Out-of-set association analysis of lung cancer drugs and symptoms based on clinical case data mining.

BACKGROUND: There are 1.8 million lung cancer deaths worldwide, accounting for 18% of global cancer deaths, including 710,000 in China, accounting for 23.8% of all cancer deaths in China. OBJECTIVE: To explore the out-of-set association rules of lung cancer symptoms and drugs through text mining of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment of lung cancer, and form medical case analysis to analyze the experience of TCM syndrome differentiation in its treatment. METHODS: The medical records of all patients diagnosed with lung cancer in Nanjing Chest Hospital from January to December 2018 were collected, and the out-of-set association analysis was performed using the MedCase v5.2 TCM clinical scientific research auxiliary platform based on the frequent pattern growth enhanced association analysis algorithm. RESULTS: In terms of TCM treatment of lung cancer, the clinical symptoms with high correlation included cough, expectoration, chest distress, and white phlegm; and the drugs with high correlation included Pinellia ternata, licorice root, white Atractylodes rhizome, and Radix Ophiopogonis; with the prescriptions based on Erchen and Maimendong decoctions. CONCLUSION: This analytical study of the medical cases of TCM treatment for lung cancer was performed using data mining techniques, and the out-of-set association rules between clinical symptoms and drugs were analyzed, including the understanding of lung cancer in TCM. Moreover, the essence of experience in drug use was gathered, providing significant scientific guidance for the clinical treatment of lung cancer.

Analysis of the cluster efficacy and prescription characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine intervention for non-small cell lung cancer based on a clustering algorithm.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, malignant tumors have gradually become one of the main causes of death for Chinese residents, of which lung cancer ranks first in both the incidence and mortality in China. OBJECTIVE: To mine the text of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinical medical cases after data cleaning, analyze it, and study the experience of TCM doctors in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: The applied approach was based on the data mining methods of decentralized and hierarchical system clustering of data from a drug and prescription database. This study involved 215 patients, 287 cases, and 147 types of clinical drugs. RESULTS: The data analysis of the clinical treatment of NSCLC in TCM showed that Erchen Decoction was the main method for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer in clinical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Junjian recipes were close to each other, with Banzhilian, Lobelia, Shanci Mushroom, Hedyotis diffusa to anticancer and detoxify. CONCLUSION: This study analyzed the core TCM prescription for NSCLC by collecting the empirical essence and characteristics of specific medications. It has some guiding scientific significance for the clinical treatment of lung cancer.

Abdominopelvic Lymphatic Drainage Area Irradiation for Consolidative Radiotherapy of Advanced Ovarian Carcinoma: Analysis of Clinical Application Efficacy and Dosimetric Verification.

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of abdominopelvic lymphatic drainage area irradiation (APLN), instead of whole abdominal radiotherapy (WART), in the consolidative radiotherapy of advanced ovarian carcinoma patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis collecting 99 patients with locally advanced ovarian cancer treated by APLN with 45 - 50 Gy/25- 28 fractions/5-7#, instead of WART. We evaluated the clinical outcome of APLN. Five patients were selected for dosimetric verifications verses WART (30 Gy/20 fractions). The normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) was calculated for the two treatment methods. Results: The mean follow-up time was 64.10 months (5.5 - 113.2 months), after APLN consolidative radiotherapy, 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) was 87.9%, 81.3%, and 61.5%, median disease-free survival (DFS) was 40.8 months, 5-year local recurrence free survival (LRFS) was 75.9%, and 5-year distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) was 49.2%. One patient died due to intestinal perforation. Local recurrence in the area between WART and APLN was rare (3/99 patients). The number of surgical procedures < 2 was an independent risk factor for LRFS (P = 0.023). Dosimetric comparison showed that comparing with WART, APLN significantly reduced the organ at risk (OAR) dose: 25.37 ± 3.63 Gy (25%) for liver, 8.77 ± 5.03 Gy (25%) for kidney, 8.14 ± 1.51 Gy (25%) for small intestine, etc. NTCP was reduced by 0.04-1.04% for liver, kidney, and small intestine. Conclusion: For consolidative radiotherapy in locally advanced ovarian cancer, APLN (intensity-modulated radiotherapy 45 - 50 Gy/25 - 28 fractions) could be an alternative to WART, resulting in excellent LRFS and DFS, with acceptable toxicities, comparing with previous literature reports. Dosimetric analysis also showed the benefits of APLN in NTCP.

Comparative study of thermo-mechanical, rheological, and structural properties of gluten-free model doughs from high hydrostatic pressure treated maize, potato, and sweet potato starches.

Effects of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP, 100, 300 and 500 MPa for 30 min at 25 °C) treated maize (MS), potato (PS), and sweet potato (SS) starches on thermo-mechanical, rheological, microstructural properties and water distribution of gluten-free model doughs were investigated. Significant differences were found among starch model doughs in terms of water absorption, dough development time, and dough stability at 500 MPa. Total gas production of MS, PS and SS doughs was significantly increased from 541 to 605 mL (300 MPa), 527 to 568 mL (500 MPa) and 551 to 620 mL (500 MPa) respectively as HHP increased. HHP increased storage (G') and loss (G″) modulus in terms of rheological properties suggesting, the higher viscoelastic behavior of starch model doughs. The dough after 500 MPa treatment showed lower degree of dependence of G' on frequency sweep suggesting, the formation of a stable network structure. In addition, continuous abundant water distribution and uniform microstructure were found in MS (300 MPa), PS (500 MPa) and SS (500 MPa) doughs for 60 min fermentation. Thus, the starches after HHP show great application potential in gluten-free doughs with improved characteristics.

Functionalization of sweet potato leaf polyphenols by nanostructured composite ß-lactoglobulin particles from molecular level complexations: A review.

Sweet potato leaf polyphenols (SPLPs) have shown potential health benefits in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Nowadays, consumption of SPLPs from animal feeds to foodstuff is becoming a trend worldwide. However, the application of SPLPs is limited by their low bioavailability and stability. ß-lactoglobulin (ßlg), a highly regarded whey protein, can interact with SPLPs at the molecular level to form reversible or irreversible nanocomplexes (NCs). Consequently, the functional properties and final quality of SPLPs are directly modified. In this review, the composition and structure of SPLPs and ßlg, as well as methods of molecular complexation and mechanisms of formation of SPLPsßlgNCs, are revisited. The modified functionalities of SPLPsßlgNCs, especially protein conformational structures, antioxidant activity, solubility, thermal stability, emulsifying, and gelling properties including allergenic potential, digestibility, and practical applications are discussed for SPLPs future development.

The effects of dietary reduced mineral elements and coated cysteamine supplementation on bacterial diversity in the ileum of finishing pigs.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of dietary partial MEs and coated cysteamine (CC) supplementation on gut microbiota in finishing pigs. Results showed that whittling down dietary partial MEs (Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn) by 20% and 40% had little effect on the microbial diversity, community structure, and bacterial relative abundance in the ileum of finishing pigs. Supplementation with 1,600 mg/kg CC also had no obvious effect on the microbial diversity, community structure, and bacterial relative abundance in the finishing pig ileum when fed diets with a normal MEs level. However, the abundance of Peptostreptococcaceae, Pasteurella, and Pasteurella_aerogenes was higher, and the abundance of Actinobacillus_minor was lower in the 20% ME reduction diet treatment than that in the 20% ME reduction with 1,600 mg/kg CC diet group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our results suggested that there is no obvious effect on gut microbiota when dietary partial MEs are reduced by 20% or 40%, which indicates the feasibility of reducing dietary partial MEs by 20% or 40% in finishing pigs. Supplementation with CC changed the relative abundance of some bacteria related to opportunistic pathogenicity in the finishing pig ileum when were fed a 20% ME reduction diet.

Clinical observation of needling gluteus medius muscle trigger point plus chiropractic for sacroiliac joint subluxation / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of needling gluteus medius muscle trigger point (TrP) plus chiropractic for sacroiliac joint subluxation.Methods:A total of 124 cases conforming to the inclusion criteria of sacroiliac joint subluxation were classified by anterior subluxation and posterior subluxation,and randomized into a TrP group and a conventional group respectively.There were 63 patients with anterior subluxation who were randomized into a TrP group of 32 cases (including 4 dropped out cases) and a conventional group of 31 cases (including 3 dropped out cases);and 61 patients with posterior subluxation who were randomized into a TrP group of 31 cases (including 3 dropped out cases) and a conventional group of 30 cases (including 3 dropped out cases).Patients in the TrP group received the treatment of needling gluteus medius muscle TrP plus chiropractic,while patients in the conventional group received conventional acupuncture treatment plus chiropractic.The treatment was done twice a week for a succession of 8 weeks.Then,the pain visual analog scale (VAS),Oswestry disability index (ODI) and therapeutic efficacy were evaluated.Results:After treatment,the total effective rate of TrP group with anterior subluxation was 96.9％,higher than 77.4％ in the conventional group,the difference showed a statistical significance (P＜0.05);the total effective rate was 93.5％ in the TrP group with posterior subluxation,higher than 73.3％ in the conventional group.After treatment,the VAS and ODI scores in both groups dropped obviously,the differences showed statistical significance (all P＜0.05);the scores of VAS and ODI in the TrP group were obviously lower than those in the conventional group (all P＜0.05).Conclusion:Needling gluteus medius muscle TrP plus chiropractic had a better therapeutic effect than conventional acupuncture plus chiropractic for sacroiliac joint subluxation.

Effects of yeast products on the intestinal morphology, barrier function, cytokine expression, and antioxidant system of weaned piglets.

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of a mixture of yeast culture, cell wall hydrolysates, and yeast extracts (collectively "yeast products," YP) on the performance, intestinal physiology, and health of weaned piglets. A total of 90 piglets weaned at 21 d of age were blocked by body weight, sex, and litter and randomly assigned to one of three treatments for a 14-d feeding experiment, including (1) a basal diet (control), (2) 1.2 g/kg of YP, and (3) 20 mg/kg of colistin sulfate (CSE). No statistically significant differences were observed in average daily feed intake, average daily weight gain, or gain-to-feed ratio among CSE, YP, and control piglets. Increased prevalence of diarrhea was observed among piglets fed the YP diet, whereas diarrhea was less prevalent among those fed CSE. Duodenal and jejunal villus height and duodenal crypt depth were greater in the control group than they were in the YP or CSE groups. Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) in the duodenal and jejunal villi were enhanced by YP, whereas IEL in the ileal villi were reduced in weaned piglets fed YP. Secretion of jejunal and ileal interleukin-10 (IL-10) was higher and intestinal and serum antioxidant indexes were affected by YP and CSE. In YP- and CSE-supplemented animals, serum D-lactate concentration and diamine oxidase (DAO) activity were both increased, and intestinal mRNA expressions of occludin and ZO-1 were reduced as compared to the control animals. In conclusion, YP supplementation in the diets of weaned piglets appears to increase the incidence of diarrhea and has adverse effects on intestinal morphology and barrier function.

Effect of α-Amylase Degradation on Physicochemical Properties of Pre-High Hydrostatic Pressure-Treated Potato Starch.

The effect of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) on the susceptibility of potato starch (25%, w/v) suspended in water to degradation by exposure to bacterial α-amylase (0.02%, 0.04% and 0.06%, w/v) for 40 min at 25°C was investigated. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in the structure, morphology and physicochemical properties were observed. HHP-treated potato starch (PS) exposed to α-amylase (0.06%, w/v) showed a significantly greater degree of hydrolysis and amount of reducing sugar released compared to α-amylase at a concentration of 0.04% (w/v) or 0.02% (w/v). Native PS (NPS) granules have a spherical and elliptical form with a smooth surface, whereas the hydrolyzed NPS (hNPS) and hydrolyzed HHP-treated PS granules showed irregular and ruptured forms with several cracks and holes on the surface. Hydrolysis of HHP-treated PS by α-amylase could decrease the average granule size significantly (p <0.05) from 29.43 to 20.03 µm. Swelling power decreased and solubility increased with increasing enzyme concentration and increasing pressure from 200-600 MPa, with the exception of the solubility of HHP-treated PS at 600 MPa (HHP600 PS). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed extensive degradation of the starch in both the ordered and the amorphous structure, especially in hydrolyzed HHP600 PS. The B-type of hydrolyzed HHP600 PS with α-amylase at a concentration 0.06% (w/v) changed to a B+V type with an additional peak at 2θ = 19.36°. The HHP600 starch with 0.06% (w/v) α-amylase displayed the lowest value of To (onset temperature), Tc (conclusion temperature) and ΔHgel (enthalpies of gelatinization). These results indicate the pre-HHP treatment of NPS leads to increased susceptibility of the granules to enzymatic degradation and eventually changes of both the amorphous and the crystalline structures.

The effects of temperature and catalysts on the pyrolysis of industrial wastes (herb residue).

Pyrolysis of herb residue was investigated in a fixed-bed to determine the effects of pyrolysis temperature and catalysts (ZSM-5, Al-SBA-15 and alumina) on the products yields and the qualities of bio-oils. The results indicated that the maximum bio-oil yield of 34.26% was obtained at 450 degrees Celsius with 10 wt.% alumina catalyst loaded. The pyrolytic oils were examined by ultimate analysis and calorific values determination, and the results indicated that the presence of all catalysts decreased the oxygen content of bio-oils and increased the calorific values. The order of the catalytic effect for upgrading the pyrolytic oil was Al(2)O(3)>Al-SBA-15>ZSM-5. The bio-oil with the lowest oxygen content (26.71%) and the highest calorific value (25.94 MJ kg(-1)) was obtained with 20 wt.% alumina catalyst loaded. Furthermore, the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used in order to investigate the components of obtained pyrolytic oils. It was found that the alumina catalyst could clearly enhance the formation of aliphatics and aromatics.

Experimental study on anti-influenza virus infection with yinqiao-decoction by orthogonal design / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate composition principle of Yinqiao-decoction through experiment of anti-influenza.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The effects of different compositions of Yinqiao-decoction on the index of hemagglutinin titre of virus in the lung tissue of mice infected with virus from nose were investigated by orthogonal design.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>According to the hemagglutinin titre of virus in the lung tissue of mice, the necessary effective drugs of Yinqiao-decoction are forsythia suspense, flos lonicerae, fructus arctii, schizonepeta tenuifolia, folium phyllostach lophatheri, glycyrrhiza uralensis, platycodon grandiflorum and mentha haplocalyx, and semen sojae preparatum isn't necessary. There is interaction between forsythia suspense and flos lonicerae, forsythia suspense and fructus arctii, forsythia suspense and schizonepeta tenuifolia, fructus arctii and mentha haplocalyx, schizonepeta tenuifolia and platycodon grandiflorum.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The optimal combination of Yinqiao-decoction is flos lonicerae, forsythia suspense, fructus arctii, folium phyllostach lophatheri, glycyrrhiza uralensis, mentha haplocalyx of the second level and schizonepeta tenuifolia, platycodon grandiflorum, semen sojae preparatum of the first level.</p>

Effect of radix bupleuri extract on cardiomyocyte apoptosis related genes expression in mouse infected with coxsackie virus B3m / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the mechanism of Radix Bupleuri (RB) extract in regulating cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Methods The BALB/c mouse inoculated with the cardiomyocytophilic strain Coxsackie virus B3m (CVB3m) by peritoneal injection was adopted as viral myocarditis model. The experimental mice were divided into the normal control (A), the model (B) and the RB (C) groups. Mice in Group C were given 0.2 ml / 10 g of RB extract, 2 mg/ml in concentration by gastrogavage once daily, while equal volume of normal saline was given by gastrogavage to mice in Group A and B. All the mice were sacrificed on the 10th day after modeling. The cardiomyocyte apoptosis was detected by TDT/Dutp nick end labelling (TUNEL). The expression of Fas Bcl-2, and Caspase3 protein in myocardium was determined by immunohistochemistry and reverse-transcription polymerse chain reaction (RT-PCR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The apoptotic cell was not found in Group A, but Fas, Bcl-2 and Caspase3 were expressed in different degree. In Group B, a lot of apoptotic cells could be seen, with expression of Fas, Bcl-2 and Caspase3 stronger than those in Group A (P < 0.01). Compared with Group B, the apoptotic cardiomyocyte in Group C was significantly reduced (P < 0.01), with the expression of Fas and Caspase3 significantly lowered but expression of Bcl-2 increased slightly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>RB extract could inhibit the cardiomyocyte apoptosis in animal with viral myocarditis, obviously down-regulate the expression of Fas and Caspase3, and slightly up-regulate Bcl-2 expression.</p>