Reporting and methodological quality of meta-analyses of acupuncture for patients with migraine: A methodological investigation with evidence map / 中西医结合学报

BACKGROUND@#Acupuncture has been widely used to relieve migraine-related symptoms. However, the findings of previous systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) are still not completely consistent. Their quality is also unknown, so a comprehensive study is needed.@*OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the reporting and methodological quality of these MAs concerning acupuncture for migraine, and summarize evidence about the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for migraine.@*SEARCH STRATEGY@#PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Databases, Wanfang Data, and VIP databases were searched from inception to September 2020, with a comprehensive search strategy.@*INCLUSION CRITERIA@#The pairwise MAs of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning migraine treated by acupuncture or acupuncture-based therapies, with a control group that received sham acupuncture, medication, no treatment, or acupuncture at different acupoints were included.@*DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS@#Two independent investigators screened studies, extracted relevant data, and assessed reporting and methodological quality using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2009 and A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2), then all results were cross-checked. Spearman correlation test was used to evaluate the correlation between reporting and methodological quality scores.@*RESULTS@#A total of 20 MAs were included in this study. The included MAs indicated that acupuncture was efficacious and safe in preventing and treating migraine when compared with control intervention. There was a high correlation between reporting and methodological quality scores (rs = 0.87, P < 0.001). The quality of the included SRs needs to be improved mainly with regard to protocol and prospective registration, using a comprehensive search strategy, summarizing the strength of evidence body for key outcomes, a full list of excluded studies with reasons for exclusion, reporting of RCTs' funding sources, and assessing the potential impact of risk of bias in RCTs on MA results.@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture is an effective and safe intervention for preventing and treating migraine, and could be considered as a good option for patients with migraine. However, the reporting and methodological quality of MAs included in this overview is suboptimal. In the future, AMSTAR 2 and PRISMA tools should be followed when making and reporting an SR with MA.

Quality evaluation of fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma pieces by HPLC fingerprint and multicomponent quantitative analysis / 中国中药杂志

To establish the HPLC fingerprint and multi-component determination method of fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma pieces. HPLC analysis was performed on Thermo Acclaim ~(TM)120 C_(18) column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm). Acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution was taken as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 1 mL·min~(-1),the column temperature was maintained at 30 ℃, and the detection wavelength was 237 nm and 360 nm. The similarity of 15 batches of fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma pieces was higher than 0.849, and 17 common peaks were identified. Liquiritin, isoliquiritin apioside, isoliquiritin, liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin and glycyrrhizic acid were identified; among them, the mass fractions of Liquiritin, isoliquiritin apioside, isoliquiritin, liquiritigenin, glycyrrhizic acid were were 0.519%-3.058%, 0.227%-0.389%, 0.070%-0.439%, 0.038%-0.173%, 1.381%-4.252%, respectively. According to the cluster analysis, the 15 batches of decoction pieces were classified into three categories; principal component analysis screened out four principal components, with the cumulative variance contribution rate of 86.630%, indicating that the principal components contained most information of original data. Partial least squares discriminant ana-lysis marked 6 differential components in the decoction pieces. The established fingerprint and multicomponent determination are stable and reliable, and can provide a reference for the quality control of Radix Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizomae and fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma pieces.

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of Arnebiae Radix and Dictamni Cortex and efficacy study of herbal extracts on allergic contact dermatitis using 3D human reconstructed epidermis / 中草药·英文版

Objective: To evaluate the quality of Arnebiae Radix (AR) and Dictamni Cortex (DC) and study the efficacy of herbal extracts of these two herbs on the treatment of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Methods: Qualitative and quantitative analysis of effective components was performed using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and HPLC-Quadrupole Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF-MS). In vitro allergic ACD 3D model was established by incubating 3D reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) with skin sensitizer, potassium dichromate. A total of 65 gene expression that were associated with ACD, which included 24 antioxidant responsive element (ARE) and 41 SENS-IS genes were quantified by qRT-PCR. More than or equal to 10 ARE genes and 18 SENN-IS genes were induced by 1.3-fold, demonstrating the successful establishment of in vitro ACD model. Oil extracts of AR and DC were applied on the in vitro ACD model to study the efficacy. Results: Batch 3 of AR and batch 2 of DC showed presence of all active ingredients with the highest concentrations. Active ingredients of the herbs were extracted using a special oil and formulated into herbal oil extracts. The herbal oil extracts were able to down regulate the induced genes in the in-vitro ACD skin model, bringing the tissue back to homeostatic status. Conclusion: The oil extracts showed the potent efficacy of using AR and DC in ACD treatment. The combination study will be done to optimize the formulation ratio which will be developed into a topical cream.

Protective effect of berberine on acute cardiomyopathy associated with doxorubicin treatment.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent and broad-spectrum anthracycline chemotherapeutic agent, but dose-dependent cardiotoxic side effects limit its clinical application. This toxicity is closely associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) radical during DOX metabolism. The present study investigated the effects of Berberine (Ber) on DOX-induced acute cardiac injury in a rat model and analysed its mechanism in cardiomyocytes in vitro. Serum creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly increased in the DOX group compared with the control group. This increase was accompanied by cardiac histopathological injury and a decrease in cardiomyocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). CK, CK-MB and MDA levels decreased and SOD and CAT levels increased in the Ber-treated group compared to the DOX group. Ber ameliorated the DOX-induced increase in cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), attenuated mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and restored the DOX-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in vitro. These results demonstrated that Ber exhibited protective effects against DOX-induced heart tissue free radical injury, potentially via the inhibition of intracellular Ca2+ elevation and attenuation of mitochondrial dysfunction.

Discussion on the cognition and development process of experimental animal acupoints / 中国针灸

To review the development history of the experimental animal acupoints. To analyze different historical periods, the names of animal acupoints, positioningmethods and references, it is believed that the understanding of experimental animal acupoints has gone through four stages, including initiation, accumulation, specification and standards. At the same time, some important events in the development of experimental animal acupoints were sorted out, including the publication of key papers, books, teaching materials, and the convening of important conferences. In addition, the significance of the above stages of development and the relationship between them were also analyzed to provide basic clues and evidence for the rational understanding of the characteristics and laws of experimental animals. It is concluded that the development of experimental animal acupoints has evolved from simple to complex, from fuzzy to precise.

Study on Response of TRPV1 Sensitive Neurons in Spinal Cord under Moxibustion of Different Temperatures / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the response of TRPV1 sensitive neurons in spinal cord under moxibustion of different temperatures in "Zusanli". Methods Totally 40 healthy male SD rats were chosen and stimulated with moxibustion at "Zusanli" in 41 ℃, 45 ℃ and 49 ℃. Extracellular recording techniques of glass microelectrode was used in the rats' L4spinal cord neurons. Capsaicin vehicle and solution was injected into the rats through "Zusanli" to filter the sensitive neuron to TRPV1. The response of sensitive neurons to TRPV1 in spinal cord under moxibustion of three different temperatures was recorded and compared. Results The TRPV1 sensitive neurons responded to all the three temperatures. Viewing from the nature of the responding neurons, the neuron in 45 ℃ and 49 ℃ mainly performed in agitation, while the number of agitated and inhibitory neurons appeared same in 41 ℃. Viewing from the character of the responding neurons, different temperatures correspond to differential discharge frequency: 41 ℃was (8.26±2.14) spikes/s, 45 ℃ was (4.69±2.61) spikes/s, 49 ℃ was (10.66±5.97) spikes/s. Viewing from the change of discharge frequency, the neurons in 41 ℃ was found without obvious change, while the neurons in 45 ℃and 49 ℃ discharge frequency apparently increased (P<0.01). Conclusion Sensitive neurons in TRPV1 in spinal cord can response to 41 ℃, 45 ℃ and 49 ℃, whose character, nature and degree are related to the temperature gradient.

Effect of acupuncture in intervening heroin-induced brain damage via regulating ubiquitin-proteasome pathway / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To observe the effect of acupuncture in regulating ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP),and discuss the action of acupuncture in intervening heroin-induced brain damage.Methods:Thirty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into a control group,a model group and an acupuncture group by using the random number table.Rats in the model and acupuncture groups received intramuscular heroin injection for successive 8 d at a progressively increased dose.Afterwards,the injection was suspended for 5 d for withdrawal.The heroin relapse rat model was established by repeating the drug addiction and withdrawal process for 3 times.The control group followed the step of the model establishment,but was given intramuscular injection of normal saline at the stage of addiction and no intervention at the stage of withdrawal;the model group was given intramuscular heroin injection at a progressively increased dose at the addiction stage and no intervention at the withdrawal stage;the acupuncture group was dealt in the same way as the model group at the addiction stage,but received acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20) and Dazhui (GV 14) at the withdrawal stage,with the needles retained for 30 min each time,1 session a day,for successive 5 d.On the 39th day,brain tissues were extracted from the hippocampus and ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the three groups of rats.The apoptosis of brain nerve cells was detected by using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick and labeling (TUNEL).The mRNA and protein expressions of ubiquitin (Ub),ubiquitin protein ligase (E3) and 26S were examined by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).Results:Compared with the model group,rat's hippocampus and VTA in the acupuncture group showed significantly fewer cells positively stained by TUNEL staining (P＜0.01),and its mRNA and protein expressions of Ub,E3,26S were significantly lower (P＜0.01).Conclusion:Reducing nerve cell apoptosis and regulating the mRNA and protein expressions of Ub,E3 and 26S in rat's hippocampus and VTA are possibly one of the action mechanisms of acupuncture in intervening heroin-induced brain damage.

[Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel chalcone aromatic oxygen alkyl acids compounds].

Six novel ligustrazine chalcone aromatic oxygen alkyl acids compounds and two pyridine chalcone aromatic oxygen alkyl acids ester compounds were synthesized according to the traditional Chinese medicine theory removing blood stasis. The structures of target compounds were identified by IR, NMR and ESI-MS. The inhibitory activities of platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and arachidonic acid(AA) were measured by the liver microsomal incubation method in vitro. Hypolipidemic activities of compounds were tested in vivo for better inhibitory activities of platelet aggregation. Preliminary pharmacological results showed that compounds 7c, 8a and 11 a had potent inhibitory activity against platelet aggregation induced by AA, compounds 7c, 7d, 8a and 11 b showed significant inhibitory activity against platelet aggregation induced by ADP. Compounds 7c and 8a exhibited good hypolipidemic activities in high-fat-diet(HFD) induced hyperlipidemia C57/BL6 mice and worthy for further investigation.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel chalcone aromatic oxygen alkyl acids compounds / 药学学报

Six novel ligustrazine chalcone aromatic oxygen alkyl acids compounds and two pyridine chalcone aromatic oxygen alkyl acids ester compounds were synthesized according to the traditional Chinese medicine theory removing blood stasis. The structures of target compounds were identified by IR, NMR and ESI-MS. The inhibitory activities of platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and arachidonic acid (AA) were measured by the liver microsomal incubation method in vitro. Hypolipidemic activities of compounds were tested in vivo for better inhibitory activities of platelet aggregation. Preliminary pharmacological results showed that compounds 7c, 8a and 11a had potent inhibitory activity against platelet aggregation induced by AA, compounds 7c, 7d, 8a and 11b showed significant inhibitory activity against platelet aggregation induced by ADP. Compounds 7c and 8a exhibited good hypolipidemic activities in high-fat-diet (HFD) induced hyperlipidemia C57/BL6 mice and worthy for further investigation.

Anticancer and multidrug-resistance reversing potential of traditional medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds in leukemia cell lines / 中国天然药物

Multidrug resistance remains a serious clinical problem in the successful therapy of malignant diseases. It occurs in cultured tumor cell lines, as well as in human cancers. Therefore, it is critical to develop novel anticancer drugs with multidrug-resistance modulating potential to increase the survival rate of leukemia patients. Plant-derived natural products have been used for the treatment of various diseases for thousands of years. This review summarizes the anticancer and multidrug-resistance reversing properties of the extracts and bioactive compounds from traditional medicinal plants in different leukemia cell lines. Further mechanistic studies will pave the road to establish the anticancer potential of plant-derived natural compounds.

The protective effect of grape seed procyanidin extract against cadmium-induced renal oxidative damage in mice.

As an important environmental pollutant, cadmium (Cd) can lead to serious renal damage. Grape seed procyanidins extract (GSPE), a biological active component of grape seed, has been shown to possess antioxidative effects. Here, we assessed the protective effect of GSPE on Cd-induced renal damage using animal experiment. After 30 days, the oxidative damage of kidney was evaluated through measurement of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidation (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Since, oxidative stress could lead to apoptosis, the renal apoptosis was measured using flow cytometer. Moreover, the expression of apoptosis-related protein Bax and Bcl-2 was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The results showed that Cd led to the decrease of SOD and GSH-Px activities, and the increase of MDA level, induced renal apoptosis. However, the coadministration of GSPE attenuated Cd-induced lipid peroxidation, and antagonized renal apoptosis, probably associated with the expression of Bax and Bcl-2. These data suggested that GSPE has protective effect against renal oxidative damage induced by Cd, which provide a potential natural chemopreventive agent against Cd-poisoning.

Survey of studies on drug abstinence with acupuncture in recent 10 years / 中国针灸

The effect of acupuncture on substance withdrawl syndromes and craving relapse prevention of the recent 10 years were reviewed as well as its mechanism. The therapeutic effect and the possible mechanism were analyzed on the basis. From the three aspects of anti protracted abstinence symptoms, craving relapse prevention and mechanism of acupuncture, the development tendency and the prospect of application on drug withdrawl with acupuncture were expected. And it is proposed that clinical observation of acupuncture intervention on craving should be developed, the mechanism of acupuncture impact on cognitive behavior, blocking study and memory processing related to drug addiction should be explored, so as to further give play to the advantages of acupuncture on anti-drug addiction.

Analgesic effect of Corydalis yanhusuo in a rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the analgesic effect of Corydalis yanhusuo on trigeminal neuropathic pain.in a rat model.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Rat model of trigeminal neuralgia pain were established by inducing chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the infraorbital branch of the trigeminal nerve (ION). The effect of Corydalis yanhusuo, a traditional Chinese medicine, in ameliorating the pain was tested. Western blotting was performed to investigate the change of cannabinoid CB1 receptors in the Vc the injury of the infraorbital branch of the trigeminal nerve (ION-CCI). CB1 receptor antagonist AM 251 was applied to observe its effect on the analgesic effect of Yanhusuo.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Administration of dl-THP (2 mg/kg) intraperitoneally increased the response threshold and the cut-off threshold to the mechanical stimulation in ION-CCI rat models. ION-CCI induced an upregulation of cannabinoid CB1 receptors within the ipsilateral of Vc. The effect of Yanhusuo was antagonized by the application of AM 251.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The analgesic effect of Yanhusuo involves the participation of CB1 receptors, suggesting that Yanhusuo may offer a useful therapeutic approach for trigeminal neuropathic pain.</p>

Effect of Acupuncture on Leptin Receptor Gene Expression in Arcuate Nucleus of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To study the relationships among leptin, leptin receptor (OB-R) gene in arcuate nucleus and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the effect of acupuncture on them. Methods Obese rats due to diet were injected in abdomen with small dosage streptozotocin to induce type 2 diabetes mellitus model, and were divided into acupuncture, glibenclamide and model group. Normal rats were in control. After treatment for 4 weeks, fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting insulin (FINS), leptin, OB-R mRNA expression in arcuate nucleus were evaluated. Height, weight were measured and Lee's index were calculated before and after treatment. Results The FBS and FINS were higher in model group ［(15.79±1.87) mmol/L, (37.20±3.92) mIU/L］ than in control ［(5.16±0.13) mmol/L, (23.57±1.63) mIU/L］, but decreased in acupuncture group ［(5.46±0.20) mmol/L, (20.87±1.80) mIU/L］ and glibenclamide group ［(5.26±0.13) mmol/L, (28.10±1.86) mIU/L］. Leptin was lower in model ［(0.95±0.15) ng/ml］ than in control ［(1.32±0.15) ng/ml］, but was higher in glibenclamide group ［(1.83±0.23) ng/ml］ than in control. Weight and Lee's index decreased in model, acupuncture and glibenclamide groups after treatment. OB-R mRNA expression in arcuate nucleus in model wasn't different from control, acupuncture or glibenclamide group, nor between acupuncture and control, but was lower in glibenclamide group than in control. Conclusion Leptin decreased in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats when they became thin. Leptin resistance appears when treated with glibenclamide. Acupuncture may improve the OB-R mRNA expression in arcuate nucleus to some extent.

Relationship between lupus headache and headache due to internal injury in traditional Chinese medicine / 中西医结合学报

In 1999, the nomenclature and case definitions for neuropsychiatric lupus syndromes were published by American College of Rheumatology (ACR), and the cognition of neuropsychiatric damage of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was gradually unified and standardized. Lupus headache is an intractable problem in SLE, especially in SLE patients complicated with multiple organ injury. In general, vascular headache is common in most SLE patients, and a small number of SLE patients complicated with nervous headache are found in clinic. Moreover, its pathophysiological mechanism is far from being understood. Although early diagnosis is essential for good outcomes, the diagnosis method is rather confused in the world. There still exist some limitations in the proposal of clinical classification of headache from ACR and International Headache Society (IHS), and the proposal does not mention the classification of headache related to psychiatric damage. Current therapeutic regimens are almost exclusively based on empirical evidence. Treatment approaches include symptomatic treatment, immunosuppressive, anticoagulant and anti-aggregant therapies. It provides enormous and hopeful space in research of combined therapy strategy, especially in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. The authors discussed the relationship between lupus headache and headache due to internal injury in the view of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, and suggested that the treatment strategy for lupus headache should be made in argument with the headache due to internal injury. Syndrome differentiation treatment according to deficiency in the root and excess in the branch and the therapy for activating blood to dredge collaterals maybe have great advantages in treatment of the headache in SLE.

Quantitative evaluation on the effect of Lujiao prescription on cardiac function of patients with congestive heart failure / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Congestive heart failure (CHF) is the clinical syndrome of all kinds of heart disease on the serious or final stage. About half of patients with organic heart disease will have heart failure that has a high incidence rate and mortality. The survival of heart failure was inferior to that of malignant tumor.OBJECTIVE: To confirm the clinical effect of Lujiao prescription on CHF and elucidate its possible mechanism.DESIGN: A control observation on CHF patients.SETTING: Department of Cardiovasology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 60 patients with CHF were selected from the department of cardiovasology in Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 1996 to December 1998. There were 31 male and 29 female. Included criteria: ①All of patients were consistent with Framinham diagnostic criteria. ② Above Ⅲ degree by New York Heart Association(NYHA). ③ Three months case history. ④Accept quantity sufficient diuretic and vasodilating agent (exclude angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ). ⑤ Left ventricle hypertrophy was proved by echocardiogram or chest X-ray. ⑥ Differentiation of symptoms and signs of Traditional Chinese Medicine refers to asthenia syndrome of differentiation of symptoms and signs of Traditional Chinese Medicine (1986, Researching Association of Chinese integrated medicine) General state of health and basic disease of the patients in the two groups were not significant deviation.METHODS: 60 patient s of CHF were randomly divided into Lujiao prescription group(n=40) and Digoxin group (n=20) at the rate of 2:1. Lujiao prescription group: Orally liquid decoction of Lujiao Prescription 35 mL (1 mL contain crude drug 1.6 g) Bid. po. Course of treatment: 4 weeks. Digoxin group: Digoxin tablet, 0.125-0.25 mg, qd. po. course of treatment: 4 weeks.After 4-week treatment, the patients' clinical effect, integrals of the symptoms of renal deficiency, classification of function capacity of the NYHA,Lee's heart failure score, heart rate(HR), myocardium oxygen consumption (MOC), proportion of heart to chest, echocardiogram, measurement of plasma angitention Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ ) and plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) were observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① The total clinic effective rate. ②Integrals of the symptoms of renal deficiency. ③ Classification of function capacity of the NYHA. ④ Lee's heart failure score. ⑤HR and MOC. ⑥The proportion of heart to chest. ⑦ Ejection fraction(EF), cardic output (CO), interventricular septal thickness (IVST), posterior wall thickness (PWT) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) through echocardiogram. ⑧The measurement of plasma Ang Ⅱ and plasma ANF.RESULTS:Totauy 60 patients entered the final analysis. ① The total clinical effective rate of the Lujiao prescription group was 90 %, which showed no significant difference from the Digoxin group (90 %, P ＞ 0.05).② Improvement was significantly observed in the integrals of the symptom of renal deficiency of the patients in the Lujiao prescription group after treatment (P ＜ 0.01), but which was not significant in the Digoxin group(P＞ 0.05). ③ It was found that classification of functional capacity of NYHA between Lujiao prescription group and Digoxin group after treatment was obviously decreased (P ＜ 0.01). ④ Lee's heart failure score of patients in Lujiao prescription group and Digoxin group after treatment was decreased (P ＜ 0.01). ⑤Myocardium oxygen consumption and HR of the patients in the Lujiao prescription group and Digoxin group after treatment was decreased (P ＜ 0.01). ⑥ The proportion of heart to chest between Lujiao prescription group and Digoxin group after treatment was decreased (P ＜ 0.01).⑦ EF and CO were increased by Lujiao prescription and by Digoxin (P＜ 0.01,vs pretreatment, respectively). IVST, PWT, LVMI of Lujiao prescription group after treatment were obviously decreased (P ＜ 0.01), while those of the Digoxin group were not obviously decreased (P ＞ 0.05). ⑧ Thlevel of plasma Ang Ⅱ of the patients in the Lujiao prescription group after treatment were obviously decreased (P ＜ 0.01), while that of the Digoxin group were not obviously decreased (P ＞ 0.05). The level of plasma ANF was decreased by Lujiao prescription and by digoxin(P ＜ 0.01, vs pretreatment, respectively).CONCLUSION: There is increasing cardiac constriction power and regressing left ventricular hypertrophy of patients with CHF by Lujiao prescription. The therapeutical effect of Lujiao prescription for CHF is better than that of Digoxin. The effect may be related to the regulation of circular or local endocrine(plasma Ang Ⅱ and ANF) disorder.

Effect of Lujiao prescription on the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with congestive heart failure / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an important ring-joint of congestive heart failure (CHF). It is also considered to be independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease, so how to reverse or relieve LVH is valuable to cure CHF.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Lujiao prescription on degree of LVH in patients with CHF.DESIGN: A random-control observation on CHF patients.SETTING: Department of Cardiovasology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 20 patients with CHF were selected from the Special Clinic and Department of Cardiovasology in Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 1996 to December 1998. All of them were consistent with the Framirham diagnostic criteria and following standardizations: ①above Ⅲ degree of cardiac functional grading by New York Heart Association (NYHA);②over 3 months case history;③accepted basic treatment of quantity sufficient diuretic and vasodilating agent excluding angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI);LVH was proved by echocardiogram or chest X-ray. They were informed of treatment items and consented.METHODS: According to random lot, the patients were divided into Lujiao prescription group and Digoxin group, each containing 10 patients.①Oral administrations of Lujiao prescription (35 mL, two times per day, produced by Shanghai Shuguang Hospital) and Digoxin (0.125-0.25 mg per tablet, batch number: 970757, once daily) were given in the corresponding groups, and the treatment duration was 3 months. After treatment, all the patients were detected in①NYHA cardiac functional grading; ②interventricular septal thickness (IVST) and posterior wall thickness (PWT) in diastolic phase through echocardiogram, myocardium weight of left ventricular by Devereux formula, left ventricular mass index (LVMI) corrected by bodysurface area, and degree of LVH;③the level of plasma angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ ) by radioactive immunoassay.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: NYHA cardiac functional grading, e-chocardiogram (IVST, PWT, LVMI, degree of LVH), the level of plasma Ang Ⅱ.RFSULTS: All 20 adopted patients entered the result analysis.①The classification of NYHA cardiac functional grading ( Ⅰ , Ⅱ ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ) were respectively 2, 5, 3, 0 case in Lujiao prescription group and 2, 4, 4, 0 case in Digoxin group after treatment, and difference was significant compared with those before treatment (0, 0, 7, 3, P ＜ 0.05).②IVST, PWT and LVMI of Lujiao prescription group were obviously decreased after treatment [(11.20±0.42), (12.10±0.32) mm, P ＜ 0.01; (10.60±0.84), (11.40±1.10) mm,P ＜ 0.01; (139.4±12.4), (155.3±15.4) g/m2, P ＜ 0.01], while those of the Digoxin group were untouched (P ＞ 0.05). The degree of LVH of Lujiao prescription group after treatment was obviously decreased [normal, mild,moderate, sever: 2, 6, 2, 0; 0, 3, 4, 3, P ＜ 0.01], while that of the Digoxin group was not obviously decreased (P ＞ 0.05).③)The level of plasma Ang Ⅱin the Lujiao prescription group was obviously decreased [(97.7±19.5),(144.0±18.5) ng/L, P ＜ 0.01], while that of the Digoxin group was not obviously increased (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Lujiao prescription can reverse or relieve the degree of LVH in patients with CHF.

Reversing effect of captopril on left ventricular remodeling in rats with increased pressure load / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Pressure overload can lead to the activation of reninangiotensin-aldosterone system, and then left ventricular remodeling occurs.Captopril can reverse this progress.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of captopril in reversing left ventricular remodeling in rats with pressure overload and to elucidate its possible mechanism.DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial.SETTING: Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Nanjing General Hospital () Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA; Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Postdoctor Institute of Hebei Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in the Laboratory of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 1998 and October 1998. Totally 153 male Wistar rats were recruited.There were 5 experiments, 36 rats in each experiment except 9 rats in the fourth one.METHODS: A total of 36 Wistar male rats selected for each experiment were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group and captopril group. Rats in model group received modeling for 4 weeks, then gastric perfusion with 15 mL/kg of distilled water once per day for 4 consecutive weeks. Abdominal aorta of the rats in sham-operation group were separated without closure by sliver clip, then 4 weeks later the procedure was the same as that in model group. In captopril group, 4 weeks after modeling, the rats were performed gastric perfusion with diluted captopril of 100 mg/kg, once a day for 4 consecutive weeks.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The effect of captopril on left ventricular mass index (LVMI), mRNA expression of collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ, content of plasma angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ ) and left ventricular tissue Ang Ⅱ,plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), and serum aldosterone (ALD) level.RESULTS: Totally 153 rats entered the result analysis. During the test for detecting the absorbance (A) of collagen type Ⅰ, 3 rats in sham operation group and 3 in captopril group died, and 1 rat died in model group; finally 29 rats were involved. During the test for detecting the absorbance (A) of collagen type Ⅲ, 3 rats died in sham operation group, 4 rats diedin model group, and 2 rats died in captopril group; finally 27 rats were involved. All in sham operation group and captopril group was lower than that in model group [(2.24±0.12)/1 000, (2.67±0.40)/1 000, (3.15±0.47)/1 000, t=2.649,cantly lower in sham operation group and captopril group than in model group [(0.57±0.19, 0.86±0.25, 2.79±2.00), t=3.661, 3.170, P ＜ 0.01, 0.05].operation group and captopril group than in model group [(0.48±0.10,sion of mRNA of collagen type Ⅰ: It was significantly lower in sham operation group and captopril group than in model group [(79.1 ±18.6)%,plasma Ang Ⅱ content: It was significantly lower in sham-operation group and captopril group than in model group [(130.2±30.2),(137.6±39.5),was significantly lower in sham operation group and captopril group than in model group [(170.6±51.6), (202.5±64.2), (339.3±115.4) μg/L, t=4.623,P ＜ 0.01].type Ⅲ and mRNA expression in rats with pressure overload, suggesting its captopril on left ventricular remodeling might be related to decreasing circulating or local Ang Ⅱ level, plasma ANF and serum aldosterone as well as affecting the expression of collagen type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ mRNA.

Regulations of acupuncture on hepatic tissue IRS2 gene expression in type 2 diabetes rats / 中华中医药杂志

Objective:To study the relationship between hepatic tissue insulin receptor substrate 2(IRS2) gene and type 2 diabetes,and the regulation of acupuncture on IRS2 gene expression of hepatic tissue in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) rats.Methods:Obese rats due to diet were injected in abdomen with small dose streptozotocin(STZ) to induce T2DM.Then these T2DM rats were stochastically divided into acupuncture group,Glibenclamide group and model group.After 4 weeks treatment,fasting blood sugar(FBS) was examined with active blood sugar meter,fasting insulin(FINS) was examined by radioimmunoassav,hepatic tissue IRS2mRNA was evaluated in real-time RT PCR,and normal rats were in control.Results:Serum levels of FBS(15.79?1.87) and FINS(37.20?3.92) in model group were higher than those in normal group(5.16?0.13,23.57?1.63),serum levels of FBS(5.46?0.20) and FINS(20.87?1.80) in acupuncture group were obviously lower than those in model group,which were similar to normal group.FBS(5.26?0.13) reduced obviously and serum FINS(28.10?1.86) reduced in some degree in Glibenclamide group compared with model.Relative contents of IRS2mRNA in model group were 2.19 folds compared with that in normal group.And in Glyburide group it was 4.59 folds compared with that in normal group.In acupuncture group it was 4.04% of that in the normal group.Conclusion:Abnormal hepatic tissue IRS2 mRNA expression may be one of pathogenesis of T2DM.Acupuncture can obviously depress hepatic tissue IRS2 mRNA expression,but Glibenclamide can not.

Traditional Chinese medicine:The more national,the more international / 医学研究生学报

The Traditional Chinese Medicine is one system of medical theory and practice which combine literae humaniores with natural science.The TCM is the sapiential result of Chinese people against disease during long history which bases on traditional Chinese culture.In order to understand the advantages and features of TCM,it is necessary for us to start from the point of Chinese science and culture.The more national it is,the more international it is.We should avoid overlooking succession to tradition of TCM while pursue modernization of TCM.The cases have shown that the ancient TCM could brilliant in clinic application,makes the past serve the present and makes foreign things serve China are the most important method in modernization of TCM.TCM has scientism,the main way of the modernization of TCM is literae humaniores,which is not equal to TCM scientific. We should not only stress modernization of TCM reasonably,but also include in the modernization of literae humaniores.We should adopt advantages and face challenges,and form a new situation of multiplicate study and develope of TCM.