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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Buzhong Yiqi decoction (, BZYQ) in the treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) with multi-drug-resistant bacteria (MDRB). METHODS: This 28-day study was conducted at 5 clinical centers in Shanghai. The eligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1) into the intervention group (BZYQ plus conventional Western Medicine therapy) and control group (conventional Western Medicine therapy). The primary outcomes were the clinical response, clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS), and microbiologic response. The secondary outcomes were the 28-day all-cause mortality (ACM), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation â ¡ (APACHE â ¡) score, ventilator weaning rate, length of mechanical ventilation (MV), length of hospital stay, and changes of infection indicators. RESULTS: Altogether 83 subjects in the intervention group and 85 subjects in the control group were analyzed. The clinical success rate (48.2%) and the pathogen eradication rate (59.0%) of the intervention group were all better than those of the control group (32.9% and 38.9%, respectively) with statistically significant differences (<0.05). The CPIS score of the intervention group (8.9 ± 1.7) was lower than that of the control group (9.6 ± 2.5) (<0.05). The length of MV in the intervention group [(13.7 ± 6.4) d] was significantly shorter than that of the control group [ (17.2 ± 7.2) d] (<0.05). The 28-day ACM of the intervention group (13.33%) was lower than that of the control group (21.2%) with no statistically significant difference (>0.05). The differences between two groups in ventilator weaning rate, length of hospital stay, and APACHE â ¡ score were not statistically significant (> 0.05). The intervention group displayed decreases in white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, neutrophil percentage, and procalcitonin at day 28 compared with baseline (<0.05). No serious adverse events occurred in either group during the 28-day follow-up. CONCLUSION: BZYQ may be an effective therapeutic option for the management of HAP with MDRB.
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Bacteria , Hospitals , Humans , Prospective Studies , China , Treatment Outcome , Bacteria/geneticsABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Shouwuwan on the synaptic plasticity of hippocampal neurons in the rat model of D-galactose-induced aging via the mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR） signaling pathway. MethodA total of 50 male SPF-grade SD rats were randomized into normal group， model group， vitamin E （0.018 g·kg-1） group， and low- and high-dose （1.08，2.16 g·kg-1， respectively） Shouwuwan groups. Except the normal group， the other four groups were treated with D-galactose （120 mg·kg-1） for the modeling of aging. The rats were simultaneously administrated with corresponding agents by gavage. After six weeks of modeling， Morris water maze test was carried out to examine the behavioral changes. The whole brain and hippocampus samples were collected. The expression of postsynaptic density protein-95 （PSD-95） and synaptophysin （SYN） in the hippocampus was detected by immunohistochemistry. Golgi staining was employed to observe the changes in the morphology and function of neurons. Western blot and Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） were respectively employed to determine the mRNA and protein levels of mTOR， phosphorylated （p）-mTOR， p70 ribosome protein S6 kinase （p70S6K）， phosphorylated （p）-p70S6K， eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 2 （4EBP2）， and phosphorylated （p）-4EBP2 in the hippocampus. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group showed slow swimming （P<0.01）， extended total swimming distance （P<0.05）， prolonged latency （P<0.01）， and decreased crossing number （P<0.01）. The modeling inhibited the expression of PSD-95 and SYN in the CA1 region of the hippocampus （P<0.01）， with the weakest staining effect and the smallest region， decreased the intersections of hippocampal neuron dendrites with concentric circles at the concentric distance of 100， 140， 180， and 200 μm from the cell body （P<0.01）， and reduced the length and density of dendritic spine （P<0.01）. In addition， the modeling up-regulated the mRNA levels of mTOR and p70S6K and the protein levels of p-mTOR and p-p70S6K （P<0.01） and down-regulated the mRNA level of 4EBP2 and the protein levels of 4EBP2 and p-4EBP2 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， low- and high-dose Shouwuwan increased the average swimming speed （P<0.01）， shortened the latency （P<0.01）， increased the crossing number （P<0.01）， promoted the expression of PSD-95 and SYN in the hippocampal CA1 region （P<0.01）， increased the intersections between hippocampal neuronal dendrites and concentric circles at the concentric distance of 100， 140， 180，200 μm from the cell body （P<0.01）， and increased the number， length， and density of dendritic spine （P<0.01）. Furthermore， Shouwuwan down-regulated the protein levels of p-mTOR and p-p70S6K （P<0.01）， up-regulated the protein levels of 4EBP2 and p-4EBP2 （P<0.05，P<0.01）， down-regulated the mRNA levels of mTOR and p70S6K （P<0.01）， and up-regulated the mRNA level of 4EBP2 （P<0.01）. ConclusionShouwuwan can improve the learning and memory ability of rats exposed to D-galactose， promote the expression of proteins associated with synaptic plasticity， improve the morphology of neurons， repair neural function， reduce neuronal apoptosis， and inhibit mTOR signaling pathway to delay brain aging.
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BACKGROUND: So far, the diagnosis of acute artery of percheron (AOP) infarction is uncommon. In this study, patients with acute AOP infarction were studied to explore the relationship of imaging findings, clinical manifestations and prognosis of acute AOP infarction. MATERIALS: A total of 23 patients with acute AOP infarction in our institution from 2014 to 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. All cases were evaluated by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The modified Rankin scale (MRS), blood examination, electrocardiogram and transthoracic echocardiography were used for detailed clinical and prognostic evaluation. All standard risk factors for these patients were recorded. The MRS scores were performed 90 days after discharge. RESULTS: Four different types of acute AOP infarction were identified: (a) bilateral paramedian thalamic infarction (BPTI, 52%); (b) bilateral paramedian thalamic with rostral midbrain infarction (BPTRMI, 30%), (c) bilateral paramedian and anterior thalamic infarction (BPATI, 13%), and (d) bilateral paramedian thalamic with red nuclei infarction (BPTRNI, 4%). These patients had consciousness disorder, memory dysfunctions, vertical gaze paresis and mesencephalothalamic syndrome. The 65% of patients with BPTI and BPATI experienced relatively good functional recovery and could carry out daily life activities (MRS score ≤ 2). However, patients with BPTRMI may have an unfavorable outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Although the clinical features are variable, DWI or ADC map can improve the diagnosis of acute AOP infarction patterns. Acute AOP occlusion requires immediate diagnosis and treatment to obtain more favorable outcome and avoid additional unnecessary procedures.
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Cerebral Infarction , Thalamus , Cerebral Infarction/complications , Cerebral Infarction/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Retrospective Studies , Thalamus/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
The application of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) has a history of more than 2000 years, which have the characteristics of multi-component, multi-target, and high safety. Post-infectious cough (PIC) is a respiratory disease with high incidence. It belongs to subacute cough and accounts for as much as 40%–50%. Cough is the main clinical manifestation of PIC. PIC seriously affects people's life quality because of complex etiology, long-term course of disease, treatment difficulties and other characteristics. Western medicines are based on the principle of symptomatic treatment, so they are often difficult to control PIC fundamentally. These factors could due to that PIC is prolonged and unable to heal repeatedly. TCMs have obvious advantages in treating PIC, with accurate curative effects, less side effects and adverse reactions and are effective in improving PIC-related symptoms and indicators, enhancing patients' life quality and reducing pain. TCMs, guided by holistic concept and syndrome differentiation, advocate determine treatment on the basis of pattern types, and have remarkable clinical treatment effects. As for TCMs etiology, pathogenesis and syndrome types of PIC, TCM scholars have not yet reached a unified standard. However, most of them think that wind pathogen can cause PIC alone, or it can be combined with other evils, which might be the main mechanism of PIC. This paper discusses the advantages and limitations of TCMs in PIC treatment from etiology, pathogenesis, distribution of syndrome types and treatment of TCMs. This article focuses on the treatment methods and pharmacodynamic material basis of wind pathogen, providing ideas in treating PIC of TCMs clinically and innovative drug development.
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The plants of Orchidaceae are widely distributed in the world, 47 species of which have been used as folk medicines with a long history. The tubers and stems of them exhibit diverse efficacy, including clearing heat and resolving toxin, moistening lung and relieving cough and promoting blood circulation. Since dihydrophenanthrenes were responsible for the medical purposes, the characteristic skeletons, pharmacological effects and clinical applications of dihydrophenanthrenes were summarized in this review, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive study, development and application of DPs from medicinal plants of Orchidaceae.
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Objective To explore the formulation and adjustment of nutritional therapy by nutrition support pharmacists in patient with acute prerenal failure complicated with urinary tract infection, and to provide a reference for nutritional therapy in such patient. Methods With nutrition support pharmacists participated in nutrition treatment management and case analysis of a patient with acute prerenal failure complicated with urinary tract infection, we explored the nutritional support treatment plan for this type of patient. Results Nutrition support pharmacists provided pharmaceutical care throughout the course for patient with acute prerenal failure and designed an individualized low-calorie and high-protein nutritional support treatment according to the change of patient's condition, to increase the patient's serum albumin level and maintain at 35 g/L, at the same time the infection was effectively controlled and the creatinine value decreased to normal. Conclusion Small-volume, low-calorie, high-protein nutritional support solution ≤1 000 ml, calorie intake is about 1, 000 kcal, and protein is maintained at 1.2 g/(kg·d) throughout the course of acute prerenal renal failure with urinary tract infected patients can obtain better clinical outcomes and prognosis, and can better maintain clinical operability, and fully improve the safety, effectiveness and economics of nutritional support treatment.
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At present, there is no specific antidote for colchicine intoxication, and 0.8 mg/kg is its lethal dose.The prognosis of colchicine intoxication patients is closely related to the dosage, but the individual difference is very great. A 38-year-old man with colchicine poisoning was admitted to the Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, who had ingested 80 mg colchicine tablets (1.19 mg/kg) orally for 4 hours. He was immediately put on gastric lavage, enema, and catharsis. Continuous blood purification was performed for 34 hours and 22 minutes, with a combination of hemoperfusion (HP) and continuous veno-venous hemofiltration dialysis (CVVHDF). He also received a large dose of the glucocorticoid with 80 mg of methylprednisolone injected intravenously every 8 hours and organ function support. The patient was hospitalized for 2 weeks and discharged with improvement. The successful treatment of this case was reported for reference.
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A 43-year-old male presented with elevated serum creatinine for 4 years and developed abdominal pain for 3 days. He started peritoneal dialysis 2 months ago. Dialysis-related peritonitis was ruled out and acute gastroenteritis was diagnosed. The patient was administrated with ertapenem 500 mg/d. An acute mental abnormality developed 3 days later. After excluded organic encephalopathy, ertapenem was discontinued for the suspicion of antibiotic-related encephalopathy. The frequency of peritoneal dialysis was increased to accelerate the clearance of antibiotics. However, the metal abnormality became even more severe. Then a diagnosis of Wernick-Korsakoff syndrome was considered. After the administration of high dose vitamin B 1, the mental disorder dramatically relieved. Vitamin B 1 30 mg/d is maintained during peritoneal dialysis and the mental disorder does not relapse.
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Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Duhuo Jishengtang combined with minimally invasive decompression of lumber spine in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis with kidney deficiency syndrome for more than 3 years. Method:Through a single-center parallel randomized controlled clinical trial， 63 patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis who were hospitalized in Jiangsu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2015 to April 2017 were observed for more than three years. Among them， there were 31 cases in the operation combined with traditional Chinese medicine group （observation group） and 32 cases in the operation combined with Celebrex and Mecobalamin group （control group）. Both groups were given routine treatment. The observation group was treated with Duhuo Jishengtang for 3 weeks， while the control group was treated with Celebrex and Mecobalamin for 3 weeks. Result:In the aspect of pain improvement， only 3 months after operation， the observation group was superior to the control group （P<0.05）， with no significant advantage at other time nodes during follow-up. During the 3-month follow-up and a longer period， it was confirmed that observation group had a significant advantage in improving lumbar function （P<0.01）. At the last follow-up， the good efficacy rate of observation group was 83.87% （26/31）， while the good efficacy rate of the control group was 62.5% （20/32）. There was no unstable performance in the last follow-up of the two groups. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups. Conclusion:The middle and long-term follow-up for minimally invasive decompression of lumber spine showed a satisfactory efficacy in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis， with no impact on the stability of the operative segments. For patients of lumbar spinal stenosis with kidney deficiency syndrome， Duhuo Jishengtang can promote the recovery of postoperative neurological function， and improve the good efficacy rate of clinical treatment， but with no obvious advantage in pain relieve after operation.
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Objective:This paper analyzed the prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） for all patients diagnosed with novel coronavirus pneumonia（corona virus disease-2019，COVID-19）in Wuhan third hospital，analyzed the medication rules of the prescription，summarized the characteristics and thoughts of medication，and discussed the contents of TCM pharmaceutical care. Method:Use the data analysis software Excel 2007 and SQL server 2017 to perform statistical analysis for all inpatients in Wuhan Third Hospital from January 25，2020 to March 18，2020 who were treated by the prescriptions of TCM. The usage quantity，frequency，average dosage and dosage range of TCM were counted and compared with the dosage stipulated in the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Result:In this study，a total of 875 patients were included in the treatment prescription，involving 233 TCMs，and 20 high-frequency herbs were obtained，which were mainly used to dissolve phlegm，relieve cough and asthma，and tonify body. In the analysis of the characteristics of TCM，it is mainly composed of plain drugs，followed by cold drugs and warm drugs. The main taste of medicine is bitter，followed by spicy and sweet. The main meridians were the lung meridians，followed by the spleen and stomach meridians. By using association rule analysis and complex network analysis，it was found that the correlation degree of Artemisiae Scopariae Herba，Amomi Fructus Rotundus，Akebiae Caulis，Talcum and Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus was very high，which could treat symptoms such as fever，cough，sputum，thirst，chest tightness and abdominal distension after COVID-19 infection. Conclusion:In this study，it was found that the core prescription for the treatment of COVID-19 in Wuhan Third Hospital was the addition and reduction of clearing damp agent，modified Ganlu Xiaodudan，and the reduction of expectorant modified Qingjin Jianghuotang，all the drugs were excess used than pharmacopoeia prescribed dosage. As a clinical Chinese pharmacist，we should distinguish the syndrome types according to the symptoms of the patients，and medication monitoring should be conducted from the aspects of usage and dosage of specific medication，processing product selection，compatibility，patient education，etc.
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Objective: Lycopodiastrum casuarinoides, a fern of the Lycopodiaceae family, is a traditional Chinese medicine, which has similar efficacy to that of Huperzia serrata in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, they are different in the contents and compositions of lycopodium alkaloids. In this study, the biosynthesis related genes of lycopodium alkaloids and genetic markers are discovered in L. casuarinoides transcriptome. Methods: The plant of L. casuarinoides was collected and was subjected to the RNA isolation, cDNA library construction, high throughput RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Results: Totally 124, 524 high-quality unigenes were assembled from RNA sequencing reads, with an average sequence length of 601 bp. Among the L. casuarinoides transcripts, 61,304 shared the significant similarity (E-value < 10−5) with existing protein sequences in the public databases. From 124,524 unigenes, 47,538 open reading frames (ORFs) were predicted. Based on the bioinformatics analysis, all possible enzyme genes involved in the lycodine-type alkaloids biosynthetic pathway of L. casuarinoides were identified, including lysine decarboxylase (LDC), primary amine oxidase (PAO), malonyl-CoA decarboxylase, etc. Sixty-four putative cytochrome p450 (CYP) and 827 putative transcription factors were selected from the transcriptome unigenes as the candidates of lycodine-type alkaloids biosynthesis modifiers. Furthermore, 13,352 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified from 124,524 unigenes, of which dinucleotide motifs AG/CT were the most abundant (50.1%). Meanwhile, we confirmed the amplification effectiveness of 25 PCR primer pairs for randomly selected SSRs. Conclusion: We obtained the comprehensive transcriptomic information from the high throughput RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, which provided a valuable resource of transcript sequences of L. casuarinoides in public databases.
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In this study, Donghua Hospital information management system and Meikang clinical pharmacy management system were used to collect medical records of all inpatients diagnosed as coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) in Wuhan Third Hospital. The statistics was based on the data of the cases treated with Ganlu Xiaodu Decoction, including demographic statistics, clinical cha-racteristics before medication, outcome of after medication and efficacy of drug combination. Excel 2003 and SPSS Clementine 12.0 software were used to conduct statistics on the included cases, and Apriori algorithm and association rules were used for the association analysis on drug combination. A total of 131 cases of COVID-19 were treated with Ganlu Xiaodu Decoction combined with Chinese and Western medicine. All of the patients were cured and discharged. The drug combination mainly included Ganlu Xiaodu Decoction, abidor, Lianhua Qingwen, moxifloxacin, Qiangli Pipa Lu, vitamin C, glycyrrhizinate diammonium, pantoprazole and Shufeng Jiedu. There is a certain regularity and effectiveness in the treatment of COVID-19 infection patients with the combination of Ganlu Xiaodu Decoction and other drugs, but the rationality and safety still need to be further verified.
Subject(s)
Humans , Betacoronavirus , Coronavirus Infections , Drug Therapy , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Pandemics , Pneumonia, Viral , Drug TherapyABSTRACT
The purpose of the study is to analyze the outcomes of randomized controlled trial(RCT) of Chinese herbal medicine formula(CHMF) in the treatment of vascular cognitive impairment caused by cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD-VCI), and provide suggestions for future studies in this field. Three English databases, four Chinese databases, and two online registration websites of clinical trials were searched with use of the search strategy established in advance. Relevant RCTs published in recent ten years were screened, and necessary information was extracted to assess the risk of bias and analyze the outcomes of these RCTs. As a result, a total of 10 461 articles were retrieved, of which 8 681 were kept after de-duplication, and 41 RCTs were included after screening, with a generally higher risk of bias. The outcomes of included RCTs were classified into 9 categories, namely, clinical symptom outcomes, neuroimaging outcomes, neuroelectrophysiological outcomes, blood biochemical outcomes, hemorheology outcomes, physical signs, syndrome scores of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), clinical effective rate, and safety outcomes. Among them, the most frequently reported outcomes of included RCTs were blood biochemical outcomes, and clinical symptom outcomes showed the highest reporting rate. Besides, 9 RCTs reported syndrome scores of TCM as the outcomes and illustrated corresponding evaluation criteria. The analysis showed that the application of RCT outcomes in this field had clinical rationality and limitations, and there were also some deficiencies in the trial design level, namely, no distinction between primary and secondary outcomes, insufficient blind methods, not detailed description of outcomes, disunity of evaluation tools, and despised endpoint outcomes. These limitations and deficiencies were negatively affecting the quality of RCTs of CHMF in the treatment of CSVD-VCI. Therefore, we suggest that future researchers should be well prepared in the top-level design stage, and actively construct the core outcome set of this field, so as to improve the quality of clinical trials.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases , Cognitive Dysfunction , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , PhytotherapyABSTRACT
A 43-year-old male presented with elevated serum creatinine for 4 years and developed abdominal pain for 3 days. He started peritoneal dialysis 2 months ago. Dialysis-related peritonitis was ruled out and acute gastroenteritis was diagnosed. The patient was administrated with ertapenem 500 mg/d. An acute mental abnormality developed 3 days later. After excluded organic encephalopathy, ertapenem was discontinued for the suspicion of antibiotic-related encephalopathy. The frequency of peritoneal dialysis was increased to accelerate the clearance of antibiotics. However, the metal abnormality became even more severe. Then a diagnosis of Wernick-Korsakoff syndrome was considered. After the administration of high dose vitamin B1, the mental disorder dramatically relieved. Vitamin B1 30 mg/d is maintained during peritoneal dialysis and the mental disorder does not relapse.
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Objective::Based on gene array technology, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immune infiltration analysis were performed on chip data of intracranial aneurysm (IA) mRNA expression profile, in order to provide theoretical basis for understanding the formation mechanism of IA. Method::The GSE75436 raw data were obtained from the gene expression omnibus (GEO). GSEA of biological process (BP) in gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto gene and genome encyclopedia (KEGG) signaling pathways were analyzed for gene expression profile by R software. The CIBERSORT deconvolution method was used to analyze the infiltration ratio of 22 types of immune cells in the expression profile. And COREMINE database was used to predict traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), which were significant correlation with the enrichment result. Result::The GSEA results showed that the changes in gene expression of IA samples mainly involved in the regulation of cytokines, activation and differentiation of leukocyte, inflammatory immune response and other processes. The infiltration matrix analysis of immune cells showed that mast cells resting and neutrophils were significantly reduced in IA samples. The comparison of paired samples showed that mast cells and natural killer cells (NK cells) were significantly activated in the IA samples of the same individual, while neutrophils and T cells CD4 naive were significantly reduced. Through COREMINE prediction, it was found that Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix was correlated with the activation of granulocytes, Sapindi Mukorossi Semen and Pistaciae Chinensis Cortex were correlated with the activation of neutrophils, Trichosanthis Semen, Paeoniae Radix Alba and Ligustri Lucidi Fructus were correlated with the cytotoxicity mediated by NK cells. Conclusion::Activation of mast cells and NK cells are closely associated with the occurrence and development of IA. The inflammatory immune processes and pathways such as nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor (NLR) signaling pathway and cytotoxicity mediated by NK cells may be important factors in the pathogenesis of IA, and TCMs such as Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix may be the potential molecular drug sources.
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Objective:To evaluate the clinical effects of self-made Chaimu-Xingnao Decoction combined with rehabilitation training in the treatment of cognitive dysfunction after stroke. Methods:A total of 82 stroke patients with cognitive dysfunction who met the inclusion criteria in Haikou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2015 to December 2018 were divided into two groups according to random number table method, 41 in each group. The control group was treated with rehabilitation training on the basis of routine treatment, and the observation group was given self-made Chaimu-Xingnao Decoction on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 12 weeks. The cognitive function of the patients was evaluated by neurobehavioral cognitive status examination (NCSE). The whole high blood viscosity, whole low blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, hematocrit and fibrinogen were detected by automatic hemorheology tester, and the levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and neurotrophic factor (NTF) were detected by ELISA. The clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results:The total clinical effective rate of the observation group was 90.2% (37/41), which was significantly higher than 70.7% (29/41) of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=4.970, P=0.026). After treatment, the NCSE score in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( t=3.689, P<0.01), the whole high blood viscosity, whole low blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, hematocrit and fibrinogen in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 12.406, 14.638, 10.947, 12.546 and 8.451, respectively, all Ps<0.001), the serum NGF (119.82 ± 16.73 pg/ml vs. 93.31 ± 15.20 pg/ml, t=7.510) and NTF (5.58 ± 0.59 ng/ml vs. 4.01 ± 0.52 ng/ml, t=12.783) level in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.01). There were no serious adverse reactions during treatment in both groups. Conclusions:Self-made Chaimu-Xingnao Decoction combined with rehabilitation training can improve the hemorheology index, regulate the level of nerve cell factor and improve the clinical effect of patients with cognitive dysfunction after stroke.
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Liver disease is one of the most risk factors threatening human health. It is of great significance to find drugs that can treat liver diseases, especially for acute and chronic hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and liver cancer. The search for drugs with good efficacy from traditional natural medicines has attracted more and more attention. Tibetan medicine, one of the China's traditional medical systems, has been widely used by the Tibetan people for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases for hundreds of years. The present paper summarized the natural Tibetan medicines that have been used in Tibetan traditional system of medicine to treat liver diseases by bibliographic investigation of 22 Tibetan medicine monographs and drug standards. One hundred and ninety three species including 181 plants, 7 animals, and 5 minerals were found to treat liver diseases in traditional Tibetan medicine system. The most frequently used species are Carthamus tinctorius, Brag-zhun, Swertia chirayita, Swertia mussotii, Halenia elliptica, Herpetospermum pedunculosum, and Phyllanthus emblica. Their names, families, medicinal parts, traditional uses, phytochemicals information, and pharmacological activities were described in detail. These natural medicines might be a valuable gift from the old Tibetan medicine to the world, and would be potential drug candidates for the treatment of liver diseases. Further studies are needed to prove their medicinal values in liver diseases treatment, identify bioactive compounds, elucidate the underlying mechanism of action, and clarify their side effects or toxicity with the help of modern phytochemical, pharmacological, metabonomics, and/or clinical trial methods.
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Depression has become a serious disease affecting the health of Chinese people. Yueju pill has shown a unique rapid and lasting anti-depression effect, and Yueju pill can rapidly improve Parkinson's disease with depression.The drug pair of Fructus Gardeniae and Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong is necessary for traditional Chinese formula Yueju Pill for antidepressant effect. Recent studies have found the antidepressant effect of Yueju pills at regular doses, and an integrative pharmacological method was adopted to predict the targets and pathways of Yueju pill and explore its molecular mechanism for depression. In recent years, there has been an increasing number of clinical studies on the treatment of depression with Yueju pills and significant therapeutic effects. A new clinical study found that Yueju pill may have antidepressant effects and increase serum BDNF concentration. This paper reviewed the recent research progress of Yueju pill in the treatment of depression in recent 5 years.
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The present study was designed to further investigate the C steroidal glycosides in Cynanchum plants. Two new steroidal glycosides based on a 13, 14:14, 15-disecopregnane-type aglycone, komaroside P (1) and komaroside Q (2), together with three known compounds (3-5) were isolated from the whole herbs of Cynanchum komarovii. The aglycones of compounds 1 and 2 were two new disecopregnane. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D, 2D NMR spectroscopic data and acid hydrolysis. All the compounds (1-5) showed potent inhibitory activities against human leukemia cell lines (HL-60) with IC values ranging from 16.6 to 26.3 μmol·L, compared to the positive control 5-fluorouracil (6.4 μmol·L).
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Humans , Cell Survival , Cynanchum , Chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Glycosides , Chemistry , Pharmacology , HL-60 Cells , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Molecular Structure , Steroids , Chemistry , PharmacologyABSTRACT
The present study was designed to further investigate the C steroidal glycosides in Cynanchum plants. Two new steroidal glycosides based on a 13, 14:14, 15-disecopregnane-type aglycone, komaroside P (1) and komaroside Q (2), together with three known compounds (3-5) were isolated from the whole herbs of Cynanchum komarovii. The aglycones of compounds 1 and 2 were two new disecopregnane. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D, 2D NMR spectroscopic data and acid hydrolysis. All the compounds (1-5) showed potent inhibitory activities against human leukemia cell lines (HL-60) with IC values ranging from 16.6 to 26.3 μmol·L, compared to the positive control 5-fluorouracil (6.4 μmol·L).