Effect of antioxidant lycopene on human osteoblasts.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this in vitro study is to evaluate the effect of antioxidant lycopene on human osteoblasts. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The human osteoblast cell line (CRL-11372) was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC Manassas, Va) and grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS), penicillin (100 U/ml), and streptomycin (100 mg/ ml) at 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 and 95% air. The effective dose of lycopene was determined by MTT assay and a real-time cell analysis (RTCA) system. Proliferative effects were analyzed by in vitro wound healing model. Gene expressions of type 1 collagen (COL1A1), osteocalcin (OCN), and growth differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) at 72 h. Statistical differences between test groups were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA test. RESULTS: MTT assay showed that the doses between 10-5 and 1 µmol of lycopene had dose-dependent proliferative effects. The doses between 10-5 and 10-1 µmol were most effective at 72 h. Lycopene accelerates the healing rate by increasing osteoblast proliferation. CONCLUSION: Results suggested that lycopene had proliferative effects on human osteoblasts, which may help to increase bone regeneration, and thus, it can be useful in tissue engineering procedures. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: By the help of antioxidants like lycopene capacity, velocity and quality of new bone forming may be increased in periodontal and dental implant treatments.

Prognostic nutritional index is an independent prognostic factor for treatment response, survival and drug choice in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide.

PURPOSE: We designed this study to identify the prognostic value of baseline prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients treated with abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide. METHODS: 101 mCRPC patients were included. PNI was calculated using formula 10 x serum albumin value (gr/dL) + 0.005 × total lymphocyte count (per mm3). ROC analysis was used for determining prognostic PNI value. RESULTS: The statistically significant cut-off value for PNI was 46.62. Initial PSA response and PSA kinetics (early PSA response and 30 %-50%-90% PSA response at any time) were much better in PNI > 46.62 group than the PNI ≤ 46.62 group (p < 0.01). In multivariate analysis, baseline PNI level >46.62 was an independent predictor of PSA-PFS (HR: 0.42, p < 0.01), radiologic PFS (HR: 0.53, p < 0.01), and OS (HR: 0.42, p < 0.01). In the PNI ≤ 46.62 group, median OS was 7.4 months (95% CI: 4.1-10.7) for the abiraterone acetate subgroup vs. 17.6 months (95% CI: 10.1-25.1) for enzalutamide subgroups (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: PNI is a useful, independent prognostic marker for mCRPC patients treated with either abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide. Using pre-treatment PNI may help clinicians in the prediction of survival and decision making based on abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide.

The use of bone-chip grafts fixed with absorbable bone sealant (Absele).

In this study we have investigated the use of bone-chip grafts which were fixed by Absele. In the study 33 adult guinea-pigs were used. Bone grafts for cervical intervertebral fusions were carried out. At the end of the sixth week the bones were examined histopathologically. Both in the control fusion group and in the experiment group the bone grafts were found to be in good condition, but in the free graft group some bone fragments were found in muscle tissue. There was no evidence of foreign body reaction.