ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the association between e-cigarette (EC) use and development of acute severe pneumonia in the Korean population using a national database. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis using linkage of data between the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) administrative claims database. The primary endpoint of this study was development of severe pneumonia requiring hospital admission according to EC use during the study period. The secondary endpoints were in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, ventilator care, and days of hospital stay. RESULTS: The final analysis included 28,950 individuals, of which 578 (2.0%) were EC users. EC users were younger and more often male than non-EC users. The EC users showed higher level of education and household income and had fewer comorbidities. Severe pneumonia was noted in 37 of 28,372 non-EC users (0.13%), but there were no occurrences of severe pneumonia in EC users. The incidence of pneumonia occurrence was not different between the two groups (P = 1.000). CONCLUSIONS: Since e-cigarette or vaping use-associated lung injury (EVALI) is most likely included in acute severe pneumonia occurring within 3 months of EC use, it is considered that there might be no EVALI patients in Korea during the investigation period. A large-scale, prospective study is necessary to evaluate the association between EC use and acute lung injury.
Subject(s)
Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems , Pneumonia/diagnosis , Adult , Databases, Factual , Female , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Incidence , Information Storage and Retrieval , Male , Middle Aged , National Health Programs , Nutrition Surveys , Pneumonia/epidemiology , Pneumonia/etiology , Pneumonia/mortality , Republic of Korea/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Smokers/statistics & numerical data , Vaping/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Endobronchial metastasis from thyroid follicular carcinoma is a rare manifestation. We describe a case of 62-year-old woman who underwent total thyroidectomy due to thyroid follicular carcinoma 19 years previously. Computerized tomography and bronchoscopy suggested an endobronchial enhancing nodule in the right bronchus intermedius, resulting in right middle lobe (RML) and right lower lobe (RLL) collapse. A biopsy specimen showed thyroid follicular carcinoma identical to that taken from a specimen previously. She underwent metastectomy and high-dose radioactive iodine ablation therapy. To our knowledge, this patient represents the first case of endobronchial metastasis with a long past history of thyroid follicular carcinoma.