Research progress on antibacterial activity of herbal volatile oil / 中国中药杂志

Due to worldwide abuse of chemical antibiotics and continuous emergence of "superbugs", the harm of bacterial drug resistance to human beings has become more and more serious. Therefore, it is of great significance to look for green antibiotics with a wide range of sources, broad antibacterial spectrum, non-toxicity or low toxicity, environmentally friendliness, diverse active components and low drug resistance. The volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicine is a kind of volatile oily liquid that exists in plants and can be distilled with steam and immiscible with water. Because of its good potential to resist drug-resistant pathogens, it is widely used in food, medicine and other fields. This paper summarized the antibacterial advantages and characteristics of volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicine, and the antibacterial effect and antibacterial mechanism of combined application of volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicine, in order to provide some theoretical basis and study ideas for solving the problem of bacterial drug resistance and developing natural and green antibiotics.

Data Mining of Caryophylli Fols-containing Formula and Analysis of Its Mechanism in Treatment of Diarrhea / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:Based on database mining， the high-frequency compatibility of Caryophylli Fols as the core in formulas for treating diarrhea was analyzed， and the network pharmacology was used to elucidate the mechanism of the core drug group containing Caryophylli Fols in the treatment of diarrhea. Method:The online database of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） was intelligently crawled by Python 3.8.1 programming， and the compatibility rules of Caryophylli Fols were analyzed， and the TCM with support≥0.30， confidence≥0.90 and lift≥1.00 was set as the core drug group of Caryophylli Fols. The components were searched and screened by TCM Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP）， and the disease targets were collected in Therapeutic Target Datebase （TTD）， GeneCards and DisGeNET database with "Diarrhea" as the key word. The network diagram of "TCM-ingredients-potential targets" was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.1 software， and the network of protein-protein interaction （PPI） was constructed by STRING 11.0. Gene Ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） enrichment analysis of potential targets was analyzed by R language， and the components of the core drug group were preliminarily verified and evaluated by Discovery Studio Client 2016 software. Result:A total of 155 formulas containing Caryophylli Fols for treating diarrhea were screened， involving 54 TCMs. The analysis of association rules showed that Caryophylli Fols was strongly associated with Myristicae Semen， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Aucklandiae Radix and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma in the treatment of diarrhea. The core drug group composed of these five TCMs involved 119 kinds of TCM ingredients and 114 potential targets， of which 104 potential targets were distributed in the nervous system， and the key targets were tumor protein p53 （TP53）， transcription factor activator protein-1 （JUN）， mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 （MAPK8）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， 90 kDa heat shock protein <italic>α</italic>A1 （HSP90AA1） and so on. GO enrichment analysis mainly involved biological processes such as the regulation of neurotransmitter levels， blood circulation， hormone-mediated signal pathway and regulation of chemical synaptic transmission. IL-17 signal pathway， helper T cell 17 （Th17） cell differentiation， epidermal growth factor receptor and salmonella infection in KEGG pathways were closely related to the treatment of diarrhea. Molecular docking showed that the key target protein had high affinity with quercetin， kaempferol and <italic>β</italic>-sitosterol. Conclusion:The multi-components， multi-targets and multi-pathways involved in the core drug group of Caryophylli Fols are closely related to inflammation and nervous system， so it is speculated that it may treat diarrhea by repairing intestinal shielding integrity and regulating the levels of neurotransmitters.

Network pharmacology research on high frequency use of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Aucklandiae Radix herb pair in treatment of constipation with aromatic traditional Chinese medicine based on data mining / 中国中药杂志

Based on data mining and through the method of network pharmacology, we analyzed the mechanism of high-frequency use of herb pair in the treatment of constipation with aromatic traditional Chinese medicine in this study. Through data mining, aromatic traditional Chinese medicine was obtained for the treatment of constipation and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Aucklandiae Radix herb pair was used as the research object. The volatile oil from Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Aucklandiae Radix was extracted by steam distillation, and the chemical compositions of the volatile oil were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). The targets of volatile oil from Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Aucklandiae Radix were searched by PubChem, TCMSP, STITCH and Swiss Target Prediction databases. The targets of constipation were predicted and screened in OMIM, Genecards-Search Resuits and TTD databases. The obtained targets were introduced into Cytoscape 3.7.1 to construct protein-protein interaction(PPI) network diagram for GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis by using R language. The network diagram of "component-target-pathway" was constructed according to the results of KEGG enrichment. Discovery Studio 2.5 software was used to verify the molecular docking between the components and the targets. Among them, the most frequently used pair of aromatic traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of constipation was Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Aucklandiae Radix. A total of 33 compounds were detected by GC-MS, and a total of 180 common action targets of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Aucklandiae Radix on volatile oil in the treatment of constipation were predicted. The key targets included CYP19 A1, PPARA, PGR, ACHE, SLC6 A2 and so on. GO enrichment analysis showed that the activities of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Aucklandiae Radix on volatile oil were mainly involved in the biological processes such as circulatory system, blood circulation, and steroid hormone binding. In KEGG enrichment pathway, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, endocrine resistance, Ca~(2+) signal pathway and IL-17 signaling pathway showed significant effect on constipation. The results of molecular docking showed that PGR, the target protein related to the treatment of constipation, had a good binding with gamma-linolenic acid, dihydro-alpha-ionone, alpha-eudesmol, caryophyllene oxide and beta-ionone. The results show that by using data mining technology and network pharmacology, it is revealed that the active components of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Aucklandiae volatile oil in high frequency use of aromatic traditional Chinese medicine can be used totreat constipation mainly through CYP19 A1, PPARA, PGR, ACHE, SLC6 A2 and other targets, providing a new idea and method for the further study of aromatic traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of constipation.

Research status and prospect of herbal volatile oil in prevention and treatment of emotional diseases / 中草药

Volatile oil is the representative effective component of aromatic Chinese materia medica (CMM), which has pharmacological activities such as anti-anxiety, antidepressant, sedative and neuroprotective effects. They can regulate people’s mood through olfactory, skin and other ways of administration, play a role in regulating consciousness, and have unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of emotional diseases such as depression, anxiety, insomnia and so on. As a unique health service resource, it can also play an auxiliary role in the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of other physical and mental diseases. However, at present, there are some problems, such as weak basic research, lack of effective and high-quality preparations and products. In this paper, the relevant research literature is summarized, the administration route, efficacy and action mechanism are systematically combed, the existing problems are analyzed and the countermeasures are put forward, so as to provide reference for its in-depth research, further development and utilization.

Current situations and problem analysis of influencing factors of traditional Chinese medicine tablets on forming quality / 中国中药杂志

The compressibility of tablets is the essential operating unit during the preparation of traditional Chinese medicine tablets, as well as a complicated process. Therefore, it is of great significance to comprehensively study the influencing factors on the formation process. This paper aimed to review the evaluation methods for the tablet forming quality and highlight the effects of material powder properties, excipients and preparation technology on the quality of traditional Chinese medicine tablets on the basis of relevant literatures. Furthermore, the common problems in tablet forming process are also analyzed to provide useful references for the development of tablet forming quality of traditional Chinese medicines.

Comparative research on computer simulation of two different therapeutic principles and formulae for osteoarthritis / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the effect of reinforcing Shen method (RSM) and activating blood method (ABM) in treating osteoarthritis (OA) at the molecular level.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The physical and chemical characteristics of components from respective recipes of RSM and ABM, and network features of component-target interaction network were analyzed by computer simulation methods including chemical space, molecular docking, and biological network, etc.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The chemical components of RSM and ABM were scarcely scattered with larger overlapping. Among established networks, the distribution of network features was partially similar in RSM and ABM. The average target number correlated with each component was 1.86 in RSM and 2.11 in ABM respectively. Each average target number was respectively correlated with 4.46 compounds and 3.93 compounds, reflecting multi-component and multi-target actions.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Computer simulation could intuitively trace out similarities and differences of two different methods and their interaction with targets, which revealed that the compatibility of RSM and ABM could have broader protein targets and potential synergism at the molecular level.</p>

Effect of water extracts from duhuo jisheng decoction on expression of chondrocyte G1 phase regulator mRNA / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of water extracts from Duhuo Jisheng decoction on chondrocyte G1 phase.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chondrocytes were collected from four-week-old SD rats to establish the chondrocyte in vitro culture system. The third generation of chondrocytes was intervened. MTT method was used to measure the effect of water extracts from different concentrations of Duhuo Jisheng decoction on chondrocyte activity. The expressions of Chondrocyte Cyclin D1, CDK4, CDK6 and P21 mRNA in the blank group and low, middle and high-dose groups (100, 200, 400 mg x L(-1)) were detected by RT-PCR method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The MTT assay showed that the chondrocyte activity significantly increased within specific drug concentrations (50-800 mg x L(-1)) (P < 0.01); After the intervention for 24 h, the expressions of CyclinD1, CDK4 and CDK6 mRNA in all dose groups notably increased (P < 0.05), with the maximum expressions at the concentration of 200 mg x L(-1); The expression of P21 mRNA decreased, particularly at the concentration of 200 mg x L(-1) (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Water extracts from Duhuo Jisheng decoction can promote chondrocyte proliferation by effecting the expression of chondrocyte G1 phase regulator mRNA.</p>

Identification of the structure of two new nitro group phenolic glycosides from Schisandra propinqua (Wall. ) Baill var. intermidia A. C. Smith / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the bioactive components from Schisandra propinqua (Wall.) Baill var. intermidia A. C. Smith.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Compounds were separated with a combination of multichromatography. Their chemical structures were determined on the basis of spectral analysis and chemical evidence.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seven compounds were isolated from the leaves of Helicia nilagirica. The structures were elucidated as 6'-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosylthalictoside (1), 6'-O-beta-D-apiofuranosylthalictoside (2), thalictoside (3), icariside D2 (4), prinsepiol (5), (+)-1-hydroxypinoresinol (6) and (+)-medioresinol (7).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Two compounds are new nitro phenolic glycosides.</p>

Structure identification of two new cerebrosides from Helicia nilagirica Beed / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the bioactive components from Helicia nilagirica.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Compounds were separated with a combination of multi-chromatography. Their chemical structures were determined on the basis of spectral analysis and chemical evidence.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two compounds were isolated from the leaves of Helicia nilagirica. Compound 1 was elucidated as 1-O-3-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3S,4R,8Z)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hyd roxylignocenoyl-amino]-8-octadecene-1, 3, 4-triol. Compound 2 was an analogue of 1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The two compounds are new cerebrosides.</p>