ABSTRACT
AIM: To study structure-activity relationship of tubeimosides isolated from Bolbostemma paniculatum for their anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antitumor-promoting effects. METHODS: Tubeimosides I, II, and III were isolated from tubers of Bolbostemma paniculatum (Maxim) Franquet (Cucurbitaceae), a Chinese folk medicine,"Tubeimu", and their anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-tumorigenic activities, and acute toxicity were studied in vivo. RESULTS: Tubeimosides I, II, and III are all natural analogues of oleanane type of triterpenoid saponins from the same medicinal plant, and all show anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antitumor-promo ting effects. However, the anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-tumorigenic activities of tubeimoside II are stronger than those of tubeimoside I, and the acute toxicity of tubeimoside II is lower than that of tubeimoside I; the anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-tumorigenic activities of tubeimoside III are stronger than those of tubeimoside II, and the acute toxicity of tubeimoside III is also stronger than that of tubeimoside II. CONCLUSION: C-16 hydroxyl group of tubeimoside II plays an important role in enhancing biological activity of tubeimoside II and in decreasing its toxicity. The difference of chemical structure in B and/or C position between tubeimosides III and II plays an important role in enhancing biological activity and toxicity of tubeimoside III. Therefore tubeimosidre II may be the most promising agent for cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy among tubeimosides I, II, and III.
Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use , Edema/drug therapy , Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy , Saponins/therapeutic use , Triterpenes/therapeutic use , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemistry , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/toxicity , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/toxicity , Cucurbitaceae/chemistry , Disease Models, Animal , Edema/chemically induced , Female , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Mice, Inbred ICR , Molecular Structure , Saponins/chemistry , Saponins/isolation & purification , Sarcoma 180/drug therapy , Structure-Activity Relationship , Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate , Treatment Outcome , Triterpenes/chemistry , Triterpenes/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Tubeimoside-1 (Tub) is a triterpenoid saponin first isolated in China from Bolbostemma paniculatum (Maxim) Franquet, Cucurbitaceae. To find out whether Tub has any anti-infective activity on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), we tested its effects on HIV core protein p24 (with an ELISA) and HIV-mediated cytopathogenesis (using a colorimetric assay). The results showed that Tub inhibited both p24 production and cytopathogenesis mediated by HTLV-IIIB, and the median effective concentrations (EC50) were 24.1 and 22.9 micrograms.ml-1, respectively. Tub also effectively neutralized the infection of 2 other isolates, HTLV-IIIRF and HTLV-IIIMN. It is concluded that Tub had an inhibitory action on the infection of HIV-1 isolates and would be a promising candidate for treatment of AIDS.
Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral/drug effects , HIV Core Protein p24/biosynthesis , HIV-1/drug effects , Saponins/pharmacology , Triterpenes/pharmacology , Antiviral Agents/isolation & purification , Cells, Cultured , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , HIV-1/physiology , Saponins/isolation & purification , T-Lymphocytes/drug effects , Triterpenes/isolation & purification , Virus Replication/drug effectsABSTRACT
Licochalcone A, 3-a,a-dimethylallyl-4,4'-dihydroxy-6-methoxychalcone, from the root of Glycyrrhiza inflata Beta (Leguminosae) (Xin-jiang liquorice) showed anti-inflammatory action towards mouse ear edema induced by arachidonic acid (AA) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) by topical application. Anti-tumour promoting action of licochalcone A was also observed in vivo for mouse skin papilloma initiated by dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and promoted by TPA. It inhibited in vitro 32Pi-incorporation to phospholipids in HeLa cells promoted by TPA. A competitive interaction of licochalcone A with the TPA-receptors in the cell membrane has been suggested.