[CiteSpace knowledge map of research hotspots and frontiers of traditional Chinese medicine intervention in psoriasis in recent ten years].

This study aimed to investigate the development status of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) intervention in psoriasis in recent ten years, analyze the research hotspots, and summarize the development trends to provide reference materials for scholars in this field. Taking the available literature related to the field of TCM intervention in psoriasis as the research object, the trends, contents, and source publications were statistically analyzed based on bibliometrics. The research cooperation and co-occurrence of keywords in this field were studied by the knowledge map analysis method based on CiteSpace. The total number of Chinese papers was 2 993 and English papers 285. In terms of publication trend, the annual publication of English papers was low but showed an obvious upward trend, while the increase in Chinese papers fluctuated and tended to be flat. In terms of the content of Chinese papers published, TCM ranked first according to the discipline(2 415). In English papers, the number of publications in pharmacology and pharmaceutical science was the highest(87). Literature source analysis showed that the Chinese and English journals with the most publications were China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy and Evidence Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, respectively. Beijing University of Chinese Medicine published the most dissertations in China(99). The authors with the most publications in Chinese and English were LI Bin(Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine) and LU Chuan-jian(Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine). As revealed by the CiteSpace analysis of the research cooperation network, there were four mature and stable core teams in this field, but the cooperation intensity between different teams was weak. According to the keywords co-occurrence knowledge graph constructed by CiteSpace, the current hot keywords in this field are as follows: psoriasis, blood-heat syndrome, blood-stasis syndrome, fire needle, blood-dryness type, imiquimod, TCM bath, etiology and pathogenesis, cytokines, cupping therapy, etc. In summary, Chinese scholars have conducted active exploration and research in the field of TCM intervention in psoriasis in recent ten years. The overall development trend is good, and the breadth and depth of the research are constantly extending. It is suggested that relevant research should be free from discipline restrictions and strive for interdisciplinary integration.

Mulberry leaf extract improves intestinal barrier function and displays beneficial effects on colonic microbiota and microbial metabolism in weaned piglets.

BACKGROUND: Mulberry leaf extract (MLE) extracted from mulberry leaves is rich in a variety of bioactive ingredients and can be used as feed additives of weaned piglets. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary MLE supplementation on intestinal barrier function, colon microbial numbers and microbial metabolites of weaned piglets. RESULTS: MLE supplementation increased the villus height and the villus height/crypt depth ratio in jejunum and ileum (P < 0.05), increased the mRNA expression of ZO-1, Claudin-1 and MUC-2 in the ileal mucosa (P < 0.05), and decreased the serum level of lipopolysaccharide (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, MLE reduced the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1ß (P < 0.05) and increased secretory immunoglobulin A level in the ileal mucosa (P < 0.05). In addition, MLE increased the numbers of beneficial bacteria Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus (P < 0.05) and decreased the number of potential pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli (P < 0.05) in the colon. Correspondingly, MLE supplementation reduced the pH value of colonic digesta (P < 0.05) and altered the microbial fermentation pattern of the colon by increasing the concentrations of microbial metabolites derived from carbohydrates fermentation such as lactate, acetate, butyrate and total short-chain fatty acids (P < 0.05), and decreasing the concentrations of microbial metabolites derived from amino acid fermentation such as p-cresol, skatole, spermine, histamine and tryptamine (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: MLE supplementation improved intestinal barrier function and displayed beneficial effects on colon microbes and microbial metabolism in weaned piglets. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.

CiteSpace knowledge map of research hotspots and frontiers of traditional Chinese medicine intervention in psoriasis in recent ten years / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to investigate the development status of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) intervention in psoriasis in recent ten years, analyze the research hotspots, and summarize the development trends to provide reference materials for scholars in this field. Taking the available literature related to the field of TCM intervention in psoriasis as the research object, the trends, contents, and source publications were statistically analyzed based on bibliometrics. The research cooperation and co-occurrence of keywords in this field were studied by the knowledge map analysis method based on CiteSpace. The total number of Chinese papers was 2 993 and English papers 285. In terms of publication trend, the annual publication of English papers was low but showed an obvious upward trend, while the increase in Chinese papers fluctuated and tended to be flat. In terms of the content of Chinese papers published, TCM ranked first according to the discipline(2 415). In English papers, the number of publications in pharmacology and pharmaceutical science was the highest(87). Literature source analysis showed that the Chinese and English journals with the most publications were China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy and Evidence Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, respectively. Beijing University of Chinese Medicine published the most dissertations in China(99). The authors with the most publications in Chinese and English were LI Bin(Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine) and LU Chuan-jian(Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine). As revealed by the CiteSpace analysis of the research cooperation network, there were four mature and stable core teams in this field, but the cooperation intensity between different teams was weak. According to the keywords co-occurrence knowledge graph constructed by CiteSpace, the current hot keywords in this field are as follows: psoriasis, blood-heat syndrome, blood-stasis syndrome, fire needle, blood-dryness type, imiquimod, TCM bath, etiology and pathogenesis, cytokines, cupping therapy, etc. In summary, Chinese scholars have conducted active exploration and research in the field of TCM intervention in psoriasis in recent ten years. The overall development trend is good, and the breadth and depth of the research are constantly extending. It is suggested that relevant research should be free from discipline restrictions and strive for interdisciplinary integration.

Effect of guanidine acetic acid on meat quality, muscle amino acids, and fatty acids in Tibetan pigs.

This study investigated the effects of guanidine acetic acid (GAA) supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality in Tibetan pigs. A total of 18 male Tibetan pigs (21.35 ± 0.99 kg) were randomly assigned to the control (basal diet) and GAA (basal diet + 800 mg/kg GAA) groups for 125 days. Growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality in pigs, and the chemical composition of Longissimus thoracis (LT) were not altered by GAA. In LT, compared to the control group, dietary GAA increased the superoxide dismutase activity, transcripts of stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD) and fatty acid synthase (FAS), and contents of glutamate, glutamine, C24:0, C20:3n-6, C20:4n-6, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (P < 0.05), but it decreased the malondialdehyde content (P < 0.001). In back fat, dietary GAA reduced the transcript of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and the contents of C10:0, C12:0, C14:0, and C16:0 (P < 0.05), whereas it increased the contents of C22:0, C20:1, C22:1, C24:1, C20:2, C20:3n-3, and C22:2 (P < 0.05). These findings will provide a basis for high-quality Tibetan pork production.

Light therapy improved depression-like behavior induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress in Mongolian gerbils.

Progress has been made in elucidating the mechanism by which light modulates depressive-like behaviors. However, almost all of these studies ignore an important issue, namely, that examining the effects of light therapy in nocturnal animals may be difficult because the influences of light on behavioral responses differ between nocturnal and diurnal animals. To date, few diurnal rodents have been utilized to establish animal models that closely mimic clinical depression. Herein, the chronic unpredictable mild stress model, which is the most representative, reliable, and effective rodent model of depression, was implemented in diurnal Mongolian gerbils for the first time. The gerbils were subjected to two hours of light therapy or fluoxetine treatment for 2 weeks. Our work revealed that Mongolian gerbils subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress showed depression-like behaviors. Interestingly, we also found that light therapy improved anhedonic behavior more effectively than fluoxetine after two weeks of treatment. In summary, our study is the first to use diurnal Mongolian gerbils, which have the same circadian rhythm as humans, to establish an effective, economical, and practical animal model of depression and confirmed that light therapy could improve depression-like behavior more effectively than fluoxetine to some extent in diurnal Mongolian gerbils, which establishes a good foundation for clarifying the neural mechanism of light therapy for depression.

Effects of sinew-regulating bone-setting manipulations on chondrocytes, IL-1β and NO in rabbits with knee osteoarthritis / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of sinew-regulating bone-setting manipulations for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) model rabbits and its impacts on the chondrocyte apoptosis rate and the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and nitric oxide (NO). Methods: According to the random number table method, 30 New Zealand white rabbits were divided into a normal group (n=9) and a modeling group (n=21). Rabbits in the modeling group were used to establish KOA models with the modified Hulth method. At the 8th week, three rabbits were sacrificed to verify the model and the remaining 18 rabbits were randomly divided into a model group (n=9) and an intervention group (n=9). Rabbits in the normal group and model group were bred routinely without any intervention. Rabbits in the intervention group were treated with the sinew-regulating bone-setting manipulations, 10 min/time, once every other day for a total of 20 times. The Lequesne MG knee function rating was used to evaluate the behavioral differences of the rabbits in each group. The Pelletier score was used to evaluate the general changes of the rabbits. The Mankin score was used to evaluate the pathology of knee cartilages. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and nitrate reductase methods were used to determine the levels of IL-1β and NO in serum and synovial fluid of each group, respectively. In situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick and labeling method was used to determine the apoptosis of chondrocytes in each group. Results: Compared with the normal group, the scores of Lequesne MG, Pelletier and Mankin, and the levels of IL-1β and NO in the model group were increased (P<0.05), which indirectly indicated the success of the model. Compared with the model group, the scores of Lequesne MG, Pelletier and Mankin, IL-1β and NO levels, and chondrocyte apoptosis rate of the intervention group were decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The sinew-regulating bone-setting manipulations can reduce the levels of IL-1β, NO, and chondrocyte apoptosis rate, and delay the articular cartilage degeneration, therefore, having a good therapeutic effect on KOA.

Penctrimertone, a bioactive citrinin dimer from the endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. T2-11.

Penctrimertone (1), a novel citrinin dimer bearing a 6/6/6/6 tetracyclic ring scaffold, along with two known compounds xerucitrinic acid A (2) and citrinin (3) were isolated from the endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. T2-11. Their structures were unequivocally established by a comprehensive interpretation of the spectroscopic data, with the stereochemistry for 1 was defined by a combination of TDDFT-ECD calculations and the DP4+ probability analysis based on NMR chemical shift calculations. Bioassays revealed that compound 1 exhibited noticeable antimicrobial activities and moderate cytotoxicity. A plausible biosynthetic pathway of 1 was also proposed.

Dietary supplementation with citrus extract alters the plasma parameters, circulating amino acid profiles and gene expression of small intestinal nutrient transporters in Chinese yellow-feathered broilers.

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the effects of citrus extract (CE) on growth performance, plasma amino acid (AA) profiles, intestinal development and small intestine AA and peptide transporter expression levels in broilers. A total of 540 one-day-old yellow-feathered broilers were fed a basal diet without any antibiotic (control group), or a basal diet containing 10 mg kg-1 zinc bacitracin (antibiotic group), or a basal diet supplemented with 10 mg kg-1 CE (CE group). After 63 days of feeding, two broilers per pen were slaughtered to collect tissues for further analysis. RESULTS: Results showed that CE increased (P < 0.05) the final body weight and average daily gain from day 1 to 63, and decreased (P < 0.05) the feed/gain ratio from day 1 to 63. Dietary CE supplementation increased (P < 0.05) plasma total protein, albumin and glucose concentration, and decreased (P < 0.05) urea concentration. CE supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the villus height in the ileum and the villus height/crypt depth in the jejunum and ileum, but decreased (P < 0.05) the crypt depth in the jejunum and ileum. CE supplementation increased (P < 0.05) most plasma essential AA concentrations. Additionally, CE supplementation upregulated (P < 0.05) ASCT1, b0,+ AT, B0 AT1, EAAT3, rBAT, y+ LAT2 and PepT1 expression in the jejunum, and b0,+ AT, EAAT3, rBAT, y+ LAT2, CAT1 and PepT1 in the ileum. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, our results indicated that CE supplementation promotes intestinal physiological absorption of AAs by upregulating gene expression of small intestinal key AA and peptide transporters, thereby enhancing the growth performance of broilers. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.

Hermetia illucens larvae as a Fishmeal replacement alters intestinal specific bacterial populations and immune homeostasis in weanling piglets.

Hermetia illucens larvae meal (HILM) are rich in proteins and chitin, and represent an innovative feed ingredient for animals. However, little is known about the intestinal bacteria and immune homeostasis response of HILM as a fishmeal replacement on weanling piglets. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the changes in specific ileal and cecal bacterial populations and their metabolic profiles, and ileal immune indexes in weanling piglets fed with a diet containing HILM. A total of 128 weanling piglets were fed either a basal diet or 1 of 3 diets with 1%, 2%, and 4% HILM (HI0, HI1, HI2, and HI4, respectively). Each group consisted of 8 pens (replicates), with 4 pigs per pen. After 28 d of feeding, 8 barrows per treatment were euthanized, the ileal and cecal digesta, and ileal mucosa were collected for analyzing bacterial population and metabolic profiles, and immune indexes, respectively. Results showed that HILM increased (P < 0.05, maximum in HI2) the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the ileum and cecum, but quadratically decreased (P < 0.05, minimum in HI2) the number of Escherichia coli. In the cecum, the number of Firmicutes, Ruminococcus, Clostridium cluster IV, and Prevotella showed a quadratic response to increasing (P < 0.05, maximum in HI2) HILM levels. Lactate and butyrate concentrations in the ileum and cecum were quadratically increased (P < 0.05, maximum in HI2) with increasing HILM levels. In the cecum, the amines, phenol, and indole compounds concentrations were quadratically decreased (P < 0.05, minimum in HI2) with increasing HILM levels, while total short-chain fatty acids and acetate concentrations were quadratically increased (P < 0.05, maximum in HI2). In the ileum, the TLR4, NF-κB, MyD88, and TNF-α mRNA expressions were quadratically decreased (P < 0.05, minimum in HI2) with increasing HILM levels, while the mRNA expression of IL-10, barrier function (MUC1, ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-2), and development-related genes (IGF-1, GLP-2, and EGF) was quadratically increased (P < 0.05, maximum in HI2). Furthermore, the changes in the mucosal gene expression were associated with changes in the bacterial populations and their metabolites. Collectively, these results showed that a diet supplemented with 2% HILM affected specific bacterial populations and metabolic profiles, and maintained ileal immune status. These findings provide new insights into the use of insect meal as a suitable alternative protein source for swine feeding.

Peniterester, a carotane-type antibacterial sesquiterpene from an artificial mutant Penicillium sp. T2-M20.

Peniterester (1), a new tricyclic sesquiterpene, together with 6 known compounds (2-7) were isolated from the secondary metabolites of an artificial mutant Penicillium sp. T2-M20 which was obtained from the parental strain Penicillium sp. T2-8 via UV irradiation as well as nitrosoguanidine (NTG) induction. Peniterester was only produced by the mutant T2-M20 on the basis of LC-MS analysis. Meanwhile, the results of in vitro bioactivities screening indicated that peniterester owned obvious antibacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with MICs of 8.0, 8.0 and 4.0 µg/mL, respectively.

Clinical observation of sinew-regulating bone-setting manipulations plus exercise therapy for chronic non-specific low back pain / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of sinew-regulating bone-setting manipulations plus exercise therapy in treating chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP). Methods: A total of 65 CNLBP patients were divided into two groups by the random number table method. Thirty-three cases in the treatment group were intervened by sinew-regulating bone-setting manipulations plus exercise therapy; 32 cases in the control group were intervened by medium-frequency electrotherapy plus exercise therapy. Before and after treatment, visual analog scale (VAS), dynamic and static muscle endurance of low back, median frequency (MF) of surface electromyography (sEMG) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were used to evaluate the low back function. The therapeutic efficacy was estimated after treatment. Results: The two groups each had 2 dropouts during the study. The total effective rate was 90.3％ in the treatment group versus 66.7％ in the control group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the VAS score, dynamic and static muscle endurance of low back, MF of sEMG and ODI score all changed significantly in both groups (all P<0.05); all the items in the treatment group were significantly different from those in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Sinew-regulating bone-setting manipulations plus exercise therapy can effectively release pain in CNLBP patients, increase muscle endurance of the low back and improve the quality of life, and its therapeutic efficacy is more significant than that of medium-frequency electrotherapy plus exercise therapy.

Production of a new tetracyclic triterpene sulfate metabolite sambacide by solid-state cultivated Fusarium sambucinum B10.2 using potato as substrate.

The aim of this work is to explore integracide analogues from secondary metabolites of microorganisms. A new tetracyclic triterpene sulfate was produced by solid-state fermentation (SSF) with Fusarium sambucinum B10.2. The tetracyclic triterpene sulfate was identified as (3S,5R,10S,11S,12S,13R,17R,20R)-4,4-dimethylergosta-8,14,24-triene-3,11,12-triol-12-acetate, 3-sulfate on the basis of HRESIMS, NMR and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra and named sambacide (1). The antibacterial and antifungal assays of sambacide (1) showed significant antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The fermentation conditions including culture media, fermentation temperature and time, were optimized. And potato was selected as the fermentation substrate, 28°C was used as the fermentation temperature, and 20-days fermentation time was determined for F. sambucinum-SSF to produce sambacide (1) with a high yield of 19.04±0.82g/kg. This paper provides an efficient approach to produce the antibacterial and antifungal agent sambacide (1) in a very high yield.

Light propagation along the pericardium meridian at human wrist as evidenced by the optical experiment and Monte Carlo method.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the characteristics of light propagation along the Pericardium Meridian and its surrounding areas at human wrist by using optical experiment and Monte Carlo method. METHODS: An experiment was carried out to obtain the distribution of diffuse light on Pericardium Meridian line and its surrounding areas at the wrist, and then a simplified model based on the anatomical structure was proposed to simulate the light transportation within the same area by using Monte Carlo method. RESULTS: The experimental results showed strong accordance with the Monte Carlo simulation that the light propagation along the Pericardium Meridian had an advantage over its surrounding areas at the wrist. CONCLUSION: The advantage of light transport along Pericardium Merdian line was related to components and structure of tissue, also the anatomical structure of the area that the Pericardium Meridian line runs.

Light propagation along the pericardium meridian at human wrist as evidenced by the optical experiment and Monte Carlo method / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the characteristics of light propagation along the Pericardium Meridian and its surrounding areas at human wrist by using optical experiment and Monte Carlo method.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An experiment was carried out to obtain the distribution of diffuse light on Pericardium Meridian line and its surrounding areas at the wrist, and then a simplified model based on the anatomical structure was proposed to simulate the light transportation within the same area by using Monte Carlo method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The experimental results showed strong accordance with the Monte Carlo simulation that the light propagation along the Pericardium Meridian had an advantage over its surrounding areas at the wrist.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The advantage of light transport along Pericardium Merdian line was related to components and structure of tissue, also the anatomical structure of the area that the Pericardium Meridian line runs.</p>

Monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from Alstonia yunnanensis.

Eight new monoterpenoid indole alkaloids, alstoyunines A-H (1-8), along with 17 known analogues, were isolated from Alstonia yunnanensis. The structures of the new alkaloids were established by means of extensive spectroscopic methods. Alstoyunines C (3), E (5), and F (6) showed selective inhibition of Cox-2 (>75%). Alstoyunine F (6) showed weak cytotoxicity against the human myeloid leukemia HL-60 (IC50 = 3.89 microM) and hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 (IC50 = 21.73 microM) cell lines.

[Improvement on microwave technology of extracting polysaccharide from yacon leaves].

According to the extraction ratio of polysaccharide in yacon leaves, the comparison between microwave extraction and traditional hot water extraction was conducted, and the two-factor and three-level experiment on the microwave extraction of polysaccharide from yacon leaves was investigated. The result showed that the extraction ratio of polysaccharide by using microwave extraction was better than that by using traditional hot water extraction. Moreover, according to the result of variance analysis and multiple comparison, the optimum conditions for extraction of polysaccharide by using microwave technology from yacon leaves were as follows: 280W microwave power for 2 times and 15 minutes at every time.

[Cytological observation on pollen abortion of genetic male sterile mutant induced by space flight in maize].

In order to understand the cytological mechanism of pollen abortion of genetic male sterile mutant induced by space flight in maize, the sister cross population were used for sterility analysis and cytological observation. Intact anther observation, isolated cells observation and paraffin section were adopted in this research. The results showed that pollen abortion occured mostly in dyad stage of meiosis in genetic male sterile mutant. The dyad were degenerated with abnormal shape. In late anther developing stage, the tapetal cells were giant vacuolated and delayed degeneration. The pollen mother cells (PMC) began to dissolve and degenerate in a few anther before meiosis.