ABSTRACT
Using rat and mouse models of neurogenic, ethanol-induced, and indometacin-induced damage to the gastric mucosa we demonstrated that course preventive treatment with flavonoid complex from aerial parts of Lychnis chalcedonica L. increased the resistance of gastric mucosa to ulcerogenic factors of different etiology. The gastroprotective effect of the phytocomplex in a dose range of 16-1600 µg/kg was comparable with that of the reference drug plantaglucide and was superior to that of the reference drugs eleutherococcus extract and methyluracil in the therapeutic doses. The antiulcerogenic activity of Lychnis chalcedonica flavonoid complex considerably exceeded activity of Lychnis chalcedonica L. extract demonstrated in our previous experiments.
Subject(s)
Anti-Ulcer Agents/therapeutic use , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Stomach Ulcer/drug therapy , Animals , Animals, Outbred Strains , Anti-Ulcer Agents/isolation & purification , Anti-Ulcer Agents/pharmacology , Cytoprotection/drug effects , Disease Models, Animal , Ethanol , Flavonoids/isolation & purification , Flavonoids/pharmacology , Flavonoids/therapeutic use , Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Indomethacin , Lychnis/chemistry , Male , Mice , Neurogenic Inflammation/drug therapy , Neurogenic Inflammation/pathology , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Silene , Stomach Ulcer/chemically induced , Stomach Ulcer/pathologyABSTRACT
Myelotoxicity is a serious side effect of anticancer drugs. The search for drugs that can reduce the hematological complications of chemotherapy through modulation of hematopoietic stem cells is an urgent task of oncopharmacology. In the present study we showed that administration of Tussilago farfara L. polysaccharides to C57BL/6 mice treated with cyclophosphamide can increase the number of hematopoietic stem cells (CD117+34+) in the bone marrow.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/toxicity , Bone Marrow Cells/drug effects , Bone Marrow/drug effects , Cyclophosphamide/antagonists & inhibitors , Hematopoietic Stem Cells/drug effects , Polysaccharides/pharmacology , Tussilago/chemistry , Animals , Antigens, CD34/genetics , Antigens, CD34/immunology , Biomarkers/metabolism , Bone Marrow/immunology , Bone Marrow Cells/cytology , Bone Marrow Cells/immunology , Cell Count , Cyclophosphamide/toxicity , Female , Gene Expression , Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology , Hematopoietic Stem Cells/immunology , Immunophenotyping , Injections, Intraperitoneal , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Polysaccharides/isolation & purification , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/genetics , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/immunologyABSTRACT
Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the complex of flavonoids from Lychnis chalcedonica L. were studied in the models of acute aseptic inflammation induced by carrageenan, histamine, and serotonin and acetic acid-induced painful chemical stimulation. It is demonstrated that course treatment with flavonoids derived from Lychnis chalcedonica L. produced a stable pharmacological effect comparable with that of the reference anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac.
Subject(s)
Analgesics/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Carrageenan/toxicity , Flavonoids/therapeutic use , Inflammation/drug therapy , Lychnis/chemistry , Acetic Acid/toxicity , Animals , Diclofenac/therapeutic use , Female , Histamine/toxicity , Inflammation/chemically induced , Male , Mice , Serotonin/toxicityABSTRACT
Gastroprotective effect of Cichorium intybus L. root extract is demonstrated on H. Shay's model of experimental ulcer in rats. The effect is attributed to the antisecretory activity of the plant and stimulation of defense barrier function of the gastric mucosa. The regulatory effect of the phytocomplex on seasonal characteristics of the gastric secretory and defense functions in dogs with Basov's fistula is detected.
Subject(s)
Anti-Ulcer Agents/pharmacology , Cichorium intybus/chemistry , Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Stomach Ulcer/drug therapy , Animals , Anti-Ulcer Agents/isolation & purification , Carbachol/pharmacology , Dogs , Famotidine/pharmacology , Female , Gastric Fistula , Gastric Juice/chemistry , Gastric Juice/drug effects , Gastric Juice/metabolism , Gastric Mucosa/metabolism , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Male , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plant Roots/chemistry , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Seasons , Stomach/drug effects , Stomach/pathology , Stomach Ulcer/pathologyABSTRACT
We studied antiulcer activity of the extracts of ecdysteroid-containing plants of the Caryophyllaceae family: Lychnis chalcedonica L., Silene viridiflora L.Sp.Pl., and Silene frivaldszkyana Hampe. Experiments on the model of neurogenic and aspirin-induced ulcerogenesis showed unidirectional and pronounced gastroprotective effects of S. viridiflora and L. chalcedonica extracts comparable to the efficacy of famotidine. In these models, a course of intragastric treatment with the extracts reduced ulcerative lesions of all types.
Subject(s)
Anti-Ulcer Agents/pharmacology , Ecdysteroids/analysis , Lychnis/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Silene/chemistry , Stomach Ulcer/prevention & control , Animals , Ethanol , Female , Mice , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet , Statistics, NonparametricABSTRACT
In vitro experiments showed that calcium pectate added to the culture medium produces a dose-dependent prebiotic effect on lacto-and bifidobacteria cultures and on non-pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli. Calcium pectate produced a pronounced bacteriostatic effect on Candida albicans strain; the effects was more pronounced in a concentration of 4%.
Subject(s)
Pectins/pharmacology , Polysaccharides/pharmacology , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Bifidobacterium/drug effects , Candida albicans/drug effects , Escherichia coli/drug effectsABSTRACT
Antiinflammatory (antiexudative, antiproliferative) activity of calcium pectate was revealed by tests on the mice leg carrageenan-induced edema and cotton-ball granuloma models. It was also established that this polysaccharide produced an anesthetic effect comparable with that of indomethacin on the model of acetate-induced convulsions in mice.
Subject(s)
Anesthetics/pharmacology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology , Edema/drug therapy , Granuloma/drug therapy , Pectins/pharmacology , Animals , Carrageenan/toxicity , Edema/chemically induced , Female , Granuloma/chemically induced , Indomethacin/pharmacology , Mice , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Standard models of experimental ulceration (of neurogenic origin, H. Shay ulcer, indomethacine-, ethanol-, prednisolone-, histamine- and acetate-induced ulcers) were used to demonstrate protective effect of non-starch polysaccharides (potassium alginate, potassium pectate, low-esterified pectin). Potassium pectate proved to be the most efficacious protector. Mechanism of its anti-ulcerative action is attributable to antacidic, cytoprotective, and reparative activity. It appeals to optimally stimulate the motor-evacuation function and, besides, exhibits marked anti-inflammatory activity.
Subject(s)
Alginates/therapeutic use , Biocompatible Materials/therapeutic use , Gastric Emptying/drug effects , Pectins/therapeutic use , Polysaccharides/therapeutic use , Stomach Ulcer/drug therapy , Administration, Oral , Alginates/administration & dosage , Animals , Antidiarrheals/administration & dosage , Antidiarrheals/therapeutic use , Biocompatible Materials/administration & dosage , Disease Models, Animal , Drug Carriers , Female , Glucuronic Acid/administration & dosage , Glucuronic Acid/therapeutic use , Hexuronic Acids/administration & dosage , Hexuronic Acids/therapeutic use , Male , Mice , Pectins/administration & dosage , Polysaccharides/administration & dosage , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Stomach Ulcer/physiopathology , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Calcium pectate has been found to exhibit an antiulcer activity in rats with model of chronic ulcers. Course treatment of the experimental animals with calcium pectate (i) accelerated the repair of experimental damage due to better integrity and higher secretory activity of epithelium and (ii) decreased hemodynamic disorders in surrounding mucous and epithelial membranes. The maximum effect, which was achieved with calcium pectate in a dose of 50 mg/kg, exceeded the action of the reference drug maalox on both 14th and 21st days of experiment.
Subject(s)
Anti-Ulcer Agents/therapeutic use , Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Pectins/therapeutic use , Stomach Ulcer/drug therapy , Acetates , Aluminum Hydroxide/therapeutic use , Animals , Chronic Disease , Disease Models, Animal , Drug Combinations , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Magnesium Hydroxide/therapeutic use , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Stomach Ulcer/chemically induced , Stomach Ulcer/pathologyABSTRACT
Course prophylactic administration and single therapeutic treatment with calcium pectate improved resistance of rat gastroduodenal mucosa to ethanol-induced ulcers, prednisolone-induced ulcers, and H. Shay ulceration of the gastric mucosa.
Subject(s)
Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Pectins/pharmacology , Peptic Ulcer/drug therapy , Animals , Anti-Ulcer Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Ulcer Agents/therapeutic use , Ethanol , Female , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Intestinal Mucosa/drug effects , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Male , Pectins/therapeutic use , Peptic Ulcer/chemically induced , Rats , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Experiments on animals with Lewis lung carcinoma and Ehrlich tumor showed that licorice (glycyrrhiza) extract and glyciram prepared from this plant improved the antitumor effect of cyclophosphamide. Glyciram reduced the toxic effect of the cytostatic on peripheral blood leukocytes. Licorice extract inhibited the growth of Ehrlich tumor and development of metastases in mice with Lewis lung carcinoma. Glyciram administered to mice after removal of Lewis lung carcinoma produced an antimetastatic effect and prevented relapses.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/drug therapy , Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/surgery , Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/drug therapy , Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/surgery , Glycyrrhiza/chemistry , Neoplasm Transplantation , Animals , Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/pathology , Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/pathology , Female , Glycyrrhetinic Acid/therapeutic use , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Mice, Inbred CBA , Neoplasm Metastasis/drug therapy , Plant Extracts/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Both chronic (prophylactic) and single administration of standardized calcium pectate considerably increased the resistance of rat stomach mucous membrane with respect to ulcerogenic factors of various etiology, including immobilized stress, indomethacin, ethanol, prednizolone, and histamine, according to H. Shay's model. The gastroprotective effect of this polysaccharide was comparable with or exceeded the action of famotidine, sea buckthorn oil, and maalox.
Subject(s)
Anti-Ulcer Agents/therapeutic use , Pectins/therapeutic use , Stomach Ulcer/prevention & control , Animals , Female , Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Male , Mice , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Stomach Ulcer/etiology , Stomach Ulcer/pathologyABSTRACT
Experiments on C57LB/6 mice with transplanted Luis lung carcinoma showed that the officinal Echinacea purpurea preparation did not influence the efficacy of cytostatic therapy. This echinacea preparation did not change the development of metastases and even stimulated the tumor growth. In contrast, a hydrophilic polysaccharide complex isolated from echinacea increased the antitumor and antimetastatic activity of cyclophosphamide.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/drug therapy , Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use , Echinacea/chemistry , Polysaccharides/therapeutic use , Animals , Antineoplastic Agents/isolation & purification , Female , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Polysaccharides/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Experiments on mice (both intact and those with reserpine induced gastric ulcers) showed that dry aspen bark (DAB) extract stimulated the motor gastric activity. The DAB preparation produced a moderate purgative effect.
Subject(s)
Intestine, Small/drug effects , Plant Bark/chemistry , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Salicaceae/chemistry , Stomach Ulcer/drug therapy , Animals , Female , Gastrointestinal Tract/drug effects , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred CBA , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Reserpine/toxicity , Stomach Ulcer/chemically inducedABSTRACT
It is established that cichorium root extract therapy leads to normalization of some morphofunctional liver features (decreases glycogen content and cell of necrosis and increases the number of cells with pronounced protein synthesis activity) in rats with CCl4-induced hepatitis.
Subject(s)
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/pathology , Cichorium intybus/chemistry , Liver/drug effects , Liver/pathology , Plant Roots/chemistry , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Animals , Carbon Tetrachloride/toxicity , Disease Models, Animal , Liver/chemistry , Liver Glycogen/analysis , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , RatsABSTRACT
Baikal skullcap extract was introduced into cytostatic therapy of mice with Lewis lung carcinoma. This extract potentiated the antimetastatic effect of cyclophosphamide in mice with grafted tumors. Combined treatment with cyclophosphamide and extract of Baikal skullcap modulated cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells and peritoneal macrophages during tumor growth.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/drug therapy , Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Animals , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology , Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/immunology , Cyclophosphamide/pharmacology , Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic , Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects , Macrophages/drug effects , Mice , Mice, Inbred Strains , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Scutellaria baicalensisABSTRACT
The possibility of inhibiting metastases by preparations from plants growing in Siberia and Far East after removal of the tumor node was proven in experiments on animals with transplanted tumors. Plant preparations stimulated the antitumor resistance of the organism.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Neoplasm Metastasis/prevention & control , Phytotherapy , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Animals , Mice , Neoplasm Transplantation , Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Antibodies to cyclophosphamide obtained by homeopathic potentiation and administered in ultralow doses exhibit no antiblastic activity and did not modulate the effectiveness of cyclophosphamide during antitumor therapy of animals with transplanted tumors (Lewis lung carcinoma and Ehrlich adenocarcinoma).
Subject(s)
Antibodies/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/therapeutic use , Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/drug therapy , Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/drug therapy , Cyclophosphamide/immunology , Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use , Cytostatic Agents/therapeutic use , Animals , Antibodies/immunology , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapyABSTRACT
Experiments on animals with transplanted tumors (Lewis lung carcinoma and carcinosarcoma Walker-256) showed that combination treatment with cyclophosphane and its homeopathically potentiated forms increases antiblastic activity of the preparation.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/pharmacology , Cyclophosphamide/pharmacology , Homeopathy/methods , Animals , Carcinoma 256, Walker/pathology , Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/pathology , Cytostatic Agents/pharmacology , Female , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Neoplasm Transplantation , RatsABSTRACT
Dry aspen (Populus tremula L.) bark extract exhibits antiulcerogenic activity as demonstrated by the results of experiments using the models of gastric ulcers in rats according to H. Shay. The cytoprotective action of the dry aspen bark extract was also demonstrated in experiments on dogs with fistula according to Basov.