ABSTRACT
Thirty-two patients with severe biliary tract infections (cholecystitis and cholangitis) were treated with ciprofloxacin intravenously followed by oral ciprofloxacin. Complete clinical and bacteriological cure has been observed in 28 out of 32 patients and therapy failure occurred in four patients. Overall, no major adverse effects were encountered. These data suggest that intravenous ciprofloxacin followed by oral administration is an effective and safe agent for the therapy of severe biliary tract infections.
Subject(s)
Cholangitis/drug therapy , Cholecystitis/drug therapy , Ciprofloxacin/therapeutic use , Acute Disease , Administration, Oral , Adult , Aged , Cholangitis/blood , Cholangitis/microbiology , Cholecystitis/blood , Cholecystitis/microbiology , Ciprofloxacin/administration & dosage , Female , Humans , Infusions, Intravenous , Male , Middle Aged , Recurrence , Severity of Illness Index , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Single-dose antibiotic therapy for uncomplicated infection of the lower urinary tract (UTI) in women has resulted in high success rates. Ciprofloxacin, like other new quinolones, has shown good in vitro activity against the pathogens most frequently encountered in UTI, high concentrations in the urine and is well tolerated. The present report describes a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of two single-dose regimens of ciprofloxacin in women with lower UTI. Thirty-six women received 250 mg and forty-two received 500 mg of ciprofloxacin as a single dose. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated pathogen in both groups (forty-eight patients). Clinical and bacteriological cures were attained in 81% and 93% of the 250 mg and 500 mg dose groups, respectively, 7 days after treatment. Follow-up at 4 weeks after completion of treatment disclosed that the clinical cure rate was 62% and 79% respectively. Ciprofloxacin was well tolerated. This study shows that a single dose of ciprofloxacin is an effective and safe treatment of uncomplicated UTI. Although the cure rates were higher with a single dose of 500 mg, further studies are needed for assessment to determine the optimal dose.
Subject(s)
Ciprofloxacin/administration & dosage , Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Adult , Ciprofloxacin/therapeutic use , Double-Blind Method , Drug Administration Schedule , Female , Humans , Middle AgedABSTRACT
The effects and safety of using sublingually nifedipine 10-20 mg as acute antihypertensive treatment were evaluated in 108 patients with hypertensive emergencies or urgency without intensive care monitoring. Before treatment, mean systolic blood pressure was 220 +/- 28 mmHg, mean diastolic blood pressure was 125 +/- 15 mmHg and mean arterial pressure was 155 +/- 14 mmHg. Administration of 10 mg of sublingual nifedipine reduced the blood pressure within 10 min and produced a peak effect level between 30 to 40 min. Blood pressure decreased significantly to a mean 155 +/- 20 and 92 +/- 14 mmHg systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively. Minimal adverse effects was observed. Five patients, required additional therapy with other antihypertensive drugs. Heart rate increased from 74 +/- 10 to 84 +/- 10 beats per min. The response to nifedipine correlated with the blood pressure value prior to treatment, but did not correlate with age or the type of hypertensive emergency. These results indicate that nifedipine administered sublingually is a simple, effective, and safe agent for treating hypertensive emergencies, especially for the patients in whom intensive care monitoring cannot be guaranteed.