Bibliometric analysis of traditional Chinese medicine research on heart failure in the 21st century based on the WOS database.

Introduction: Heart Failure (HF) is a key area of research in human medicine, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an important branch of this field. This study aimed to use bibliometric methods to sort out the trajectory of TCM research on HF in this century (2000-2022) from a high dimension and to analyze its characteristics, hotspots and frontiers. Methods: In this study, the search formula "TS=(("traditional Chinese medicine") OR ("Chinese medicine")) AND TS=("heart failure")" was used to find relevant studies included in the Web of Science Core Collection from 2000 to 2022. Targeted literature records were analyzed and mapped using CiteSpace and VOSviewer. Results: The authors and collaborators of this study were still in the formation process, but several well-known scholars were included: YONG WANG, WEI WANG, etc. The main research institutions in this research area were Beijing Univ Chinese Med, China Acad Chinese Med Sc, etc. The main country of study was China. Current research hotspots and frontiers were Qili Qiangxin capsules, extracts (Tanshinone ⅡA, Panax ginseng, etc.), cardiac hypertrophy, ventricular remodeling, oxidative stress, signaling pathways, network pharmacology, etc. Influential journals that publish papers in this field were the Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Scientific Reports, Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, etc. The top 3 co-cited journals were Circulation, J ethnopharmacol, and J am coll cardiol. Conclusions: We analyzed valuable details in TCM research on HF in the 21st century, which may help researchers identify potential collaborators and partner institutions, hotspots, and frontiers in the field.

Effects of mitochondria-associated Ca2+ transporters suppression on oocyte activation.

Oocyte activation deficiency leads to female infertility. [Ca2+ ]i oscillations are required for mitochondrial energy supplement transition from the resting to the excited state, but the underlying mechanisms are still very little known. Three mitochondrial Ca2+ channels, Mitochondria Calcium Uniporter (MCU), Na+ /Ca2+ Exchanger (NCLX) and Voltage-dependent Ca2+ Channel (VDAC), were deactivated by inhibitors RU360, CGP37157 and Erastin, respectively. Both Erastin and CGP37157 inhibited mitochondrial activity significantly while attenuating [Ca2+ ]i and [Ca2+ ]m oscillations, which caused developmental block of pronuclear formation. Thus, NCLX and VDAC are two mitochondria-associated Ca2+ transporter proteins regulating oocyte activation, which may be used as potential targets to treat female infertility. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: NCLX and VDAC are two mitochondria-associated Ca2+ transporter proteins regulating oocyte activation.

N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) delays post-ovulatory oocyte aging in mouse.

The quality of post-ovulatory oocytes decreases with aging. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a broadly used antioxidant, on oocyte quality in mouse post-ovulatory oocyte aging in vitro. NAC at 0.6mM concentration was added to culture medium (M2), and the quality of oocytes was analyzed at 6h, 12h, 18h and 24h of culture. We found that the frequency of spindle defects decreased in NAC-treated oocytes compared to those without NAC treatment. NAC treatment significantly decreased abnormal distribution of cortical granules (CGs) in oocytes during aging for 18h and 24h. Decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was also observed. Increased intracellular ATP levels and decreased abnormal distribution of mitochondria could be observed with NAC supplementation during post-ovulatory oocyte aging in vitro. These results indicate that NAC will maintain the quality of oocytes, and delay post-ovulatory oocyte aging as studied in the mouse.

[Resources and application of She's nationality wild medicinal plants].

To make a thorough investigation of the common She's nationality wild medicinal plants resources in our country, including the species, the distribution, the folk application and the endemic medicinal plant species, Field surveyed was conducted with 25 She people mainly lived area (county, district or city) throughout the country, the folk prescription and treatment cases provided by She's medical personnel, the drug usage and dosage, the commonly used traditional She's medicine and drug samples were collected. And the distribution, growing environment of these plants were investigated, their characteristics, photographs, GPS data and track were record , and the fresh wax leaf or plants specimens were collected. In total 1 600 varieties of folk medicine of She's nationality, 450 disease names and 1 016 prescriptions were collected. 520 kinds of these medicinal plants were commonly used, growing mainly distributed in the southeastern China, about 200 meters above sea level to 1 500 meters. There are 5 First-Grade State protection wild plants (medicinal), 15 second-Grade State protection wild plants (medicinal), and 11 She characteristic medicinal plants in our study, they belong to 144 families, 312 genera 494 species, 2 subspecies, 17 varieties, 3 forms and 1 cultivated varieties of She's nationality. Folk medicine usage is different from the traditional Chinese medicine and ethnic medicine. This survey finds out the common She's nationality wild medicinal plants resources in China, including the species, the distribution, the folk application and commonly used drugs, and found the rare and endangered medicinal plants and the She's nationality endemic medicinal plants, which provides a basis for further development and use the traditional She's medicine resources.

[Comparisons among three frequency-specific auditory evoked potentials in normal hearing adults].

OBJECTIVE: To provide supports for the application of auditory evoked potential (AEP) in the evaluation of behavioral threshold, by studying the difference and relevance between the pure tone audiometry (PTA) and three frequency-specific auditory evoked potentials, including 40 Hz auditory event related potentials (40 Hz AERP), tone burst auditory brainstem response (Tb-ABR) and auditory steady-state response (ASSR). METHODS: Three frequency-specific AEP and PTA thresholds were recorded at speech frequency (0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz) from thirty-four adults with normal hearing (68 ears). Then, the relationship between the AEP thresholds and PTA thresholds were analyzed respectively. RESULTS: There were good correlations between three frequency-specific AEP thresholds and PTA thresholds at speech frequency. However, the difference of thresholds between each frequency-specific AEP and PTA was not same. The difference of thresholds were the smallest and the relevance were the best between 40 Hz AERP and PTA at 0.5 kHz, and between ASSR and PTA at 2, 4 kHz. At 1 kHz, there were not statistical difference between ASSR, 40 Hz AERP and PTA, while the relevance of 40 Hz AERP was better than ASSR. CONCLUSION: Different methods should be chosen to assess the objective behavioral thresholds at different frequency.

[Forensic medical identification of 355 cases with hearing impairment].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the difference of subjective hearing threshold and objective hearing threshold, and to discuss the importance of standard for hearing evaluation in forensic medicine. METHODS: Three hundred and fifty-five cases (387 ears) of forensic medical identification with hearing impairment were retrospectively analyzed including the items entrusted and hearing test results. All cases were collected from 2004 to 2012 in the forensic science center. RESULTS: In the 387 ears, 218 ears (56.3%) were evaluated the degree of disability and 106 ears (27.4%) were identified the degree of damage. In the disability degree evaluation, the subjective hearing threshold and the objective hearing threshold were significant different in 120 ears (55.0%), while in damage degree evaluation, the subjective hearing threshold and the objective hearing threshold were significant different in 69 ears (65.1%). CONCLUSION: Because of camouflaging or exaggerating the hearing impairment by the wounded, the subjective hearing threshold can't accurately assess the existence and the degree of hearing impairment. In the forensic identification, auditory brainstem response, 40 Hz auditory event related potential and auditory steady-state response should be combined in the application to evaluate the hearing impairment for the wounded in order to ensure the reliability of the evaluation of hearing impairment.

[Application of slow vertex response in auditory threshold prediction for subjects with hearing loss].

OBJECTIVE: To study the value of slow vertex response (SVR) in the evaluation of hearing loss by comparing the hearing thresholds acquired with SVR and pure tone audiometry (PTA). METHODS: Twenty-five subjects (40 ears) with sensorineural hearing loss were tested by PTA and SVR. According to the thresholds of PTA, these ears were subdivided into mild, moderate and severe hearing loss groups, and rank sum test was performed on the thresholds of SVR and PTA for all the hearing loss groups. Then, the correlation between PTA thresholds and SVR thresholds was analyzed and the mathematical models were established for predicting behavioral thresholds by the thresholds of SVR. RESULTS: At four test frequencies (0.5, 1, 2 and 4kHz), the thresholds of SVR had high correlations with thresholds of PTA. Four liner regression equations were established, and the correlation coefficient(r) were 0.971, 0.976, 0.957 and 0.928, respectively (P < 0.05). Back substitution test showed that the liner regression equations would be an easy method for estimating the behavior thresholds. CONCLUSION: The behavioral threshold can be well judged and evaluated by the liner regression equations established with SVR thresholds.

[The progress in the study on auditory evoked potentials].

Auditory evoked potential (AEP) is the electric activities originating from auditory systems evoked by sound stimulus. AEP include cortical electric response audiometry (CERA), auditory brainstem evoked response (ABR), 40 Hz auditory event related potentials (40 Hz AERP), auditory steady-state response (ASSR), etc. For the subjects who cannot provide reliable or accurate behavioral hearing threshold, those techniques have been explored to evaluate the behavioral hearing threshold objectively. These techniques are reviewed in this article and are found that they could reflect the behavioral hearing threshold very well. CERA is difficult to operate because it is affected by the subject's wakefulness. ABR is the most widely used method currently and is not affected by the subject's consciousness, but it only reflects high frequencies. 40 Hz AERP has good sensitivity, while its results highly depend on the subject's consciousness. ASSR can be operated by using multiple frequency stimuli simultaneously to both ears and the test time is short. It is still a very difficult task to combine different techniques according to their characteristics in forensic audiology.

[The progress in the study on slow vertex response].

Slow vertex response (SVR) is one of long latency auditory evoked potentials. It is a biological and electric response originating from brain cortical neuron evoked by sound stimulus with the latency from 50 to 500 milliseconds. Of all the neuroelectric physiological audiometries, it is the earliest method applied in assessing the function of the auditory neural conduction pathway. The concept, neural generators of SVR have been introduced in this article. Influencing factors on SVR were discussed such as stimulus parameters, consciousness state, age, maturation of the subject. Applications of SVR in clinical and forensic medicine identification were also discussed.

[Comparison of thresholds acquired with SVR and PTA in normal hearing subjects].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of slow vertex response (SVR) for forensic appraisement of hearing dysfunction by comparing the thresholds acquired with SVR and pure tone audiometry (PTA). METHODS: Forty-six subjects with normal hearing were tested with PTA (0.125-8 kHz) and SVR (0.5-4 kHz). Paired t-test analysis was performed on the thresholds of SVR and PTA at each frequency (0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz), and analysis of variance was performed on the difference between the pure tone audiometry threshold and the evoked potential threshold among different frequency. RESULTS: At each frequency(0.5, 1, 2 kHz and 4 kHz), difference between the thresholds acquired with SVR and PTA was statistically significant(P < 0.05). The mean difference of the two thresholds were (5.98 +/- 6.72) dB HL at 0.5 kHz, (3.86 +/- 6.12) dB HL at 1 kHz, (7.12 +/- 6.56) dB HL at 2 kHz, (8.53 +/- 7.90) dB HL at 4kHz, and the mean difference at 1 kHz was the smallest. This variation between frequencies was also statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The thresholds acquired with SVR were higher than those acquired with PTA. The adjusted thresholds should be established at each frequency, when the SVR thresholds are used to evaluate the behavioural hearing thresholds.

[The correlativity between the threshold acquired with ASSR and PTA].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlativity between the thresholds acquired with auditory steady-state responses (ASSR) and pure tone audiometry (PTA). METHODS: Eighty-six subjects with normal and abnormal hearing (172 ears) were tested with ASSR and PTA at 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz to get the thresholds of ASSR (single frequency) and PTA. Correlation analysis were done between the thresholds acquired with ASSR and PTA at different frequency (500, 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz) for each different hearing loss degree (< or = 20, 21-39, 40-59, 60-79, > or = 80 dB). RESULTS: At each frequency, there was a close correlativity between the thresholds acquired with ASSR and PTA. The rectified threshold of ASSR and PTA at different frequency and hearing loss degree had been obtained. CONCLUSION: The rectified ASSR threshold could be applied as an objective method for evaluating hearing loss to distinguish malingering deafness in the practice of forensic medicine.

[Comparison of thresholds acquired with ASSR and PTA in normal-hearing subjects].

OBJECTIVE: To provide new objective technology in evaluating hearing loss for forensic expert by comparing the thresholds acquired with auditory steady-state responses (ASSR) and pure tone audiometry (PTA) in our laboratory. METHODS: Twenty-seven subjects with normal hearing (54 ears, 18-28 years) were tested with PTA and ASSR at 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz. Paired t-test analysis was performed on threshold of ASSR and PTA at difference frequency (500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz). RESULTS: At each frequency (500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz), the thresholds acquired with ASSR were higher than those acquired with PTA (P<0.05). The mean difference of each frequency were (22.04+/-5.79) dB (500 Hz), (11.02+/-5.44) dB (1000 Hz), (12.59+/-5.89) dB (2000 Hz) and (17.78+/-7.25) dB (4000 Hz). The mean difference between the system automatically adjusted threshold of ASSR and PTA were (-3.96+/-5.79) dB at 500 Hz, (0.02+/-5.44) dB at 1000 Hz, (-0.41+/-5.89) dB at 2000 Hz, and(-1.25+/-7.25) dB at 4000 Hz. CONCLUSION: At each frequency (500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz), the thresholds acquired with ASSR were higher than those acquired with PTA. The mean difference is 16.9 dB. As an objective and mature method, ASSR could be used in evaluation of hearing-loss degree for forensic expert. But adjusted threshold value should be established when ASSR is used to estimate hearing threshold in each laboratory.

Resveratrol/phloroglucinol glycosides from the roots of Lysidice rhodostegia.

Two new phloroglucinol glycosides, lysidisides C (1) and D (2), together with two new resveratrol glycosides, lysidisides E (3) and F (4), were isolated from the n-BuOH extract of the roots of Lysidice rhodostegia. The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence. The antioxidant activity of the isolates was also investigated

Iridoid glycosides and grayanane diterpenoids from the roots of Craibiodendron henryi.

Four new iridoid glycosides, 10-O-trans-p-coumaroylscandoside (1), 10-O-cis-p-coumaroylscandoside (2), 10-O-trans-p-coumaroyldesacetyl asperulosidic acid (3), and 10-O-cis-p-coumaroyldesacetyl asperulosidic acid (4), and two new grayanane diterpenoids, 14beta-O-(2S,3S-nilyl)-2alpha,3beta,5beta,6beta,16alpha-pentahydroxygrayanane (5) and 14beta-O-(2S,3S-nilyl)-2alpha,3beta,5beta,6beta,16alpha-pentahydroxygrayan-10(20)-ene (6), have been isolated from Craibiodendron henryi. The structures of these compounds were determined by chemical and spectroscopic methods including 1H-1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY experiments. Antioxidant activities and vasodilator effects of these compounds were assessed.