ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate safety, efficacy, and feasibility of apixaban for postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis following open gynecologic cancer surgery at a comprehensive cancer center. METHODS: This retrospective, cohort study included patients with gynecologic cancer who underwent open surgery between 3/2021 and 3/2023 and received 28-day postoperative VTE prophylaxis. Patients on therapeutic anticoagulation preoperatively were excluded. Predictors of 90- and 30-day VTE and 30-day bleeding events were determined using multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for known confounders. RESULTS: 452 patients were included in the cohort: 348 received apixaban and 104 received enoxaparin. Those who received enoxaparin were more likely to be American Society of Anesthesiologists class III/IV (compared to I/II) (p = 0.033), current or former smokers (p = 0.012) and have a higher BMI (p < 0.001), Charlson Comorbidity Index (p = 0.005), and age (p = 0.046). 30-day VTE rate was significantly lower in the apixaban group (0.6%) compared to the enoxaparin group (6.2%) (adjusted OR 0.13, 95% CI 0.03-0.56; p = 0.006). 90-day VTE rate was 2.7% and 6.2% in the apixaban and enoxaparin groups, respectively (adjusted OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.38-1.92; p = 0.704). Major bleeding complications (2.4% vs. 2.0%) and minor bleeding complications (0.9% vs. 3.0%) were similar in the apixaban and enoxaparin groups, respectively, on multivariate analyses. The median patient out of pocket cost was $10 (IQR 0.0-40.0) for apixaban and $20 (IQR 3.7-67.7) for enoxaparin (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings along with previously published data suggest that apixaban should be considered the standard of care for VTE prophylaxis in patients undergoing open surgery for gynecologic malignancies.
Subject(s)
Enoxaparin , Feasibility Studies , Genital Neoplasms, Female , Postoperative Complications , Pyrazoles , Pyridones , Venous Thromboembolism , Humans , Female , Pyridones/administration & dosage , Pyridones/adverse effects , Pyridones/therapeutic use , Venous Thromboembolism/prevention & control , Venous Thromboembolism/etiology , Pyrazoles/adverse effects , Pyrazoles/administration & dosage , Pyrazoles/therapeutic use , Genital Neoplasms, Female/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Enoxaparin/administration & dosage , Enoxaparin/adverse effects , Enoxaparin/therapeutic use , Aged , Gynecologic Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Gynecologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Factor Xa Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Factor Xa Inhibitors/adverse effects , Factor Xa Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Cohort Studies , Adult , Anticoagulants/administration & dosage , Anticoagulants/adverse effects , Anticoagulants/therapeutic useABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of bevacizumab in a cohort of women with recurrent low-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary or peritoneum. METHODS: This single-institution retrospective study assessed all patients at MD Anderson Cancer Center with recurrent low-grade serous ovarian or peritoneal cancer who received bevacizumab from 2007 to 2016. Study endpoints included best response, median progression-free survival, median overall survival, and toxicity. RESULTS: Forty patients received 45 separate "patient-regimens." Most received bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy. Complete response (CR) was seen in 7.5%, while 40% had partial responses (PR) and 30% achieved stable disease (SD). Disease progression occurred in nine patients (22.5%). Overall response rate (CR+PR) to bevacizumab-containing regimens was 47.5%. Clinical benefit (CR+PR+SD) was seen in 77.5% of patients. Median progression free survival was 10.2months (95% CI 7.9, 12.4). Median overall survival was 34.6months (95% CI 29.5, 39.7). Fifteen patients discontinued bevacizumab related to toxicity. CONCLUSIONS: Bevacizumab, most often in combination with chemotherapy, has activity in recurrent low-grade ovarian cancer and should be considered a treatment option for these patients. Further investigation into the most effective chemotherapeutic agent in combination with bevacizumab is warranted.