Comparison of Biological Characteristics of Different Paranasal Sinus Mucosa in Goats.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Prosthetic implants are the primary treatment for patients with edentulism. This study aims to explore and compare the biological characteristics of mucosal thickness and tensile strength of the paranasal sinuses (maxillary and frontal sinuses) in goats, thereby providing a theoretical basis and guidance for mucosa-related problems involved in maxillary sinus lifting. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The paranasal sinus mucosa (maxillary sinus crest, maxillary sinus floor and frontal sinus mucosa) was obtained from the goats for use in maxillary sinus lifting. The mucosa was made into tissue section specimens and evaluated by a computer with built-in screenshot software and an optical microscope with a graduated eyepiece. A total of 3 readings were randomly selected and recorded. The mucosa was clamped with a laboratory-made clamp device. After connecting the push-pull meter, the mucosa exposed by the inner ring of the clamp device was pressed vertically and uniformly until it ruptured. The strength value was read and recorded. The left and right ends of the mucosa were connected with the clamp device; horizontal tension was applied evenly to the mucosa until the mucosa ruptured. The strength value was read and recorded. The normality test, analysis of variance, LSD pairwise comparison and linear regression were performed for each group of data. RESULTS: The thicknesses of the maxillary sinus crest mucosa, floor mucosa and frontal sinus mucosa in goats were 410.03 ± 65.97 um, 461.33 ± 91.37 um and 216.90 ± 46.47 um, respectively. There were significant differences between the maxillary sinus crest and frontal sinus and the maxillary sinus floor and frontal sinus (P < .05). The range of tensile strength of the maxillary sinus crest mucosa, floor mucosa and frontal sinus mucosa in goats was 0.48 ± 0.10 kg, 0.54 ± 0.11kg and 0.20 ± 0.05kg, respectively. There were significant differences between the maxillary sinus crest and frontal sinus and the maxillary sinus floor and frontal sinus (P < .05). Tensile strength was positively correlated with the thickness of the mucosa of the maxillary and frontal sinuses (P < .05). CONCLUSION: The mucosal thickness and tensile strength of the maxillary sinus crest and floor were greater than those of the frontal sinus mucosa. There was a positive correlation between the tensile strength and the thickness of the mucosa.

[Clinical research on mild and moderate carpal tunnel syndrome treated with contralateral needling technique at distal acupoints and acupuncture at local acupoints].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the differences in the clinical therapeutic effects on mild and moderate carpal tunnel syndrome between the combined therapy of regular acupuncture and contralateral needling technique at distal acupoints and the regular acupuncture. METHODS: Sixty patients of mild and moderate carpal tunnel syndrome were divided into an observation group and a control group according to random number table, 30 cases in each one. Laogong (PC 8), Daling (PC 7), Neiguan (PC 6), Yuji (LU 10) and Hegu (LI 4) were selected on the affected side in the two groups. In the observation group, the reducing needling technique with lifting and thrusting was applied at first to Taichong (LR 3) and Zhongfeng (LR 4) on the opposite side and afterwards those on the affected side were stimulated. In the control group, acupuncture was given at the acupoints on the affected side. The even-needling technique was used at the acupoints on the affected side in the patients of the two groups. Acupuncture was given once every day, 30 min each time. The treatment for 10 days was as one session. The therapeutic effects were evaluated after 3 sessions. The changes in median nerve electrophysiology, Levine's carpal tunnel syndrome questionnaire, the patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE) and the evaluation of therapeutic effects were observed before and after treatment in the two groups. RESULTS: The total effective rate was 90.0% (27/30) in the observation group, better than 70.0% (21/30) in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the nerve sensory conduction velocity and the amplitude of median nerve were all increased in the two groups, indicating the significant differences (all P<0.05). The increase in the observation group was more apparent than that in the control group (all P<0.05). The symptom severity score (SSS) and function status score (FSS) were all reduced apparently after treatment in the two groups (both P<0.05). SSS and FSS in the observation group were lower apparently than those in the control group after treatment (both P<0.05). PRWE score after treatment was reducedapparently as compared with that before treatment in the two groups (both P<0.05). The result in the observation group was lower than that in the control group after treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The combined treatment of regular acupuncture technique and the contralateral needling technique at distal acupoints achieves the definite therapeutic effects on mild and moderate carpal tunnel syndrome, apparently superior to the regular needling technique.