ABSTRACT
Four new unusual 19-nor-pimarane-type diterpenes were isolated from the tuber of Icacina trichantha (Icacinaceae, Oliv.). The structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic and HRMS analysis. The absolute configurations were determined by electronic circular dichroism. All four compounds are structural analogues of icacinol and humirianthol, but do not demonstrate the same cytotoxic activity. A plausible biogenetic pathway is proposed.
Subject(s)
Abietanes/chemistry , Magnoliopsida/chemistry , Plant Tubers/chemistry , Abietanes/isolation & purification , Cell Line, Tumor , Diterpenes , Humans , Molecular Structure , Nigeria , Phytochemicals/chemistry , Phytochemicals/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Momilactones are allelochemicals in rice and moss defense. Momilactone-like compounds are therefore considered important secondary metabolites for plant defense. They may serve as promising lead compounds for crop-friendly herbicides as well as antifungal and antibacterial agents. Many of these substances possess potent cytotoxicity property against cancer cell lines as well. The present paper is the first review on these versatile molecules, focusing on the structure, biological activity, chemical synthesis, and biosynthesis of the naturally occurring momilactone-like molecules reported from 1973 to 2017.
Subject(s)
Agrochemicals/chemistry , Diterpenes/chemistry , Lactones/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Agrochemicals/pharmacology , Animals , Bryophyta/chemistry , Diterpenes/pharmacology , Humans , Lactones/pharmacology , Oryza/chemistry , Oryza/metabolism , Plant Extracts/pharmacologyABSTRACT
This is a review on the pharmacological properties and chemical composition of Icacina trichantha (Icacinaceac), a food and medicinal plant native to West Africa. The tuber is a good source of nutrients such as starch; it also exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities in animal models. Chemical analysis has revealed the presence of a series of unusual pimarane-type diterpenes.