Use of Silybum marianum fruit extract in broiler chicken nutrition: influence on performance and meat quality.

The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of different doses of silymarin in diet on broiler performances and meat quality. For the trial, 180 male chicks (ROSS 508), were allocated in to three groups (S0, S40 and S80) of 60 animals each receiving a basal diet supplemented with 0 ppm, 40 ppm and 80 ppm of a sylimarin (provided by a dry extract of Silybum marianum fruits) respectively. During the trial feed consumption and live body weight were taken every 20 days. At the age of 40 and 60 days blood samples were taken in order to evaluate protein, aspartate aminotransferase, cholesterol, tryglicerides and uric acid. At the age of 60 days animals were slaughtered, dressing percentages were evaluated and samples of breast and meat were taken to evaluate chemical composition and susceptibility of lipid peroxidation by means of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Silymarin at the tested doses did not affect growth performances but slightly affected slaughtering yields negatively, no specific hepatoprotective effect was found. Treatments reduced lipid content of both breast and thigh and increased muscles resistance to oxidative stress.

[Suppression of the opiate withdrawal syndrome with GABA analogs, low-dose psychotropic drugs and acupuncture]. / Soppressione della sindrome da astinenza da oppiacei con farmaci GABAergici, psicofarmaci a basso dosaggio e agopuntura.

15 male heroin addicts, 19-26 yr, were given 20 hospital treatments for detoxifying. Therapeutic program was based on GABAergic drugs (1-glutamine, sodium valproate, pyridoxine), low doses psychodrugs and acupuncture, added from the 3rd day. A full avoidance of the withdrawal syndrome was reached in 15 out of 18 Ss so treated with 8-10 hours following the last heroin injection, while the remaining 3 Ss experienced only a slight form of syndrome, which completely disappeared within the 24th hour. The 2 Ss manifesting evident symptoms of withdrawal and starting the therapeutic program respectively at the 20th and 32nd hour had their syndrome stopped and suppressed respectively within the 24th and 48th hour. Acupuncture accelerated the somatopsychic recovery leading to a lowering of the daily doses of the drugs used.

[Acupuncture as a part of a program of detoxification and weaning from opiates: 25 cases]. / Agopuntura come parte di un programma di disintossicazione e disassuefazione da oppiacei: 25 cases.

Presents results of a detoxification and habit loosing program carried out in 25 morphine-like substances addicts (mainly heroine) aged 19-26. The therapeutic treatment based on gabaergic drugs (l-glutamine, sodium valproate and piridoxine), low doses psychodrugs (tricyclics and benzodiacepines) and acupuncture, began in 13 subjects at the hospital and continued at the outpatients' service, while 12 subjects were treated only at the outpatients' service. Follow up: 6 subjects of the hospitalized group free from the addiction (5 subjects from more than 1 year after their discharge); 3 subjects of the outpatients' group abstinent from no more than 4 months after discharge. Biochemical mechanisms involved in this therapeutic program are extensively discussed.

[Experience with detoxification and weaning of heroin addicts by means of acupuncture, gabergic drugs and psychopharmacologic agents in low doses]. / Esperienze di disintossicazione e disassuefazione in eroinomani attuate tramite agopuntura, farmaci gabergici e psicofarmaci a basso dosaggio.

UNLABELLED: Presents extensive reports of detoxification and habit loosing trials in 9 male heroine addicts, 19-26 yr. The therapeutic programs were centered on gabergic drugs, low doses tricyclic antidepressants and benzodiazepines, and acupuncture (main points: 8 GB; nasal GB; 1 GB; 3 L; 4 LI; 36 S; 7 H; auricular Shen men) and were continued weekly at the Mental Health Outpatients Service, after discharge from the hospital. RESULTS: 2 Ss, personally checked, abstinent 6 months after their discharge; 4 Ss heard as abstinent and 3 Ss relapsed. Technique, course and times of the therapeutic program seem to be one of the key factors for success.

[Acupuncture, "vital" drugs and psychotropic agents in psychiatric patients. 50 cases]. / Acupuncture, medicaments "vitaux" et psychotropes chez des patients psychiatriques. 50 cas.

A therapeutical trial by means of acupuncture and "vital" drugs (1-glutamine and N-dipropylacetic acid) in 23 out of 50 psychiatric chronic patients basically depressive, and by means of acupuncture, vital drugs and psychodrugs in the remaining 27 similar patients, is carefully reported. 49 of this patients got improvement, 41 of them in a middle degree. The different neurochemical curcuits (GABA-ergic, glutamergic, adrenergic, noradrenergic, serotoninergic and dopaminergic) put in balance by such therapeutical association have been discussed.

[Acupunctura, "vital" drugs and psychopharmacological agents in the treatment of psychiatric patients with deep depressive disorders, with considerations on the probable neurophysiological mechanisms of the synergism of action]. / Agopuntura, farmaci "vitali" e psicofarmaci nel trattamento di pazienti psichiatrici a struttura depressiva di fodo, con alcune considerazioni sui probabili meccanismi neurofisiologici della sinergia di azione.

Personal clinical experience in 36 psychiatric patients with true or masqued depression, receiving a combined treatment of acupuncture (in traditional and auricolar suprarenalic points), "vital" drugs (DPA 300-900 mg/die; l-glutamine 250-500 mg/die) and psycho-drugs (amitryptiline 50 mg/die; clomipramine 10-30 mg/die; diazepam 2-20 mg/die; haloperidol 2 mg/die) is described. 35 out of 36 cases improved by such therapy. Possible synergic mechanisms leading to a considerable reduction of usual phychodrugs, and attenuating or eliminating various side effects are finally discussed.

[Acupuncture and psychiatry. Preliminary note]. / Agopuntura e psichiatria. Nota preliminare

Personal experience with acupuncture as a therapeutic technique in psychiatry is presented. Its effects on the patient and the taking of drugs are discussed. The results, like those reported by Chinese and other Italian workers, were encouraging and indicate that the technique may be more widely adopted in this field.