The perception of healthcare professionals, through their own personal experiences, of the use of music therapy in hospitalised children and adolescents.

BACKGROUND: Music therapy is an emerging and useful methodology for improving patient environments within healthcare fields. However, although it has been shown that music therapy interventions with hospitalised children and adolescents have been used for decades with positive effects, there are currently very few studies that specifically describe the perspectives of healthcare professionals regarding the value of music therapy when applied in these patients. OBJECTIVES: To describe the insights of healthcare professionals regarding music therapy, both on a personal level and in terms of its usefulness in the care of hospitalised children and adolescents. DESIGN: This was a qualitative descriptive-exploratory study with focus groups. PARTICIPANTS: Eighteen healthcare professionals. METHODS: In January 2023, two focus groups, containing nine healthcare professionals each, were created to collect data regarding their experiences concerning the effect of music therapy on hospitalised children and adolescents. Before recording their opinions, all these professionals participated in an interactive music therapy session. The thematic analysis in this work was performed using MAXQDA® software. RESULTS: Two main categories emerged: (a) the effects of music therapy on healthcare professionals, and (b) the benefits of music therapy to patients (children and adolescents). CONCLUSIONS: Music therapy was valued positively by healthcare professionals who described the benefits its use has for hospitalised children and adolescents. They also expressed positive viewpoints regarding the use of music therapy to improve their own self-knowledge and self-care. IMPLICATIONS TO PRACTICE: Healthcare professionals may utilise music therapists to improve patient outcomes and reduce the negative effects of hospitalisation.

The relevance of music therapy in paediatric and adolescent cancer patients: a scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Music therapy is an emerging and useful methodology to improve the quality of life of children and adolescents with cancer. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this scoping review was to examine the available literature and offer an analysis of the relevance of music therapy in paediatric oncology. We considered the effects of music therapy on children and adolescents with cancer as well as the perception of this population, their families, music therapists, and health professionals regarding the music therapy sessions conducted. Finally, we analysed the characteristics of the distinct types of music therapy interventions reported in the literature. METHODS: In this review, we applied the methodology proposed by Arksey and O'Malley. After performing a comprehensive academic literature database search, 522 articles were identified of which, 27 met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: The results shed light on the use of music therapy as a means to facilitate self-esteem, to improve the physical, emotional, and cognitive aspects related to disease and, to a lesser extent, alleviate their physiological symptoms. Both children and adolescents with cancer were represented in the academic literature. The most prevalent findings described in these studies were the benefits of music therapy in terms of improved psychological well-being and social relationships in this population. CONCLUSIONS: Music therapy interventions are generally well received, not only by children and adolescents with cancer, but also by their families, music therapists, and health professionals. Nevertheless, several gaps were identified in some of the studies we considered, including a lack of specificity regarding the results obtained or music therapy intervention methods used.

[Nutritional treatment for cardiovascular risk in a university worker]. / Tratamiento dietético-nutricional de un trabajador con riesgo cardiovascular en el ámbito universitario.

We present the case of a 47 year old nonsmoking university professor with moderate cardiovascular risk (CVR) (2%) according to HeartScore: obesity (body mass index, 32.8kg/m2); waist-to-hip ratio:1.08; high blood pressure, 150/101 mmHg; and hypercholesterolemia: 223 mg/ dL). The initial food inventory (2016) showed a consumption pattern of 2100 kcal/day (24% proteins, 45% fats, 31% carbohydrates); low intake of potassium (51%) and vitamin-D (42%); consumption of two alcoholic drinks/ per week. Dietary treatment consisted of 2500 kcal/day (distributed as 14% protein, 32% fat, 51% carbohydrates), and increased vitamin D intake (10.50 µg/day), following the European Cardiovascular Prevention Guide. Favorable changes were apparent after one year of treatment: body mass index (30.5kg/m2), waist-to-hip ratio (0.98), blood pressure (128/90mmHg), supported by laboratory and dietary data. This article presents relevant aspects of an individualized nutritional intervention targeting CVR factors in the workplace. It highlights the competencies of the dietitian and the coordination of the universitybased occupational health service as community health assets, to revert CVR parameters, especially anthropometric and blood pressure data.

Se presenta el caso de un profesor de 47 años, no fumador, con riesgo-cardiovascular (RCV) moderado (2%) según HeartScore: obesidad (Índice-masa-muscular: 32,8kg/m2); índice cintura-cadera: 1,08, tensión-arterial alta: 150/101mmHg, hipercolesterolemia: 223mg/dl. La anamnesis-alimentaria inicial (2016) muestra consumo: 2100kcal/día (distribuidas en 24% proteínas, 45% grasas, 31% carbohidratos) y, potasio (51%) y vitamina-D (42%) bajos; consume 2 bebidas-alcohólicas/semana. El tratamiento dietético consistió en 2500kcal/día competencias del dietista-nutricionista y la coordinación del Servicio-Prevención-universitario como activos de salud comunitarios, para revertir parámetros de RCV especialmente antropométricos y tensión-arterial.

Percepción de embarazadas y matronas acerca de los consejos nutricionales durante la gestación.

Introducción: el estado nutricional previo de la embarazada, la adecuada ganancia de peso y la ingesta de ciertos nutrientes pueden tener una influencia importante tanto para la madre como para el recién nacido, a corto y largo plazo. Las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud son transmitidas durante el control del embarazo por la matrona.Objetivos: analizar los principales estudios sobre la percepción de las embarazadas acerca de los consejos nutricionales recibidos e identificar las estrategias utilizadas por las matronas para su implementación.Metodología: búsqueda bibliográfica sobre embarazadas de bajo riesgo controladas por matronas y que reciben consejos nutricionales realizada en WOS, CINHAL y PubMed. Se utilizaron los descriptores: pregnancy, pregnant, midwife, counselling, nutritiony sus diferentes combinaciones. Los criterios de inclusión fueron artículos originales y revisiones en inglés, español o portugués de los últimos diez años y disponibles en texto completo.Resultados: se encontraron 184 referencias. Solo 11 tratan el tema abordado. Existen múltiples artículos con consejos nutricionales en el embarazo, pero muy pocos que incluyan estrategias educativas implementadas por las matronas que aborden recomendaciones dietético-nutricionales y su utilidad.Conclusión: existen escasos estudios que investiguen los conocimientos que las matronas tienen sobre nutrición en el embarazo y los consejos que aportan sobre el tema. Igualmente sucede con los trabajos que estudian la percepción que tienen las gestantes sobre los consejos nutricionales recibidos.

Percepción de embarazadas y matronas acerca de los consejos nutricionales durante la gestación / Pregnant’s and midwives perception about nutrional councils during pregnancy

Introducción: el estado nutricional previo de la embarazada, la adecuada ganancia de peso y la ingesta de ciertos nutrientes pueden tener una influencia importante tanto para la madre como para el recién nacido, a corto y largo plazo. Las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud son transmitidas durante el control del embarazo por la matrona. Objetivos: analizar los principales estudios sobre la percepción de las embarazadas acerca de los consejos nutricionales recibidos e identificar las estrategias utilizadas por las matronas para su implementación. Metodología: búsqueda bibliográfica sobre embarazadas de bajo riesgo controladas por matronas y que reciben consejos nutricionales realizada en WOS, CINHAL y PubMed. Se utilizaron los descriptores: pregnancy, pregnant, midwife, counselling, nutrition y sus diferentes combinaciones. Los criterios de inclusión fueron artículos originales y revisiones en inglés, español o portugués de los últimos diez años y disponibles en texto completo. Resultados: se encontraron 184 referencias. Solo 11 tratan el tema abordado. Existen múltiples artículos con consejos nutricionales en el embarazo, pero muy pocos que incluyan estrategias educativas implementadas por las matronas que aborden recomendaciones dietéticonutricionales y su utilidad. Conclusión: existen escasos estudios que investiguen los conocimientos que las matronas tienen sobre nutrición en el embarazo y los consejos que aportan sobre el tema. Igualmente sucede con los trabajos que estudian la percepción que tienen las gestantes sobre los consejos nutricionales recibidos (AU)

Background: Women’s nutritional status, the suitable profit of weight and the ingestion of certain nutrients may have an important influence in health both for the mother and newborn in a short and long term. World Health Organization gives a number of nutritional recommendations which are transmitted during the pregnant women antenatal care by their midwives. Objectives: To analyze the main studies on the understanding of the pregnant women about the nutritional received councils and to identify the strategies used by the midwives for theirs implementation. Methodology: Literature review for low risk pregnant’s conducted by midwives and receiving nutritional councils in Web of Science (WOS), CINAHL and PubMed. Using descriptors such as: pregnancy, pregnant, midwife, counselling, nutrition and their different combinations. The criteria incorporation was original article and review written in English, Spanish or Portuguese of last ten years and available in complete. Results: 184 references were found. Finally, only 11 focused on the issue addressed. There are multiple items with nutritional advice in pregnancy but a few that include educational strategies implemented by midwives to address dietary and nutritional recommendations and usefulness. Conclusion: Only a few studies researchs the midwives’ knowledge about nutrition in pregnancy and the councils that they transmit to pregnants. In the same way, not many papers treats the pregnant perception about nutritional councils (AU)