Analysis of blood components of Yougui Yin in normal rats and rats with kidney deficiency caused by adenine based on UPLC-MS technology / 中国中药杂志

Based on the serum medicinal method, this study aims to investigate the migrating components of Yougui Yin in the blood after intragastric administration, and to provide reference for the basic research of its pharmacodynamics. The kidney deficiency rat model was replicated by adenine method. Normal rats and model rats were administered orally for a single gavage of Yougui Yin. The components in blood were rapidly analyzed and identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and multiple reaction monitoring(MRM), and the migrating components in blood of Yougui Yin were explored by multivariate statistical analysis. The results showed that there were 42 characteristic peaks in the plasma of normal rats by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology and 13 chemical components were identified, including 6 alkaloids, 2 flavonoids, 2 triterpenoid saponins, 1 iridoid, 1 phenylpropanoid and 1 monoterpenoid. There were 22 characteristic peaks in the plasma of kidney-deficiency rats, and 12 chemical components were identified, including 2 iridoids, 6 alkaloids, 2 flavonoids, 1 monoterpenoid and 1 triterpenoid saponin. Verbascoside, isoacteoside, acteoside, pinoresinoldiglucoside, loganin and morroniside were identified by MRM both in the plasma of normal rats and kidney-deficiency rats. Compared with 85 monomer components in Yougui Yin, 17 common prototype components were found by UPLC-MS in the plasma of normal rats and kidney deficiency rats, including verbascoside, isoacteoside, acteoside, rehmapicrogenin derived from Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, pinoresinol diglucoside and geniposidic acid from Eucommiea Cortex, loganin and morroniside derived from Corni Fructus, mesaconine, benzoylmesaconine, benzoylaconitine, benzoylhypacoitine, mesaconitine, aconitine derived from Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, liquiritin, isoliquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid derived from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. Thirty-one metabolites of medicinal ingredients not found in the plasma of adenine-induced kidney deficiency rats were also detected in the plasma of normal rats. Twelve metabolites of medicinal materials not found in the plasma of normal rats were detected in the plasma of kidney deficiency rats. The results of the study provide reference for explaining the material basis and mechanism of Yougui Yin in the treatment of kidney deficiency.

Effect of Morinda officinalis capsule on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats / 中国天然药物

AIM@#To explore the therapeutic effects of Morinda officinalis capsules (MOP) on osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats.@*METHODS@#Six-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were induced for postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) by bilateral ovariectomy and divided into seven groups as follows: sham-operated group, ovariectomized (OVX) control group, OVX treated with xianlinggubao (XLGB) (270 mg·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹), OVX treated with alendronate sodium (ALN) (3 mg·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹), and OVX treated with Morinda officinalis capsule (MOP) of graded doses (90, 270 and 810 mg·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹) groups. Oral treatments were administered daily on the 4(th) week after ovariectomy and lasted for 12 weeks. The bone mineral density was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and osteocalcin (OC) levels in the serum and plasma were determined by standard colorimetric and enzyme immunoassays methods. Bone biomechanical properties and morphological parameters were analyzed by three-point bending test and histomorphometry respectively.@*RESULTS@#Morinda officinalis capsules at all doses were able to significantly prevent the OVX-induced loss of bone mass due to diminishing serum AKP and TRAP levels while elevating OC level in the plasma. Morinda officinalis capsules also enhanced the bone strength and prevented the deterioration of trabecular microarchitecture.@*CONCLUSION@#Morinda officinalis capsules possess potent anti-osteoporotic activity in OVX rats which could be an effective treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Protective effect of Zige lyophilized powder on hypoxia/reoxygenation injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cells / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the protective effect of single prescription of traditional Chinese medicine Zige lyophilized powder on hypoxia/reoxygenation injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>HUVECs were cultured in vitro and Krebs liquid was adopted to establish the hypoxia/reoxygenation injury model. After intervention of Zige lyophilized powder, MTT colorimetric method was used to determine cell activity, the xanthine oxidase method is adopted to detect the activity of superoxide dismutases (SOD) in cells, the thibabituric acid developing method was adopted to determine the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), the nitrate reductase method was used to detect the content of nitric oxide (NO), the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine developing method was adopted to the content of extracellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) , and the Western blot method was used to analyze the expression of cell apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with the model group, 12.5 mg x L(-1) of Zige lyophilized powder can enhanced cell viability (P < 0.05). Besides, 49.0, 24.5, 12.5 mg x L(-1) of Zige lyophilized powder prevents the decline of SOD activity during H/R (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 24.5, 12.5 mg x L(-1) Zige lyophilized powder significantly inhibited the increase of MDA and NO content and improved the expression of Bcl-2 protein (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). And 49.0, 24.5, 12.5 mg x L(-1) of Zige lyophilized powder significantly decreased Bax level and up-regulated Bcl-2/Bax ratio. Caspase activation and apoptosis were monitored in the reoxygenated cells. 49.0, 24.5 mg x L(-1) Zige lyophilized powder can decreased Caspase-3 expression (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Zige lyophilized powder can prevent H/R induced injury to HUVECs, which may be related to its effect in inhibiting cell peroxidation injury and enhancing cell antioxidant and antiapoptotic capacities</p>