ABSTRACT
The circadian clock refers to the formation of a certain rule in the long-term evolution of an organism, which is an invisible 'clock' in the body of an organism. As one of the largest TF families in higher plants, the MYB transcription factor is involved in plant growth and development. MYB is also inextricably correlated with the circadian rhythm. In this study, the transcriptome data of the tea plant 'Baiyeyihao' were measured at a photoperiod interval of 4 h (24 h). A total of 25,306 unigenes were obtained, including 14,615 unigenes that were annotated across 20 functional categories within the GO classification. Additionally, 10,443 single-gene clusters were annotated to 11 sublevels of metabolic pathways using KEGG. Based on the results of gene annotation and differential gene transcript analysis, 22 genes encoding MYB transcription factors were identified. The G10 group in the phylogenetic tree had 13 members, of which 5 were related to the circadian rhythm, accounting for 39%. The G1, G2, G8, G9, G15, G16, G18, G19, G20, G21 and G23 groups had no members associated with the circadian rhythm. Among the 22 differentially expressed MYB transcription factors, 3 members of LHY, RVE1 and RVE8 were core circadian rhythm genes belonging to the G10, G12 and G10 groups, respectively. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect and validate the expression of the gene transcripts encoding MYB transcription factors associated with the circadian rhythm.
Subject(s)
Camellia sinensis , Circadian Clocks , Humans , Camellia sinensis/genetics , Phylogeny , Circadian Rhythm/genetics , TeaABSTRACT
Matrine, a major alkaloid isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Sophora flavescens, has been used clinically to treat breast cancer in China. However, the effects of matrine on apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer cells remain unclear. In the present study, the antibreast cancer capacity of matrine was evaluated and its role in regulating apoptosis and autophagy in vitro was investigated. Matrine significantly inhibited the growth of MCF7 cells. In addition, Hoechst 33342 staining and Annexin V/propidium iodide staining demonstrated that incubation with matrine induced apoptosis in MCF7 cells. Furthermore, matrine induced autophagy in MCF7 cells, manifesting as an accumulation of light chain 3 II and downregulation of p62. Additionally, matrine suppressed AKT and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation, indicating that the AKT/mTOR pathway is involved in matrineinduced apoptosis and autophagy. Overall, the results of the present study indicated that matrine possesses antibreast cancer activity by providing protective autophagy via inhibition of the AKT/mTOR pathway. These findings indicated that matrine may be a promising candidate for drug development targeting breast cancer.
Subject(s)
Alkaloids/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Apoptosis/drug effects , Autophagy/drug effects , Breast Neoplasms/metabolism , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Phytotherapy/methods , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism , Quinolizines/pharmacology , Signal Transduction/drug effects , Sophora/chemistry , TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism , Alkaloids/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , Female , Humans , MCF-7 Cells , Phosphorylation/drug effects , Quinolizines/chemistry , MatrinesABSTRACT
Uranium is a hazardous and radioactive element. Effective removal of uranium from wastewater stream requires advanced functional materials and reliable technologies. Red mud is a type of low-cost adsorbent which is widely used in the adsorption process. In the present work, we successfully modified the raw red mud to gain a series of highly efficient sorbents for uranium removal. They are nitric acid dealkalized red mud (DRM), aluminum nitrate modified red mud (ARM), and ferric nitrate modified red mud (FRM). The adsorption efficiencies of uranium(VI) by DRM, ARM, and FRM were 74.50, 95.56, and 98.75% in their optimal immobilization regions, respectively. The chemisorption of uranium dominates the adsorption process of FRM, while as to physical adsorption dominates the adsorption process of ARM and DRM. Both DRM and ARM reached their maximum adsorption capacities at 10 min while that for FRM occurred at 30 min. FRM performed much stronger anti-interference ability to the influence of carbonate and calcium. The outstanding adsorption ability of these modified red muds is mainly due to the enhancement of ion exchange, co-precipitation, and electrostatic attraction by red mud's active components and functional groups.