumulation in vitro by serum pharmacology. The CBS-containing serum of mice was obtained by serum pharmacology method to evaluate its effect on the proliferation of LO2 hepatocytes. The lipid reducing effects of CBS-containing serum through Nrf2 was evaluated by fructose-induced LO2 hepatocyte steatosis model,nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2( Nrf2) agonist oltipraz combined intervention,cell oil red O staining and intracellular triglyceride( TG) content. The effects of CBS-containing serum on lipid peroxidation and hepatocytes apoptosis were evaluated by reactive oxygen species( ROS) and apoptosis assay,respectively. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction( PCR) was used to detect the relative expression of lipid synthesis-related genes and apoptosis-related genes.RESULTS:: showed that CBS drug-containing serum had no significant effect on LO2 hepatocyte proliferation. As compared with the model group,CBS-containing serum could effectively reduce the formation of lipid droplets in fructose-induced LO2 hepatocytes,significantly reduce intracellular TG and ROS levels,and significantly reduce hepatocyte apoptosis rate( P < 0. 05). As compared with the model group,carbohydrate responsive element binding protein( ChREBP),sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 c( SREBP-1 c),fatty acid synthase( FAS),acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1( ACC1),stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1( SCD1),Bax and caspase-3 mRNA levels were significantly reduced in CBS drug-containing serum treatment group( P<0. 05). All of the above effects could be reversed by oltipraz.In conclusion,CBS-containing serum can significantly inhibit the fructose-induced LO2 liver fat deposition,and the mechanism may be related to reducing intracellular ROS level through the Nrf2 pathway and improving intracellular peroxidation state to reduce apoptosis.

Extraction, isolation, and identification of a new lectin from Tibetan medicine Auricularia auricula / 中草药

Objective To extract and isolate the lectin from Tibetan medicine Auricularia auricula. Methods The lectin from Tibet A. auricula was separated by sephadex column chromatography and ion exchange chromatography, and then its relative molecular weight was determinated by using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (5 800 MALDI-TOF/TOF). N-terminal sequential detection results suggested the amino acid sequences by comparing with the UniProt database. Results A kind of lectin was obtained from the separation of Tibet A. auricula with the molecular weight of of 18 913.22, in which the N- terminal amino acid sequence was detected as ITAPTTTSSAATE by the full automatic protein polypeptide sequencing instrument. The amino acid sequences of four peptide fragments were QIDAERK, TNHSVVTWNDK, RLNFTAGNPFPR, and VRELEQQVDSMTK. Conclusion These sequences are not found in the existing protein database of A. auricula, indicating that the isolated lectin should be a new type protein and it is confirmed as a new kind of lectin.

Application of next generation sequencing in identifying therapeutic new targets for advanced gastric cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective Next generation sequencing (NGS) was used for identifying the potential gene mutations in advanced gastric cancer(AGC) tissue in order to instruct the targeted drug use for AGC patients. Methods A total of 31 AGC patients from the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University between August 10, 2016 and April 23, 2017 were enrolled, and the tissues of gastric cancer were collected. 7 708 exons of 508 tumor related genes and 78 introns of 19 frequently rearranged genes were assessed for base substitutions, indels, copy number alterations, and gene fusions detection. The average median sequencing depth was 470×. Results Somatic mutations were detected in all the patients, of which 9.7 % (3/31) patients could select targeted drugs approved by National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guideline according to the identified genetic alterations (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 gene amplification / mutation). Other targetable genetic alterations were detected in 13 (41.9 %) AGC patients, including mTOR inhibitors, PARP inhibitors, FGFR inhibitors and other targeted drugs of mutations genes. Conclusion The detection of targeted genes based on NGS might help to identify available targeted drugs and to personalize targeted therapy for AGC patients.

Association between red cell distribution width and mortality in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective To investigate the association of red cell distribution width (RDW) with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 207 patients who initiated CAPD for more than 3 months between July 2005 and March 2016 in the First Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University.Baseline data on demographic,clinical and biochemical variables as well as comorbidities were obtained;medications and clinic outcomes were recorded.According to receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis,patients were divided into high RDW (RDW ＞ 15.1％) and low RDW (RDW≤ 15.1％) groups.The data of two groups were compared and Spearman's correlation analysis was used to explore the association of RDW with clinical and biochemical parameters.Survival curves were calculated using Kaplan-Meier method.Cox regression model was employed to analyze risk factors of all-cause and CVD-related mortality.Results In this study,207 CAPD patients were enrolled.The overall median survival time was 80 months.And the median survival time of high RDW group (68 patients) and low RDW group (139 patients) were 59 months and 96 months,respectively.There were statistical differences in diastole pressure,hemoglobin,hematocrit,serum albumin,intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH),eGFR,cholesterol,lipoprotein a,4-hour dialysate-to-plasma ratio for creatinine (4hD/Pcr),total Ccr (P ＜ 0.05,respectively);the two groups also varied in the proportion of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,cardiovascular disease and hyperlipidemia,as well as in the use of iron supplements,angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blockers (ARB),and beta-receptor blockers (P＜0.05,respectively).Cardiovascular event was a leading cause of mortality.Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that the high RDW group had higher all-cause and CVD-related mortality compared with the low RDW group (P ＜ 0.01).The 1-year,3-year,and 5-year patient survivals of the high RDW and low RDW group were 87.97％ vs 97.01％,58.02％ vs 81.53％,and 41.62％ vs 67.96％,respectively,demonstrating significant differences (P=0.001).Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that high RDW was independent risk factor for all-cause mortality (HR=1.212,95％CI:1.007-1.458,P=0.042) and CVD-related mortality (HR=1.697,95％ CI:1.030-2.795,P=0.038).Conclusion RDW is associated with mortality risks in CAPD patients and can be stratified as a valuable indicator for the risk of death.

[Clinical efficacy and mechanism of total glucosides from white paeony for radioactive liver damage].

To discuss the effects of total glucosides from white paeony on preventing and treating radioactive liver damage, and explore its possible mechanisms. Thirty-six patients with primary hepatic carcinoma from 105th Hospital of Chinese PLA were treated with 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and randomly divided into simple irradiation group, total glucosides from white paeony group, and control group. The levels of AST, ALT, HA, LN, PCⅢ, CIV and TGF-ß1 in serum of various groups were determined by using ELISA method. As compared with the simple irradiation group and control group, total glucosides from white paeony could obviously decrease the levels of AST, ALT, HA, LN, PCⅢ, CIV and TGF-ß1(P<0.05, P<0.01). The results showed that the total glucosides from white paeony could effectively prevent and treat radioactive liver damage, and its mechanism might be associated with decreasing the levels of TGF-ß1, and inhibiting the synthesis of collagen synthesis.

Research progress on traditional Chinese medicine against diabetes based on intestinal flora new targets / 药物评价研究

Diabetes has become the third largest killer to human life and health,and its development is closely related to the intestinal flora imbalance caused by series of consequences.So adjusting the structure of intestinal flora becomes a new idea for the treatment of diabetes.Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has good curative effect in prevention and treatment of diabetes,and improvement on the structure of intestinal flora may be one of its important mechanisms.The article reviewed the research progress on prevention and treatment of diabetes by TCM single components (berberine,phloridzin,rheinic acid,etc),TCM single prescription (essential oil from Cinnamomum cassia,flower stalk of Coptis chinensis,total coumarin of Feucedani Radix) and TCM priscriptions (Gegen Qinlian Decoction,Shengjiang Powder,Buzhong Yiqi Decoction,Huanglian Jiedu Decoction,Wenyang Yiqi Huoxue Compound,etc.) based on new targets in intestinal flora,so as to provide reference for the development of TCM for prevention and treatment of diabetes.

Research progress on traditional Chinese medicine against diabetes based on intestinal flora new targets / 药物评价研究

Diabetes has become the third largest killer to human life and health,and its development is closely related to the intestinal flora imbalance caused by series of consequences.So adjusting the structure of intestinal flora becomes a new idea for the treatment of diabetes.Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has good curative effect in prevention and treatment of diabetes,and improvement on the structure of intestinal flora may be one of its important mechanisms.The article reviewed the research progress on prevention and treatment of diabetes by TCM single components (berberine,phloridzin,rheinic acid,etc),TCM single prescription (essential oil from Cinnamomum cassia,flower stalk of Coptis chinensis,total coumarin of Feucedani Radix) and TCM priscriptions (Gegen Qinlian Decoction,Shengjiang Powder,Buzhong Yiqi Decoction,Huanglian Jiedu Decoction,Wenyang Yiqi Huoxue Compound,etc.) based on new targets in intestinal flora,so as to provide reference for the development of TCM for prevention and treatment of diabetes.

Pharmaceutical Care of Parenteral Nutrition Therapy in A Patient with Hyperemesis Gravidarum / 医药导报

Objective To explore the role of clinical pharmacists in nutrition support therapy in the patients with hyperemesis gravidarum. Methods The clinical pharmacist played a positive role in nutrition support care of a patient with hyperemesis gravidarum by analysising disease characteristics and adverse drug reactions, providing suggestion on the selection of fat emulsion and offering an individualized pharmaceutical care. Results The clinical pharmacist recognized the potential risk in nutrition support plan, took modifications timely, and prevented the occurrence of unfavorable clinical outcomes. Conclusion The participation of clinical pharmacists in nutrition support therapy of the patients with hyperemesis gravidarum is beneficial to improve the efficacy and safety of nutrition support and promote the rational use of drugs.

Modern Research of Calculus Bovis ( First):Retrospect and Prospect / 医药导报

Calculus Bovis is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine and has been used for more than two thousand years in clinic with the effects of puring heart, sweeping phlegm, resuscitation, extinguishing wind and detoxification. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, modern methods have been utilized by traditional Chinese medicine researchers in the resource identification, chemical components, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, pharmacy, clinical application, etc. It is their continually exploration that makes significant achievements for the modern research of Calculus Bovis. This article statistically analysed the literatures from 1949 to December 2015 in Pubmed, CNKI, Wanfang, Vip database etc. to review Calculus Bovis and its compound formulas, as well as its substitutes, quality control, formulation study, compound prescription, pharmacological mechanism and clinical research. The aim of this article is to provide a valuable reference for future developments and studies of Calculus Bovis.

Therapeutic Observation of Warm Needling at Yintang (GV 29) plus Ginger-partitioned Moxibustion for Allergic Rhinitis / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of warm needling at Yintang (GV 29) plus ginger-partitioned moxibustion in treating allergic rhinitis.Method Seventy patients with allergic rhinitis were randomized into a treatment group and a control group,35 cases each.The treatment group was intervened by warm needling at Yintang (GV 29) plus ginger-partitioned moxibustion;the control group was treated with conventional medication.After 4-week treatment,the clinical efficacies of the two groups were compared.Result The markedly effective rate and total effective rate were respectively 83.9％ and 96.8％ in the treatment group,versus 56.3％ and 75.0％ in the control group,and the between-group differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion Warm needling at Yintang (GV 29) plus ginger-partitioned moxibustion is an effective approach in treating allergic rhinitis.