Low-Level Photobiomodulation Therapy Modulates H2O2 Production, TRPC-6, and PGC-1α Levels in the Dystrophic Muscle.

Objective: This study evaluated photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) effects on the factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, on the mitochondrial respiratory complexes, and on the transient receptor potential canonical channels (such as TRPC-1 and TRPC-6) in in vitro (mdx muscle cells) and in vivo studies (gastrocnemius muscle) from mdx mice, the dystrophin-deficient model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Background: There is no successful treatment for DMD, therefore demanding search for new therapies that can improve the muscle role, the quality of life, and the survival of dystrophic patients. Methods: The dystrophic primary muscle cells received PBMT at 0.6 J and 5 J, and the dystrophic gastrocnemius muscle received PBMT at 0.6 J. Results: The dystrophic muscle cells treated with PBMT (0.6 J and 5 J) showed no cytotoxicity and significantly lower levels in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production. We also demonstrated, for the first time, the capacity of PBMT, at a low dose (0.6 J), in reducing the TRPC-6 content and in raising the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) content in the dystrophic gastrocnemius muscle. Conclusions: PBMT modulates H2O2 production, TRPC-6, and PGC-1α content in the dystrophic muscle. These results suggest that laser therapy could act as an auxiliary therapy in the treatment of dystrophic patients.

Coenzyme Q10 supplementation acts as antioxidant on dystrophic muscle cells.

Increased oxidative stress is a frequent feature in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). High reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, associated with altered enzyme antioxidant activity, have been reported in dystrophic patients and mdx mice, an experimental model of DMD. In this study, we investigated the effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on oxidative stress marker levels and calcium concentration in primary cultures of dystrophic muscle cells from mdx mice. Primary cultures of skeletal muscle cells from C57BL/10 and mdx mice were treated with coenzyme Q10 (5 µM) for 24 h. The untreated mdx and C57BL/10 muscle cells were used as controls. The MTT and live/dead cell assays showed that CoQ10 presented no cytotoxic effect on normal and dystrophic muscle cells. Intracellular calcium concentration, H2O2 production, 4-HNE, and SOD-2 levels were higher in mdx muscle cells. No significant difference in the catalase, GPx, and Gr levels was found between experimental groups. This study demonstrated that CoQ10 treatment was able to reduce levels of oxidative stress markers, such as H2O2, acting as an antioxidant, as well as decreasing abnormal intracellular calcium influx in dystrophic muscles cells. This study demonstrated that CoQ10 treatment was able to reduce levels of oxidative stress markers, such as H2O2, acting as an antioxidant, as well as decreasing abnormal intracellular calcium influx in dystrophic muscles cells. Our findings also suggest that the decrease of oxidative stress reduces the need for upregulation of antioxidant pathways, such as SOD and GSH.

Suplementação de ferro em indivíduos submetidos à derivação gástrica em Y-de-Roux / Iron supplementation in individuals undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Objetivo - Avaliar os efeitos da suplementação de ferro glicina quelato sobre as concentrações séricas de ferro e as mudanças na composição corporal após derivação gástrica em Y-de-Roux. Métodos - Foram coletados dados de prontuários de 41 pacientes submetidos à derivação gástrica em Y-de-Roux, os quais foram avaliados quanto ao Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), circunferência de cintura, dobra cutânea triciptal e exames bioquímicos. Estes pacientes receberam suplementação sob a forma de ferro glicina quelato, na dosagem de 30 mg/dia de ferro elementar durante doze meses. Resultados - Após três e doze meses do procedimento cirúrgico, os indivíduos apresentaram redução significativa do IMC, peso, circunferência da cintura e dobra cutânea triciptal (P<0,001). As concentrações de colesterol total, glicose, hemoglobina e hematócrito reduziram significativamente três e doze meses após a cirurgia (P<0,001), enquanto que as de triacilglicerol reduziram após três meses, se mantendo até o décimo segundo mês. As concentrações de ferro sérico não apresentaram reduções durante o período estudado. Conclusões - A cirurgia bariátrica reduziu os indicadores de adiposidade. Os dados sugerem que a suplementação com ferro glicina quelato não evitou reduções nos valores séricos de hemoglobina e hematócrito, mas pode prevenir reduções nas concentrações de ferro sérico no pós-cirúrgico.

Objective - The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of iron supplementation and changes in the body composition in individuals submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass supplemented with ferrous sulphate. Methods - Data were collected from medical records of 41 patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, which were evaluated for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, triceps skinfold and biochemical tests. These patients received supplementation in the form of iron glycine chelate, in dosages of 30 mg/day of elemental iron for twelve months. Results - Three and twelve months after surgery, subjects had significantly lower BMI, weight, waist circumference and triceps skinfold (P <0.001). The concentrations of total cholesterol and glucose, hemoglobin and hematocrit decreased three and twelve months significantly after surgery (P <0.001), whereas triacylglycerol dropped after three months remained until the twelfth month. Concentrations of serum iron showed no reduction during the study period. Conclusions - Bariatric surgery reduced body fat indicators. Data suggest that supplementation with iron glycine chelate did not prevent reductions in serum hemoglobin and hematocrit, but can prevent reductions in serum iron concentrations in post-surgical.