Thoughts and suggestions on ecological cultivation of Gastrodia elata / 中国中药杂志

Due to the special biological characteristics, Gastrodia elata suffers from high resource consumption and low utilization rate in modern agricultural production, which significantly block the green and healthy development of this industry. Based on the theory and technology in ecological cultivation of Chinese medicinal materials, this study analyzed the challenges in ecological cultivation of G. elata, such as waste of fungus material, a few cultivation modes available, continuous cropping obstacles, frequent occurrence of diseases, and poor stability of ecological structure. According to the production practice, the following suggestions were proposed for ecological cultivation of G. elata: following the principle of environmental protection and no pollution, selecting suitable habitats to yield high-quality medicinal materials, committing to green control of diseases and pests, upgrading industrial structure to maximize the benefits, establishing a sound mechanism for protecting the genetic diversity of wild G. elata, carrying out simulative habitat cultivation to improve medicinal material quality, adopting science-based planning of fungus resources to relieve forestry pressure, enhancing the recycling and utilization of fungus materials, and applying diversified cultivation modes to improve the stability of ecological structure. The result is expected to provide a reference for the quality development of G. elata industry.

[Bletilla striata ecological planting patterns and technical principle analysis].

Bletilla striata is a shallow-rooted herbaceous plant, which is highly dependent on the planting environment.In order to improve the quality of B.striata effectively and solve the contradiction between the production of traditional Chinese medicine and the ecological environment, a variety of simulated cultivation patterns have been explored in various producing areas. Through field investigation and literature collation, this paper sorted out 24 sets of simulated cultivation modes of B.striata, including 4 kinds of sub-forest imitative wild planting techniques, 10 kinds of B.striata-economic forest cooperative development mode, 14 kinds of intercropping techniques of B.striata and 1 kind of ecological rotation technique of B.striata-edible fungi under economic forest. Combining economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit, the advantages and disadvantages of these planting patterns were compared. The ecological principles of B.striata simulative cultivation are analyzed in detail, as follows:(1) the wild cultivation of B.striata simulative cultivation under forest is to utilize the complementary principle of land resources under forest and spatial light and heat resources, and carry out the compound cultivation of cultivating forest with medicine and growing with short growth;(2) the intercropping of B.striata makes full use of the difference in height and height of the two plants to meet their needs for light, humidity and ventilation, reduce the cost of shading and weeding, improve the risk-resistant ability of Chinese medicinal materials cultivation, and increase the utilization rate of land, and give consideration to the benefits of both length and length;(3) the ecological rotation technology of "B.striata-edible fungi" in economic forests is to realize the effective utilization of waste bacteria and residues according to the mutually beneficial relationship between B.striata and edible fungi. The promotion and optimization of B.striata imitated wild cultivation technology will further promote the sustainable development of B.striata industry.

Technical evaluation and principle analysis of simulative habitat cultivation of Dendrobium nobile / 中国中药杂志

The technique of "simulative habitat cultivation" is to preserve the quality of traditional Chinese medicine by simulating the original habitat and site environment of wild Chinese medicine resources. Dendrobium nobile is the most representative variety of traditional Chinese medicine which reflects the coordinated development of medicinal material production and ecological environment. In this paper, the main technical points of the simulated cultivation model of D. nobile were summarized as follows: rapid propagation of seedling tissue technology to ensure the genetic stability of provenance; line card+fermented cow manure+live moss method to improve the survival rate; epiphytic stone cultivation to improve the quality of medicinal materials; and the integration of mycorrhizal fungi to improve the quality stability of medicinal materials. On the basis of summarizing the ecological benefits, economical and social benefits generated by the application of the technology, the paper systematically analyzes the principle of the technology for the cultivation of D. nobile to promote the excellent quality, the light, gas, heat and fertilizer resources of the undergrowth niche are in line with the wild site environment of D. nobile. The rich and complex soil microbial community in the forest laid the foundation for the species diversity needed for the growth of D. nobile.The stress effect on the growth of D. nobile resulted in the accumulation of secondary metabolites. The symbiotic relationship between the symbiotic fungi such as bryophytes and D. nobile promotes the synthesis of plant secondary metabolites. The high quality D. nobile was produced efficiently by improving and optimizing the cultivation techniques.

Analysis of ecological recycling modes for Gastrodia elata cultivation / 中国中药杂志

Gastrodia elata is a kind of precious traditional Chinese medicine. In artificial cultivation, it has not got rid of its dependence on forest resources. In order to maintain the balance of the ecological system and reduce the waste of resources as much as possible, based on the information from field investigation at many places, this paper introduced the new ecological circulation planting patterns of G. elata, such as "forest-G. elata" supporting planting, G. elata-edible mushroom rotation, forest-G. elata-edible mushroom three-dimensional planting, fungus material classification planting technology, and so on. In this paper, we expounded the ecological problems solved by several planting patterns in G. elata production and analyzed their shortcomings. Finally, based on the exis-ting models, a complete ecological planting system of G. elata was summarized. This planting system emphasizes: ① The follow-up forests should be started before the planting of G. elata. And the economic forests were used to cultivation of G. elata. ② The classified utilization of fungus-growing materials. The leaves were used to cultivate germination bacteria of G. elata, the small branches were used to cultivate protocorm and juvenile tuber, the large branches were used to cultivate immature tuber, and the tree trunk was used to cultivate mature tuber. ③ Recycle utilization G. elata fungus material. The old fungus materials were used to produce strains or cultivate edible fungus. This design project not only solves the problems of the source of G. elata fungus material, the efficient utilization of fungus material and land resources, but also enriches the industrial structure. Using limited time and land resources to obtain greater economic benefits. It has certain guiding significance for poverty alleviation and ecological improvement.