ABSTRACT
A shortcut review was carried out to see if acupuncture is an effective pain treatment in fibromyalgia. One Cochrane review and five subsequent papers and conference abstracts were identified. There are no large studies addressing this question and acupuncture has been compared with many different treatment modalities. Acupuncture may be a valid treatment for pain in fibromyalgia, but more research is required to validate this.
Subject(s)
Acupuncture Therapy , Fibromyalgia/therapy , Adult , Humans , Pain ManagementABSTRACT
The non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are replacing warfarin for many indications. These agents include dabigatran, which inhibits thrombin, and rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban, which inhibit factor Xa. All 4 agents are licensed in the United States for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation and for treatment of venous thromboembolism and rivaroxaban and apixaban are approved for thromboprophylaxis after elective hip or knee arthroplasty. The NOACs are at least as effective as warfarin, but are not only more convenient to administer because they can be given in fixed doses without routine coagulation monitoring but also are safer because they are associated with less intracranial bleeding. As part of a theme series on the NOACs, this article (1) compares the pharmacological profiles of the NOACs with that of warfarin, (2) identifies the doses of the NOACs for each approved indication, (3) provides an overview of the completed phase III trials with the NOACs, (4) briefly discusses the ongoing studies with the NOACs for new indications, (5) reviews the emerging real-world data with the NOACs, and (6) highlights the potential opportunities for the NOACs and identifies the remaining challenges.
Subject(s)
Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Antithrombins/therapeutic use , Factor Xa Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Warfarin/therapeutic use , Administration, Oral , Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy , Atrial Fibrillation/prevention & control , Benzimidazoles/therapeutic use , Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic , Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic , Dabigatran , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Administration Schedule , Female , Humans , Male , Morpholines/therapeutic use , Pyrazoles/therapeutic use , Pyridines/therapeutic use , Pyridones/therapeutic use , Rivaroxaban , Sensitivity and Specificity , Stroke/prevention & control , Thiazoles/therapeutic use , Thiophenes/therapeutic use , Thromboembolism/drug therapy , Thromboembolism/prevention & control , beta-Alanine/analogs & derivatives , beta-Alanine/therapeutic useABSTRACT
A short cut review was carried out to establish whether osteopathy or chiropractic treatments improve outcome in patients with neck sprain. Altogether 206 papers were found using the reported search, of which nine presented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The author, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes, results and study weaknesses of these best papers are tabulated. A clinical bottom line is stated