Supplementation of nano-selenium in fish diet: Impact on selenium assimilation and immune-regulated selenoproteome expression in monosex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).

Selenium (Se), a fundamental element of nutrigenomic science in fish nutrition, was used to investigate its impact on selenoproteome expression and Se regulation in tilapia. Different concentrations (T1 - 0, T2 - 0.5, T3 - 1.0 and T4 - 2.0 mg/kg of feed) of dietary nano-Se were incorporated in the diets of monosex Nile tilapia. A total of 180 tilapia fingerlings with initial weight (15.73 ± 0.05 g) were stocked in 150 L capacity FRP tanks categorized into four diet groups with triplicate each for a feeding trial of 90 days. At the end of first, second and third months of the feeding trial, gill, liver, kidney and muscle tissues were harvested to evaluate the effect on the kinetics of Se bioaccumulation and assimilation as well as immune-regulated selenoprotein transcripts (GPx2, SelJ, SelL, SelK, SelS, SelW and Sepp1a) and their synthesis factors (SPS1 and Scly). The findings depicted that significantly (p < 0.05) higher weight gain was found in the diet supplemented with 1.0 mg/kg of nano-Se. The theory of second-order polynomial regression supported the same. The liver showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher Se accumulation and concentration factor among the harvested tissues in a different timeline. All the selected immune-regulated selenoproteins and synthesis factors in different fish tissues showed significantly (p < 0.05) up-regulation in the diet supplemented with 1.0 mg/kg of nano-Se for the second month. Therefore, the present findings suggested that the supplementation of nano-Se could be more effective for improved growth, better selenium regulation and expression of immune-regulated selenoproteins in the fish model.

Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal surface malignancies: A single institution Indian experience.

BACKGROUND: Cytoreductive surgery followed by hyper- thermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has shown better oncological outcomes in peritoneal surface malignancies (PSM). We assessed the feasibility and perioperative outcomes of this procedure in Indian patients. METHODS: In this prospective observational study from February 2013 to April 2015, we included 56 patients (41 females, 73.2%) with PSM. They had a good performance status, were either treatment-naïve or previously treated by surgery and systemic chemotherapy. They underwent cytoreductive surgery followed by HIPEC using a hyperthermia pump, with the temperature at 42 °C for 30-90 minutes. The chemotherapy regimen was based on the primary malignancy. Perioperative outcome data were collected and analysed. We also analysed the short-term oncological outcomes. RESULTS: Our patients included those with peritoneum confined ovarian carcinoma (32, 57.1%), colorectal carcinoma (9, 16.1%), pseudomyxoma peritonei (7, 12.5%), meso- thelioma (2, 3.6%), gastric carcinoma (2, 3.6%) and others (4, 7.1%). The median duration of surgery including HIPEC was 9 hours and the median hospital stay was 12 days. The median time for gastrointestinal recovery was 5 days. One-fifth of patients (11, 19.7%) required an extended stay in the inten- sive care unit. The most common grades 3 and 4 complications were hypocalcaemia 32.1%, hypokalaemia 32.1%, anaemia 21.4% and thrombocytopenia 7.1%. Major morbidity requiring surgical intervention occurred in 8.9% of patients. The 60-day operative mortality was 1.8%. At a median follow-up of 16 months, 7.1% developed peritoneal recurrence, 8.9% had systemic recurrence and 7.1% succumbed to the disease. Patients with platinum-resistant ovarian carcinomas had more peritoneal recurrence (3.6%). CONCLUSION: In patients with PSM, surgical cytoreduction and HIPEC is feasible and potentially beneficial. It can be done with low mortality and acceptable morbidity. It requires a dedicated team of surgeons, anaesthetists and intensivists and proper infrastructure.